This version of BIP! Finder aims to ease the exploration of COVID-19-related literature by enabling ranking articles based on various impact metrics.
Last Update: 18 - 01 - 2023 (628506 entries)
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*More details on these impact measures can be found here.
Exceptional score (in top 0.01%).
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CORD-19 dataset(1) (list of papers)
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| Title | Venue | Year | Impact | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4901 | Poor Health Behaviors among Housebound Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults Due to Prolonged Self-Restraint during the First COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey BACKGROUND: Prolonged self-restraining behaviors induced by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic’s containment measures can limit various positive health behaviors. OBJECTIVE: We examined the decline in going-out and certain other positive health behaviors and investigated the relationship between excessive decreases in going-out frequency and declining engagement in positive health behaviors among community-dwelling older adults during the self-restraint period. DESIGN: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design. SETTING: This study was conducted in Nishi Tokyo City, Tokyo, Japan. PARTICIPANTS: The participants were 294 respondents (150 women) aged 50 years and older who lived in public housing that were permitted to be surveyed during the self-restraint period. MEASUREMENTS: Their pre-pandemic going-out frequency around February 2020 and going-out frequency during the self-restraint period starting in April 2020 were reported. We mainly assessed the existence of home health behaviors (i.e., exercise, in-person and phone conversations, and healthy diet). A self-report questionnaire was used to obtain data. RESULTS: Going-out frequency decreased in 41.2% of the 294 respondents owing to the government’s request for self-restraint. In total, 13 individuals had been going out less than one time per week (housebound) before the request. Of the 281 people who were not housebound before the government’s self-restraint request, 13.9% were newly housebound. Newly housebound individuals were 5.3 times less likely to exercise, had 2.1 times fewer social contacts, and 2.6 times less balanced or healthy diets than those who maintained their frequency of going out. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged self-restraint due to the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to housebound status and poor health behaviors. Public health intervention is needed to prevent excessive self-restraint, along with new measures integrating information and communication technologies to enable older adults to live active lives. | J Frailty Aging | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4902 | Die unmenschliche Seite der Pandemie | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4903 | Neuropathische Mechanismen bei Rückenschmerzen | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4904 | Erkenntnis und Interessen | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4905 | Anforderungen der Schmerzmedizin an eine neue Gesundheitspolitik | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4906 | Fokus auf Hospiz- und Palliativversorgung | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4907 | Better Together: Family and Peer Support for Black Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Black Lives Matter Movement The study investigated how the COVID-19 pandemic and the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement impacted Black young adults’ social relationships and how receiving support from family or peers differentially influenced psychological adjustment. Surveys were sent in January 2021 and respondents included a total of 346 Black adults (66% female; mean age 26.2). A 2X2 repeated measures analysis of variance with social convoys and events was performed. Separate hierarchical regression analyses were performed with psychological well-being, psychological distress, and psychological need satisfaction. The pandemic negatively impacted relationships with peers. The BLM movement had favorable effects on both peer and family relationships. Family support relating to the pandemic and peer support relating to the BLM movement were associated with heightened psychological adjustment. The beneficial effects of pandemic-related support were mediated by greater psychological need satisfaction. The results indicate how important family and peer support are to individuals’ psychological adjustment during pivotal events. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4908 | The Tadros Theory: A Clinical Supervision Framework for Working with Incarcerated Individuals and Their Families As a result of mass incarceration and the deinstitutionalization of mental health, carceral settings in the USA are in dire need of systemic therapy. Therapists treating the incarcerated face unique challenges that therapists in traditional settings do not, like security risks, maintaining confidentiality, navigating dual relationships, and acquiring appropriate training. As such, it is imperative that carceral therapists have access to incarcerated informed clinical supervision. Yet, the literature on this is sparse. In this paper, we propose the Tadros Theory of Change, a clinical supervision framework for working with incarcerated individuals and their families. Multicultural and ethical considerations are explored. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4909 | INTERPRETIVE SUMMARIES, APRIL 2022 | J Dairy Sci | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4910 | Detection of SARS-CoV-2 using dielectric modulated TFET-based biosensor Attributable to the rapid increase in human infection of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared this disease outbreak as a pandemic. This outbreak can be tackled to some extent through proper management and early diagnosis. This work reports a biosensor based on vertical tunnel field-effect transistor (VTFET) developed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 from the clinical samples through the analysis of its spike, envelope, and DNA proteins. Investigation of the sensitivity of the proposed sensor has been done by calculating the shift in drain current. The dielectric constant equivalent of the virus proteins is used to represent the hybridized biomolecules within the nanogaps. The sensitivity of this proposed sensor is found to be significantly high (order of 10(6)) showing the viability of the device to be a superior sensor. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis concerning DNA charge density is also performed. The effect of DNA charge density variation on the threshold voltage (V(th)) and sensitivity have also been studied in this work. The proposed sensor is also investigated for its noise performance and observed the sensitivity with and without the effect of interface trap charges. Finally, the proposed sensor is benchmarked against the sensitivity of various FET-based biosensors already published earlier. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4911 | Influence of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on a sample of Egyptian children with Down syndrome BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by variable degrees of intellectual disability (ID). The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) lockdown prevented children with DS from reaching their rehabilitation facilities. This could have led to deterioration of their abilities and mental health hazards. The aim of this cohort study was to investigate frequency of COVID-19, the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on health, and some abilities of children with DS, and to explore factors that could have governed receiving home-based training during the lockdown. A survey of 150 individuals with Down syndrome was answered by their caregivers. Additionally, 135 participants were subjected to assessment of cognitive, language, and motor abilities using Portage program. They were divided into 2 groups: group I who received online therapy sessions during the lockdown and group II who did not receive sessions. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors which influenced getting home-based training. RESULTS: The percentage of COVID-19 cases was 3.3%. All evaluated abilities were reduced despite receiving online sessions particularly language performance (P < 0.001). Male gender, having severe ID and low parental education were among the factors which encouraged parents to get virtual training. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the abilities of DS children even those who got rehabilitation sessions. Their dependence on social interaction could have limited the benefit of virtual sessions. Factors that influence a parent’s decision to get home-based training should be monitored and targeted in order to overcome obstacles or concepts that may prevent families from enduring home-based intervention. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4912 | Some Novel [6-(Isoxazol-5-ylmethoxy)-3-methylbenzofuran-2-yl]phenylmethanone Derivatives, Their Antimicrobial Activity and Molecular Docking Studies on COVID-19 A novel series of benzofuran-isoxazole hybrid heterocyclic unit has been synthesized and their structures characterized by (1)H and (13)C NMR, and mass spectral data. The synthesized products have been evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity using Gentamycin sulphate and Nystatin as standard drugs, respectively. Four synthesized products have been determined as highly active against all tested bacterial and fungal strains. Structure–antimicrobial activity relationship has been supported by docking studies of the active compounds against glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase and aspartic proteinase. According to the docking studies, all derivatives exhibit good theoretical affinity with Autodock 4.2 software score in the range of –9.37 and –11.63 kcal/mol against the main protease of COVID-19. | Russ J Gen Chem | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4913 | Polarization, casualty sensitivity and military operations: evidence from a survey experiment Does political polarization impact decisions to go to war? This paper explores how differences in casualty sensitivity by political party in the USA may present different incentives to wartime leaders. Using three survey experiments, I assess the relationship between party, ideology, casualty sensitivity and support for war. Results indicate that conservatives are less likely to change their support in response to increases in casualties, while liberals are much more likely to be sensitive to casualties. Further, this result appears to be primarily attributable to ideology, as opposed to partisan preference, generating different incentives regarding war strategy by political party. As polarization increases, these trends are likely to become more pronounced, with significant implications for when and how states fight wars. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1057/s41311-022-00378-9. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4914 | Nachhaltigkeitsrisiken in Versicherungsunternehmen. Regulatorische Entwicklungen, Szenarioanalysen und Stress-Tests This paper looks at regulatory developments on sustainability risks in insurance companies. Sustainability risks are differentiated based on ESG criteria (environmental, social, governance). A further differentiation is made between physical and transitory risks. Regulatory developments at global, European, and national level are traced. The focus is on the work on EU regulation by the European Commission and the EU insurance supervisory authority EIOPA, especially on the EU supervisory system Solvency II and on insurance stress testing exercises. The focus is on scenario analyses and stress tests on sustainability risks. The latter are applicable for micro- and macroprudential purposes. Their design is discussed with regard to, inter alia, scenarios, time horizons and granularity. The article thus provides an overview and outlook on the regulatory treatment of sustainability risks in the insurance sector, whereby the EU requirements could serve as a model for international progress in this field. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4915 | Addressing Behavioral Health of the Diverse Older Adults in the Various Healthcare Setting during COVID pandemia During COVID-19 pandemia being in a “golden age” group, having chronic health conditions make people more susceptible to the virus. The need to socially distance creates the sense of isolation, affects older adults routines, mass transportation, and some “non-essential” social services. Those factors in addition to the uncertainty and fear COVID-19 creates, and the potential for older adults to be more vulnerable to the virus and higher mortality rates among older adults may exacerbate depression and anxiety for which effective and safe treatment interventions are required. Virtual partial hospitalization program offers affordable and convenient opportunity to address mental health needs of older adults. There were a number of challenges with transitioning to and utilizing a telehealth platform for psychiatric evaluation in the long term care setting during the COVID 19 pandemic. First, staffing of facilities was stretched during the pandemic, making facilitation of Tele visits difficult. Without staff present through the entire visit to sort out technical difficulties, repeat questions and instructions for patients with hearing difficulties, and help patients complete questionnaires, evaluation was significantly limited. Additionally, the restrictions in place to mitigate viral transmission to residents and staff played unique roles in the psychiatric population. Isolation, lack of intellectual stimulation though group activities/dining, and halted family visits contributed to depression, anxiety, and agitation. Compounded with limited access to staff for therapy and medical management, we certainly observed a decline in motivation and functioning in our patients. In sum, while telehealth was successfully used in many settings during the COVID 19 pandemic, unique challenges in the geriatric psychiatry population residing in long term care facilities made implementation difficult. Lack of in-person visits and staffing shortages may have also contributed to escalation of psychiatric symptoms. Offering tele-psychiatry to diverse VA older adult patient population appears to be a valuable option although especially in the rural areas may present some challenges including irregularities of the internet connection, limited equipment availability as well as limited proficiency of the patient's utilization of the various telehealth platforms. However with appropriate training and equipment supplies those challenges can be resolved. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4916 | Is an iPad Enough? Barriers to the Access of Video Telemedicine Services by Outpatient Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Geriatric Psychiatry Latinx Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic Introduction The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a massive shift from in-person healthcare delivery to telemedicine to protect patients and healthcare providers. Older adults are at an elevated risk of exposure and complications from this virus, making video visits an ideal and safer alternative to in-person care. Data from clinical encounters at our ambulatory Psychiatric clinic in Boston, Massachusetts, revealed that older Latinx patients, whose preferred language was Spanish, were more likely to make a phone visit rather than video visit, as compared to other subpopulations. This pilot study is based in administering a survey to older Latinx adults from our ambulatory psychiatric clinic. Methods We aimed to recruit 50 older Latinx adults age 60 years and older who identified Spanish as their preferred language and required the assistance of an interpreter for their medical appointments. These individuals were connecting via phone visits only and not video telemedicine. We developed a 33-question survey containing information on demographics, literacy, technology use, sensory functions, personal concerns and preferences about video visits. A Spanish medical interpreter administered the survey over the phone. Results Currently 43 patients have been enrolled and 36 have completed the study, i.e., answered the survey. Preliminary descriptive data revealed a majority female group (85.7%), with median age of 67.5 years, mainly born and raised in the Caribbean. A minority of patients (2.9%) felt comfortable communicating in English. Less than 15% of our sample had more than high school level and most (95%) completed their studies outside of the United States. While 74.3 % of our sample could read ‘very well’ in Spanish, only 2.9 % could do so in English. Most of our sample was not working (91.4 %). Most of our population had internet (74.3%) and an electronic device with which to make video calls (80%). Notably 60% of our sample had an email address, however 85 % did not use it to communicate. Our patients could send/receive text messages from their cell phones in 77% of the cases, and 65.7 % had made video calls using mostly WhatsApp (42.9%), Zoom (14.3 %) and Facetime (14.3 %) as most common platforms. Most patients reported eyesight problems (20 % “a lot” and 71.4 % “Yes, a little bit”), some hearing problems (5.7% “a lot” and 25.7 “a little”) and over half (20% “a lot” and 37.1 “a little”) complained of subjective memory problems. Of our sample, 31.5 % reported worries about videocall appointments, mostly described as technical problems they could not solve (25.7 %), having no privacy (14.3 %) and appearance not being well groomed (11.4 %). One third of our group (31.4 %) reported having no one who could help them with internet/technology connection. Conclusions Based on these preliminary data, connection to video telemedicine by geriatric low English-proficiency (LEP) patients is challenging when there is limited technology literacy, education and language limitations, sensory deficits, and direct personalized guidance and support. Sensory functions (vision and hearing) and memory difficulties can also affect our patient's ability to access technology for clinical care and should be considered. The implementation of direct supports, such as care navigators, technology educators and connection to other support systems in their preferred language may be necessary to improve their access to video telemedicine. This research was funded by Brigham and Women's Hospital Covid-19 Grant Funding (Institutional Funding) | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4917 | Living with Heart Failure during the Coronavirus Pandemic: A Qualitative Study Introduction Heart Failure (HF) affects 6.2 million adults in the United States and its incidence increases with age. HF is the leading cause of hospitalization among older adults, with the highest readmission rates when compared to other chronic conditions representing significant economic and health impact. Psychological distress including depression is prevalent in HF patients and has been shown to contribute to negative outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic has had important implications for HF patients by heightening the risk of infection and HF acute exacerbations, as well as distancing patients from their support network impacting their wellbeing and quality of life. This study aimed to explore psychosocial experiences of those living with HF during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Qualitative research study that collected information with semi-structured interviews delivered by phone and a demographics and mental health history survey mailed to patients. 30 Patients were recruited from February to May 2021. All interviews were transcribed and coded using NVivo. Results Mean age was 72.6, 73% male, and 27% female. 27% reported previous or current depression diagnosis and 23% considered symptoms to be somewhat related to HF; 17% reported anxiety diagnosis that occurred either in the past or presently with 10% considering symptoms somewhat related to HF. There were 4 major categories identified. 1. Access to Medical Services, included themes about ability to connect with providers throughout the pandemic and adjustment to novel care models; challenges with hospitalizations that lacked family support and presence; and delay in emergency care. 2. Social Life and Routines, included the most common themes described by patients and the difficulties experienced within this category. Themes about the pivotal role of socialization and social support that were lost during the pandemic commonly emerged. Additionally, the resulting changes to family structures and routines, as well as themes related to the challenges of accessing public services like restrooms. 3. Fears and Health Consequences, included themes about the fear of COVID-19 infection, the potential health consequences, and the importance of prioritizing health and follow medical advice. Most participants described a sense of relief and hope once the vaccine became available. 4. Emotional Response, included themes related to mood decline and experiences of fear and frustration. Positive themes emerged related to masking which was normalized and helpful to those immunocompromised. Moreover, some described the benefits of connecting with others either using technology or spending more physical time at home because of the quarantine. Conclusions HF patients have high healthcare needs, often experience psychological distress, and the COVID-19 pandemic presented important challenges to this population. Based on patients’ experiences, the pandemic impacted acces to care, contributed to illness exacerbations, hospitalizations, and psychological distress, as well as interrupted social connections which are an important source of wellbeing in a population that carries several physical limitations as a result of their underlying condition. This research was funded by Institutional/Departmental Funding. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4918 | Evaluating the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Depression and Resilience in Older Adults Introduction Since March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the physical and mental health of older adults. We know how social isolation and loneliness may adversely affect one's health, mood, and cognition, specifically in adults over 65. However, when faced with adversity, studies have shown older adults to be at least, if not more, resilient than their younger counterparts. This study aimed to understand the extent of psychosocial impact the pandemic had on older adults with and without depression currently enrolled in the Neurobiology of Late-Life Depression (NBOLD) Study. In conjunction with the Brief Carroll Depression and Brief Resilience Scales, we used a novel measure of pandemic-related experiences across several life domains in older adults, the Epidemic-Pandemic Impacts Inventory-Geriatrics Adaptation (EPII-G). Based on prior knowledge of how detrimental social isolation can be on mental health and how resilient older people can be, we hypothesized that depression scores would increase during the pandemic. We also suspected that resilience scores at least remain constant or possibly improve. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, adults 65 and older account for 14.3% of cases and 80% of COVID-19 related deaths in the United States. Between “stay at home” guidelines and visitation restrictions along the continuum of aging services, there is concern over the lasting effects of social isolation. Therefore there is a need to examine and map the ways by which one's physical and social environments impact loneliness. Although loneliness is considered to be a subjective feeling related to a person's experience, it is one of three main factors leading to depression and a factor in cause of suicide. Despite this, one characteristic has shown to be protective against these stressors. Resilient individuals exhibit internal qualities like self-reliance and optimism and have external support systems in place allowing them to adapt more readily in the face of change. There is still little research available regarding outcomes and factors from COVID-19 impacting older adults’ depression and resilience, which this study aims to address, while strengthening the validity of the EPII-G. Methods The study population included older adults previously diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and non-depressed controls, enrolled in the N-BOLD study at University of Connecticut Health Center. Inclusion criteria for participants included: age of 60 or greater, ability to read and write English, and Mini-Mental State Examination score of 25 or greater. Depressed subjects met the criteria for MDD, either episodic or recurrent. Participants provided additional informed consent for the study. Baseline data was collected prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, with second interviews taking place mid-2020, and additional follow-up summer 2021. The study utilized the EPII-G, Brief Carroll Depression Scale (BC), and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). The surveys were verbally administered by the research staff both in-person and via phone interviews. Results From mid-2020 to summer 2021, both depressed and emotional control groups saw an increase in total BC depression score. Older adults with a history of depression showed BC scores increase from 2.47 to 3.12, and older controls experienced increases from 0.5 to 1.11. Despite an increase in depression score, both cohorts also saw an increase in BRS resilience score, with the depressed group and control group showing increases in BRS from 18.18 to 19.75 and 20.93 to 23.33 respectively. We found a negative correlation between positive home life of person in the home on EPII-G and BC scores, with a correlation coefficient of -0.3645 and p-value of 0.0616. There was also a positive correlation with positive home life of person in the home and social activities for self and BRS scores, with correlation coefficients of 0.26304 and 0.29869 and p-values of 0.0845 and 0.0489 respectively. Conclusions Individuals who didn't see disruption to their normal routine and had the means to communicate with loved ones had strong psycho-social supports in place, but were still vulnerable to the detrimental effects of isolation. Through their years of experience, older adults have had the time needed to develop protective factors such as self-reliance. They have also lived through poignant events such as war and economic depression, putting suffering into perspective. As many no longer work or attend school like their younger counterparts, they experienced less disruption to daily routine. This strong foundation has contributed to the resilience needed to overcome the stressors that surfaced during the pandemic. By continuing to follow these groups, we can evaluate changes in depressive symptoms, how long they persist, and if individuals return to baseline over time, as well as to continue to strengthen the EPII-G's validity. This research was funded by Research is supported by National Institute of Mental Health grant R01 MH108578. Chart: https://apps.aagponline.org/abstracts/uploads/2022/f1peuxbywkablos.pdf | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4919 | Landscape of Isolation: Covid-19 and Geriatric Mental Health Introduction The current COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the forums, methods, and content of our human communication, with the efforts towards reducing viral transmission and protecting vulnerable groups. The elderly population, particularly the population in long term care, have been especially exposed to both the risk of viral transmission, due to the communal housing aspect of long term care facilities, and the mental and physical aspects of quarantine, due to the policy of physical isolation. This review aims to examine current research on how the impact of age and physical environment during the pandemic has formed disparities in mental health and healthcare delivery. Methods A focused literature search was carried out using PubMed. The following search terms were used: (Covid isolation geriatric psychiatry) and (Loneliness geriatric psychiatry COVID) and (COVID geriatric mental health), results were by two independent reviewers for high-quality reviews, meta-analyses, and descriptive studies. Results Literature robustly suggests that the isolation caused by national lockdowns has increased loneliness, depressive feelings, anxiety levels, and suicide rates in the geriatric population. These psychological symptoms can also have an impact on physical health. Studies have shown an association between isolation and high blood pressure, cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, diminished immune system functioning, coronary heart disease, obesity, anxiety, and depression. Prevention methods that have been considered include increasing virtual social interaction and engaging in more physical activity to reduce depressive symptoms. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of mental health in the geriatric population. Isolation and lockdown measures have been implemented to protect physical health, but there are major consequences including increased depression and suicide rates. It is important to raise awareness of this ongoing public health issue so that solutions can be implemented to restore social interaction and prevent these psychological symptoms. This research was funded by NA | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4920 | Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy for People with Parkinson's Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic Introduction Anxiety and depression are among the most common non-motor PD symptoms. People with PD have experienced additional stress and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Caregivers of people with PD may experience significant caregiver burden. MBCT can prevent the relapse of depression and improve anxiety symptoms. Few studies have explored its benefits for people with PD; none have included caregivers. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) intervention in reducing anxiety and/or depression in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) and their caregivers. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04469049) and it was conducted entirely online. Methods Peoplewith PD or parkinsonism and mild-to-moderate anxiety and/or depressive symptoms and caregivers of people with PD were recruited from neurology clinics, support groups, and online. 3 MBCT groups were conducted in Zoom from November 2020 to June 2021, using a previously adapted MBCT protocol, further modified for online delivery during the pandemic. Caregivers could also enter MBCT groups or complete pre- and post- surveys without joining groups. Data collected included demographic and clinical variables, pre- and post-MBCT behavioral measures (GAD-7, PHQ-9, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire: FFMQ-15), home practice time, and satisfaction surveys. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participant characteristics, home practice time, and satisfaction survey responses. Pre- and post-MBCT behavioral measure scores were compared using mixed-effect models. Results See attached tables. All 27 participants who entered MBCT groups completed the intervention, except for one man with PD (n = 22 people with PD/parkinsonism, n = 4 caregivers). Attendance and participant satisfaction were high. MBCT completers had significant anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9) score reductions and FFMQ-15 total and Observing and Non-reactivity subscale score increases (all p’s < 0.05). Completers with PD/parkinsonism and anxiety (n = 14) had a significant GAD-7 score reduction; those with PD/parkinsonism and depression (n = 13) had a significant PHQ-9 score reduction (both p’s < 0.05). Completers with PD/parkinsonism also had a significant FFMQ-15 Observing subscale score increase (p < 0.05). The caregiver sample was too small to be analyzed. Conclusions Online MBCT is feasible and may be effective in reducing anxiety and/or depression in people with PD. Results should be replicated in studies with larger samples and control groups. Please note, this study built on the previous pilot trial presented in poster #1101 at the 2021 AAGP Virtual Annual Meeting. This was a different study and it also included caregivers. This research was funded by This study was supported by the Mount Zion Health Fund. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4921 | Loneliness in Older Adults with Major Depression Across the COVID-19 Pandemic Introduction Loneliness has emerged as a distinct clinical construct with detrimental physical and mental health effects. During the COVID-19 outbreak and aftermath, studies examining loneliness in older adults reported mixed results with increased, decreased, and static levels of loneliness. These inconsistent findings likely relate to pandemic-related phenomena of amplified social isolation (e.g., quarantines, social distancing, remote work) for some, and an increased sense of social connectedness (e.g., shared interests, challenges and experiences, greater media engagement) for others. To our knowledge, only one study has examined the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults with pre-existing major depression. Most were resilient, with no overall change in depression, anxiety, and suicidality scores, however loneliness was not explicitly considered. As such, since loneliness and depression are interrelated in older adults, we sought to examine whether loneliness in non-remitted older depressed patients was impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A brief survey instrument was developed that included relevant socio-demographic information, a modified Older Americans Resources and Services (OARS) scale for assessing perceived health status, a question on communication during the pandemic adapted from the Questionnaire for Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Older Adults (QAICPOA), a question on consumption of COVID-19 related news coverage, and the UCLA 3-item Loneliness Scale for three different time points: prior to the pandemic (retrospective self-rating), during the height of the pandemic (defined as between the declaration of a formal pandemic in March 2020 until vaccinations began in December 2020) (retrospective self-rating), and currently at the time of survey administration in Fall 2021 (contemporaneous rating). To ensure a homogeneous patient population, eligibility criteria included a primary diagnosis of a major depressive disorder without psychosis, cognitive impairment, secondary psychiatric disorders, or a remitted state. All patients were active registrants in the Zucker Hillside Hospital (ZHH) Geriatric Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic. A list of eligible patient names and contacts were generated through the IT department by abstracting information from the electronic health record. As per Northwell's IRB review, this survey project met the criteria outlined in 45 CFR 46.101 for IRB exemption. Eligible patients were called and asked to complete the survey over the phone. Data for the current pilot sample were analyzed using a two-tailed paired t-test with a threshold of significance of p ≤0.05. Results 106 patients met eligibility criteria. To date, 30 patients completed telephone surveys. The mean age of these respondents was 73.5 (SD ± 6.39) years. 73.3% (n = 22) were female and 26.1% (n = 8) were male. 63.3% of patients were white, 16.6% were Black, 13.3% were Hispanic, and 6.6% were Asian. 50% of patients were married, 26.6% were divorced, and 23.3% were widowed. 10% of patients were still working, while the remaining 90% were retired. 33.3% of patients had an associate, bachelor's, or graduate/advanced degree, 63.3% of patients completed high school, and 3.3% had not. 73% lived with at least one other person and 27% lived alone. 86.7% had one or more children and 13.3% were childless. The mean OARS score was 3.16 (SD ± 1.88) (range 0-6, worse to best perceived health). Compared to prior to the pandemic, 46.6 % of patients reported less communication with friends and family, 46.6 % reported they communicated the same, and 6.7% said they communicated more. Mean COVID-related news consumption rating (range 1-5, 5 = most) was 3.8 (SD ± 1.3). Mean UCLA 3-item loneliness scale (range 3-9) scores were 4.97 (SD ± 1.85) prior to the pandemic, 6.47 (SD ± 1.89) during the height of the pandemic, and 5.37 (SD ± 2.11) in the Fall 2021 vaccination period. A significant difference existed between loneliness scores prior to the pandemic and worsening loneliness during the height of the pandemic (p<0.0001). A significant difference also was found between loneliness scores during the height of the pandemic and improving loneliness during the less acute pandemic vaccination period (p < 0.005). There was no significant difference between loneliness prior to and after the height of the pandemic. Conclusions In a representative pilot sample (expansion ongoing) of older depressed adults, loneliness increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the context of prior findings of largely stable mental health parameters and resilience during the COVID-19 outbreak in a similar population, this suggests that loneliness is a unique human experience not necessarily alleviated by effective coping strategies. That loneliness significantly improved with a likely sense of incipient normalization reenforces that it is a dynamic psychological state subject to intervention. This research was funded by None. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4922 | Pandemics: Historical Perspective and Vulnerabilities Among Minority Elderly While infectious organisms surround us, critical circumstances need to occur for a pandemic to develop, such as that of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), declared by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Prior pandemics had many feautres in common with COVID-19. Pandemics can expose weaknesses in public health response systems, as well as vulnerabilities in the populations who are most susceptible to adverse outcomes, and can lead to scapegoating of specific groups and attempts to conceal the disease. COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted the mental and physical health of minority seniors, and caused significant economic hardships. Long-standing social determinants of mental and physical health have led to health disparities highlighted by COVID-19, and demonstrate the complex intersection of health, medical comorbidities, and barriers to access to culturally competent physical and mental healthcare. The pandemic has caused significant mental health problems even among those who were spared the infection, primarily manifested as social isolation, depression, anxiety and opioid use disorders. Public health measures, including screening, vaccinations, and access to quality healthcare can all mitigate adverse outcomes. Similarly, best practices that include collaborations between social service agencies and faith-based groups are effective strategies to bring these mitigating strategies nearer to the minority seniors who are most in need. Addressing vaccine hesitancy is a critical component of ending this pandemic. Future research should bring together practitioners, public health agencies, and community-based organizations for the collaborative design and implementation of effective, culturally competent interventions to address the medical, psychosocial, and behavioral health needs of ethnic/racial minority older adult communities in the face of COVID-19 and other chronic health conditions. Using the Social Determinants Of Health framework as a guide, clinicians and researchers can work to address structural and systemic racism and poverty and create targeted interventions to COVID-19 and to prevent future pandemics. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4923 | Coping style as a predictor of the emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults with pre-existing mood disorders | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4924 | Access to Virtual Care: A New Social Determinant of Health Introduction The novel COVID-19 illness has changed the world as we know it. The public health measures to contain the highly contagious virus mostly included social distancing, wearing a mask and hand hygiene. Our conventional daily routines adapted to accommodate for the need of the hour including the health care sector, hospital systems transformed their approach to provide timely and easy access to care for patients. However, challenges to provide standard of care were anticipated as neither the hospitals nor the patients were prepared initially for this sudden transition. Virtual care has seen tremendous growth in the United States since the pandemic started in 2020, and unprecedented progress has been made in the last year to provide patients virtual care that is well incorporated with their goals, accessibility and at the same time provide quality of care. We hypothesize that geographical areas which are limited in social resources or have higher income equalities will have higher telephone virtual visit or in person visits as compared to video visits, suggesting either lack of infrastructure or digital literacy in those areas. Lack of video visits can be a barrier to standard of care particularly in behavioral health. Methods We propose a de-identified retrospective study to analyze the visit type at all behavioral health outpatient clinics from January 2020 to most recent data available. Temporal trend of visit types based on demographics, geographical location, diagnoses and sub classification of virtual visit into telephone or video visit will be analyzed. Study has been approved by institutional IRB and currently is in data analysis phase. Aim 1: To study the impact of pandemic on temporal trend of outpatient visit subtypes (in person vs virtual) in behavioral health department. Aim 2: To study the impact of pandemic on temporal trend of outpatient video visits vs telephone visits in behavioral health department. Aim 3: Analyze demographics, location and diagnoses that may be affecting the virtual visits during the pandemic. Results Currently the study is in data analysis phase and results will be availble in January 2022 Conclusions This pandemic has highlighted the vulnerability of our communities and health care systems. Tan et al in their recent study showed that the income inequality within US counties was associated with more cases and deaths due to COVID-19 in the summer months of 2020.3 Relationship between race, income inequality and social resources are complex and implicated in predicting negative outcomes regarding COVID-19. Nearly 20% of U.S. counties are disproportionately black, and they accounted for 52% of COVID-19 diagnoses and 58% of COVID-19 deaths nationally in 2020.4 With most healthcare system planning to incorporate virtual care as a standard of care, it is imperative that social determinants of health will impact access to virtual care in the imminent future and affect long term health outcomes. Additionally, access to virtual care have a complex relationship model with existing determinants but can also provide an opportunity to improve overall health by identifying limitations, populations and geographical areas which need higher level of awareness such as digital literacy or even perhaps infrastructure support to improve access to care. This research was funded by None | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4925 | COVID-19-related PTSD and the influence of social determinants of health within Hispanic communities: A case report | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4926 | Prevalence of mental health outcomes and effects of sex and mood or cognitive comorbidity in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic Introduction Older adults are at greater risk for developing severe illness from SARS-COV2 infection and may be more vulnerable to negative mental health outcomes as a result of public health guidelines that increase social isolation. In the current study, we assessed mental health outcomes in a cohort of older adults with normal cognition (NC), past history of major depressive disorder (i.e., remitted; rMDD), or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to determine the prevalence of clinically significant symptoms of depression, anxiety, general stress, and post-traumatic stress. Additionally, we assessed the effects of mood or cognitive diagnosis and sex on symptom severity. Based on the pre-pandemic literature, we predicted that the presence of rMDD or MCI diagnosis would be associated with increased severity of psychiatric symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also predicted that women would experience greater severity of psychiatric symptoms compared to men. Methods The study included 108 older adults (37 males, mean age=72.1 years) who were participating in existing longitudinal studies. The sample included 71 older adults with normal cognition (NC) based on normal neuropsychological test performance and who were free of lifetime history of psychiatric illness, 21 rMDD participants based on DSM5 criteria, and 16 MCI participants based on the presence of memory concerns, impaired performance on neuropsychological assessments, and intact functional independence. Participants completed self-report measures of depression, anxiety, and stress through video- or teleconferencing with a research assistant. Measures included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to assess depression, the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) to measure anxiety, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) to measure stress, and the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) to assess post-traumatic stress symptoms. Prevalence rates of clinically significant psychiatric symptoms were expressed as the percentage of participants with total scores that exceed the normal cut-offs for each respective measure. Separate MANOVAs were used to examine the effects of diagnosis and sex. Non-normally distributed data (PHQ-9 and PROMIS total scores) were rank-transformed and entered into MANOVA. Results Within the sample of 108 participants, 33.7% exceeded the normal cut-off on the PHQ-9, 31.3% had clinically significant anxiety symptoms on the PROMIS-Anxiety, 35.5% had clinically significant stress scores on the PSS, and 38.3% had clinically significant post-traumatic stress scores on the IES-R. MANOVA showed statistically significant effects of diagnosis on all measures: PHQ-9 [F(2,90)=5.380, p=.006], PROMIS-Anxiety [F(2,90)=11.687, p<.001], PSS [F(2,90)=8.480, p<.001], and IES-R [F(2,90)=5.027, p=.009]. MDD participants scored higher on all measures compared to NC participants: PHQ-9 (p=.005), PROMIS-Anxiety (p<.001), PSS (p<.001), and IES-R (p=.004). In addition, MCI participants scored higher on the PSS compared to NC participants (p=.035). MANOVA showed significant effects of sex on all measures: PHQ-9 [F(1,91)=7.046, p=.009], PROMIS-Anxiety [F(1,91)=8.623, p=.004], PSS [F(1,91)=12.553, p<.001], and IES-R [F(1,91)=10.529, p=.002] such that women scored higher on all measures compared to men. Conclusions Overall, over one-third of study participants reported clinically significant symptoms of depression, anxiety, general stress, and post-traumatic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. These rates are higher than those described in population studies of older adults based on anonymous online surveys, which are reported to be 24.9% for depression, 19.4% for anxiety, 10.3% for stress, and 28.3% for post-traumatic stress; but are comparable to the prevalence rates of psychiatric symptoms in the general adult population. As predicted, presence of rMDD increased the severity of all psychiatric symptoms. However, MCI was also associated with increased stress compared to those with normal cognition, despite absence of current or past psychiatric illness. These findings suggest that older adults with previous depression or current MCI, as well as women overall, are particularly vulnerable to developing clinically significant psychiatric symptomatology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Limitations of the current study are the inclusion of participants in existing studies, as opposed to sampling from the general population and the relatively small sample size. Nevertheless, the current findings suggest that some clinical populations, including those with rMDD and MCI, as well as women overall, may benefit from receiving interventions for mental health during the current and future pandemics. This research was funded by This study was funded by the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care Alternative Funding Plan. The funders had no role in the design of the study, analysis, or preparation of the manuscript. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4927 | The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Older Adults Introduction Older adults are at an increased risk of contracting illnesses during outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, they have greater vulnerability to negative mental health outcomes as a consequence of public health restrictions that contribute to social isolation. Recent reviews have focused on the mental health effects of the pandemic on patients with COVID-19, healthcare workers (HCW), and the general population. Data on mental health outcomes in geriatric populations have emerged over the last 12-18 months, but no reviews regarding the prevalences of psychiatric symptoms have yet been published. We reviewed population-based studies that focused on the development of clinically significant psychiatric symptoms in the older adult general population aged 50+ years, to yield overall prevalence rates of post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, stress, insomnia/sleep disturbances, and psychological distress symptoms in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic globally. Methods Our review was conducted based on the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist. We searched PubMed and preprint servers (https://www.medrxiv.org/) from January 1, 2020 to November 5, 2021, and conducted secondary searches using Web of Science from January 1, 2020 to November 30, 2021 and by reviewing the reference list of relevant studies. Studies were included in the review if they (i) focused on mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic; (ii) used validated measures of psychological or psychiatric symptomatology; (iii) comprised mainly of the general older adult population (aged 50 years+); and (iv) reported quantitative outcomes of prevalence (expressed as the percentage of participants exceeding the normal cut off for that measure). Excluded were (i) opinion papers or commentaries; (ii) studies that reported qualitative data; (iii) studies with samples mainly consisting of HCW, participants with confirmed or probable COVID-19 infection, hospitalized patients, or patients with a disease or condition; and (iv) clinical trials or intervention studies. To yield summary statistics, prevalence rates and sample sizes were pooled across studies. Results Thirty-eight full-text published articles met inclusion criteria. Across all studies, 41% of the participants were male, and all participants were above 50 years old. All studies employed cross-sectional designs and the majority used on-line survey tools. Specifically, 23 were on-line, 12 used telephone, 1 in-person, 1 through mail, and 1 used both on-line and telephone. 6 studies were based in North America while the remaining studies originated from across the globe (1 from Africa, 1 from Australia, 22 from Europe, 3 from Asia, 3 from South America, and 2 from a global sample). In a pooled sample size of 57,933 across all 38 studies, 28.3% experienced post-traumatic stress, 24.9% experienced depression, 19.4% experienced anxiety, 10.3% experienced stress, 44.1% experienced insomnia/sleep disturbances, and 17.0% experienced psychological distress, exceeding the normal cut-off. Conclusions Overall, nearly one-quarter, or 24%, of older adults have experienced clinically significant psychiatric symptoms in the form of post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, stress, insomnia/sleep disturbances, or psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. These rates appear lower than those of the general non-geriatric adult population based on existing studies. However, it should be noted that rates of psychiatric symptoms were established to be lower in older adults compared to their younger counterparts, even pre-pandemic. A limitation of the current literature is that the cross-sectional design of available studies does not allow us to determine whether the prevalence rates reported in older adults are increased from pre-pandemic baseline rates. Further, the reliance on online survey tools in the majority of studies may have resulted in under-reporting of psychiatric symptoms, since older adults without access to the internet may be more socially isolated during the COVID-19 pandemic than those who are able to remain in contact with family and friends using social media and video conferencing tools. Third, it should be noted that the measures employed in population studies were originally intended for screening purposes, rather than to establish a psychiatric diagnosis. Future studies comparing baseline pre-pandemic rates of psychiatric symptomatology with those following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic are needed to determine the effect of the pandemic on mental health in older adults. This research was funded by The study was funded by the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care Alternative Funding Plan. The funders had no role in the design of the study, analysis, or preparation of the manuscript. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4928 | Developing a New Suicide Risk Assessment for Virtual Encounters with Non-Clinicians Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated that many research encounters be conducted virtually. Non clinician staff (e.g. research assistants (RAs), study coordinators, or research trainees) with varying levels of clinical training and experience are typically the primary point of contact for research participants. Consequently, they are often the first to encounter suicidality. This highlights the need for robust virtual suicide risk assessment procedures that are at an appropriate level for research staff and optimized for remote clinical research visits. The current procedures for in-person visits conducted by the Geriatric Psychiatry Program at McLean Hospital require non-clinician staff to complete the full Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS) in situations of active suicidal ideation (SI) before requiring clinician notification and intervention. However, staff and clinicians both reported that the virtual visit format limited the quality of the assessment and the ability to respond rapidly in situations of passive suicidal ideation, especially when this ideation did not meet the threshold for clinician notification specified in the in-person protocol. Thus, we established the need for a specific virtual suicide risk assessment protocol. Here we present our process for needs assessment and its findings, which in turn have shaped our revised protocol. Methods We surveyed clinicians and social workers affiliated with the Geriatric Psychiatry Research Program at McLean Hospital. The first goal of this survey was to collect information on how clinicians respond to situations of suicidality during telehealth assessments, and how clinicians recommend that staff navigate these situations in a virtual research setting. The second goal was to gather qualitative data that would guide preparatory safety planning (PSP) that non-clinician staff could complete prior to research visits. Because there are no standardized instruments for the information we wanted to collect, we developed a survey based on consensus among research staff. Results Of the 19 clinicians surveyed, 11 completed the brief survey. Nine (81.8%) of the eleven clinicians that responded had needed to deal with a patient at imminent risk of suicide in any setting. Only three (27.27%) clinicians were fully comfortable using the in-person SI protocol for virtual encounters. All 11 (100%) of responding clinicians conveyed that PSP should include information on (a) the exact location of the patient's home, (b) contact information for friends and family, and (c) an assessment of firearm access. The PSP should be completed as early as feasible in the research process, prior to formal enrollment, even if there was no reason to suspect SI at the time. Additional qualitative feedback included recommendations for lowering the threshold for enacting the SOP from subjects expressing active SI to passive SI to facilitate earlier intervention. Clinicians also recommended training staff on formal assessment measures such as the combined SAFE-T (Suicide Assessment Five-step Evaluation and Triage) and CSSRS protocol in a structured interview so that they could conduct a more systematic assessment if passive SI was reported. Conclusions As more research encounters are conducted virtually, protocols designed for in-person assessment of suicide risk must be adapted. We found that the most useful addition to a virtual SI protocol may be to lower the threshold for action from active to passive SI and inclusion of PSP. Our findings also indicate that staff should be trained in standardized suicide assessment and that there should be a low threshold for conducting these assessments (i.e. passive ideation) and notifying clinicians. Our findings may be broadly generalizable to all mental health research settings that involve virtual assessment by non-clinician staff. This research was funded by This work was supported in part by an unrestricted philanthropic gift from Eric Warren Goldman to the Technology and Aging Lab at McLean Hospital | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4929 | The Impact of COVID-19 on Fellowship Training and Education: Unexpected Challenges, New Opportunities for Practice The global COVID-19 pandemic affected all facets of society, including work, education, and family life. The burden imposed on healthcare systems and healthcare workers was particularly acute. The rapid pivot to and adoption of telehealth occurred when limiting in-person care to essential interactions was the paramount focus, and the safety of patients, staff, and trainees was foremost. Although telehealth models existed before the pandemic, wide adoption of telehealth was limited owing to sundry factors, including availability of IT infrastructure and support, access, payment, and patient and provider attitudes. Similarly, use of telehealth in graduate medical education varied considerably. Explicit curricula and programmatic guidance on trainee experience and assessment, faculty supervision, and telehealth arrangements were not fully articulated. Telehealth was not seen as a primary mode of clinical training and experience. As the COVID-19 pandemic persists, the response and needs of the GME community continue to evolve to fit local circumstances. How fellowship programs adapt and what conditions are needed for optimum education and training remain to be elucidated. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4930 | Evaluating Social Connection and Well-being in an Intergenerational Telephone Visit Program during the COVID pandemic: A Pilot Study Introduction Public health recommendations during COVID-19 have resulted in greater objective social isolation among older adults, putting them at risk for loneliness, depression and worsening of age-related morbidities such as cognitive impairment and cardiovascular disease. During the pandemic, volunteer organizations, such as the Concordium Program at Harvard College, have offered friendly telephone visits to older adults in the community to relieve feelings of loneliness and to promote emotional well-being, though the acceptability and efficacy of these interventions have not been well-established. This study evaluated the methods and participant experience of a remotely-delivered intergenerational, telephone intervention for older adults living alone during the COVID-19 pandemic and assessed measures of socioemotional well-being before, during, and after the intervention. Methods We recruited nine community-dwelling adults who lived alone and endorsed loneliness through a research registry and clinic referrals. Individuals with hearing impairment were excluded. Nine undergraduates were recruited from the Harvard Concordium Program and were paired with an older adult participant based on mutual interests. Each dyad engaged in 8 weekly, 30 minute, unscripted telephone conversations. Each member of the pair answered online questionnaires at weeks 0 (pre), 4 (mid), and 8 (post) designed to assess loneliness (PROMIS Social Isolation Scale [PROMS]) and other aspects of psychological well-being (San Diego Wisdom Scale [SDW], Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale [BADS], Positive Affect and Well-Being Scale [PAWB], Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]). After completing all visits, older and younger adult participants responded to qualitative questions to evaluate the experience of the friendly visits through content analysis. Results From March to August 2021, 18 participants were enrolled, 9 of whom were older adults (mean age 74.53 [70-84], 88% women), 13 completed the study, and five dropped out. Among older adults who completed, numerical scores for loneliness, stress, and behavioral activation changed in an improved direction. Pre- and post-study mean scores and baseline standard deviation for older adults who completed are reported: PROMS (x¯=31.7, 27.7; sd=5.06), BADS (x¯=27.6, 35.1; sd=13.11) PAWB (x¯=33.4, 33.0; sd=5.51), PSS (x¯=14.4, 13.9; sd=4.35), SDW (x¯=83.6, 81.9; sd=4.72). Conclusions Preliminary quantitative results point to possible improvements in loneliness, behavioral activation and perceived stress, though limited by low statistical power. Findings from this study will inform methods to optimize recruitment, improve implementation, and assess the effectiveness of friendly telephone visits to enhance social connection between younger and older adults in clinical and community settings. This research was funded by Brigham and Women's Hospital COVID Relief Fund | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4931 | Vulnerable Elders, Social Determinants and COVID-19: A perfect storm The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to an even more glaring spotlight the impact of social determinants of health on the medical and psychiatric morbidity and mortality outcomes from the infection in individuals both in the US and globally. Social determinants of health (SDOH) impact health outcomes for both medical and psychiatric disorders (Compton and Shim 2015). . In this session, we will begin with a vignette presented by Dr. Ahmed that illustrates this phenomenon. Dr. Trinh will then facilitate group discussions of the case. We will transition to an overview of SDOH led by Emily Tan, in which she will discuss how social determinants implicated in poor medical and mental health outcomes include being part of a disadvantaged minority or immigrant group or other marginalized population, experiencing systemic and structural racism, poverty, living environment (including crowding, pollution, and climate change), and having limited access to healthcare. Dr. Trinh will then present on the ways SDOH can increase the likelihood of numerous mental health concerns, including dementia, depression, suicide, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorder– all of which themselves have been identified as risk factors in contracting and experiencing poorer outcomes from COVID-19 infection. Dr. Nix will discuss how the intersectionality of older age, SDOH, and COVID-19 has led to a perfect storm of widespread devastation from the COVID-19 pandemic, impacting medical comorbidity and mortality. Three groups in particular have disproportionately suffered this health burden: (1) ethnic/racial minorities; (2) the socio-economically disadvantaged; and (3) the elderly, especially those living in residential care homes and nursing homes (Ali, Asaria, and Stranges, 2020). We will wrap up the session with a presentation from Dr. Ahmed on lessons learned from the pandemic and future directions, with a focus on how we can support elders and those affected by SDOH. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4932 | Impact of Isolation During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Non-motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A PMD Alliance Survey | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4933 | Addressing Disparities in Geropsychiatry Education: Lessons Learned from 2020 With the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, numerous disparities in both geriatric mental health care and geriatric mental health education emerged as challenges for medical educators. Many of these disparities were known prior to the onset of pandemic, including unequal access to geriatric psychiatry educators and clinical experts across the country, as well as limited opportunities for clinical experiences in geriatric psychiatry for medical students and residents. Indeed, the Institute of Medicine Report of 2012, “In Whose Hands: The Mental Health and Substance Use Workforce for Older Adults”, had identified the current and projected gaps in geriatric mental health training to meet the needs of an aging population. Since 2020, additional gaps and disparities have been recognized that adversely affect the ability to adequately develop and train the next generation of geriatric psychiatrists, as well as geriatrics-informed general psychiatrists and primary care physicians. The year 2020 also brought to the fore, issues of racism and ageism, both of which may not have been adequately addressed before in geropsychiatry education. Yet, racism and ageism are both now more clearly understood as key factors affecting the lives of elders and adding to disparities in geriatric mental health care. At the same time, the challenges of the pandemic led to new innovations in both the delivery of geropsychiatry education and the content of the education strategies that will help to mitigate disparities for patients and trainees. This symposium will address 3 key areas related to disparities in geropsychiatric education and will share important insights that should inform future approaches to geropsychiatry education. Dr. Susan W. Lehmann will present on: “’In Whose Hands?’: Where are we today?” In her talk, Dr. Lehmann will discuss the 2012 Institute of Medicine Report that described the deficiencies and disparities in geriatric mental health education identified in 2012, and she will provide an update 10 years later about what has changed since the report, and what remains to be done. She will specifically talk about geographic disparities in opportunities for training and the impact of these disparities on the mental health care of older adults. Dr. Lehmann will discuss the need for professional organizations to focus on national approaches to advocacy and change. Dr. Kirsten Wilkins will present on: “Challenges and Opportunities: Preparing the Next Generation of Geropsychiatry Trainees”. In her talk, Dr. Wilkins will discuss disparities in health care that were exposed by the Covid-19 pandemic and which negatively impact geropsychiatry education. She will address the clinical care training challenges presented by unequal access to telemedicine for elders, as well as the challenges of incorporating virtual care into the geropsychiatry curriculum for trainees. Dr. Wilkins will also address the national reckoning on race and racism that emerged during 2020 and its impact on older adults and the learning environment for geropsychiatry trainees. She will discuss the implications for geropsychiatry educators in preparing trainees to be leaders in eliminating the deleterious effects of racism and ageism for older adults. Dr. Michelle Conroy will present on: “Innovations and opportunities within geriatric psychiatry education: lessons learned from the COVID-19” pandemic. She will discuss innovations in geropsychiatry education that were developed during the Covid-19 pandemic in response to identified disparities, and lessons learned for educators that should continue into the future. In particular, she will describe a number of successful new outreach programs, didactics, and educational products developed by geropsychiatry educators in AAGP. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4934 | Vorwort der Herausgeber | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4935 | Security methods for AI based COVID-19 analysis system: A survey Rapid progress and widespread outbreak of COVID-19 have caused devastating influence on the health systems all around the world. The importance of countermeasures to tackle this problem lead to widespread use of Computer Aided Diagnosis (CADs) applications using deep neural networks. The unprecedented success of machine learning techniques, especially deep learning networks in medical images, have led to their recent prominence in improving efficient diagnosis of COVID-19 with increased detection accuracy. However, recent studies in the field of security of AI-based systems revealed that these deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Adversarial examples generated by attack algorithms are not recognizable by the human eye and can easily deceive the state-of-the-art deep learning models, therefore they threaten security-critical learning applications. In this paper, the methodology, results and concerns of recent works on robustness of AI based COVID-19 systems are summarized and discussed. We explore important security concerns related to deep neural networks and review current state-of-the-art defense methods to prevent performance degradation. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4936 | Effect of OSLM features and gamification motivators on motivation in DGBL: pupils' viewpoint The primary question of this study is whether OLM and OSLM mechanisms, when used in a digital game, offer higher motivation. Furthermore, the study investigates whether a game’s aesthetics and mechanics support players’ intrinsic motivation. Both claims are tested through the design, implementation and pilot use of the Multiplication Game (MG). MG is a digital learning activity that supports pupils in achieving multiplication competence and provides teacher a dashboard to assess and watch own pupils’ performance. The game enriched with gamification elements to engage and motivate participants. Three versions of the game were used by pupils: without any Open Learner Modeling (OLM) support (i.e. without providing access to own progress data), with OLM support and with Open Social Learner Modeling (OSLM) support, to investigate the difference in motivation among these characteristics. After using the MG for a 2-month period, pupils answered a questionnaire anonymously to express their opinion about MG mechanics, MG aesthetics and intrinsic motivation MG can offer. Furthermore, the corresponding teachers were interviewed to provide insights on their attitude towards MG and its functionalities. A statistically significant difference in Intrinsic Motivation (IM) between the three different MG versions was found and a statistically significant difference in MG Aesthetics and Mechanics between the different grades of primary school. Additionally, Intrinsic Motivation was positively correlated with gamification motivators and MG Aesthetics. Participating teachers stated that MG can improve pupils’ multiplication competence and it is worthy of a stable place in the instructional procedure, as it is a means of pupils’ progress tracking and (self-) assessment, as well as a fun way of practicing and developing multiplication skills. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4937 | Trade Specialisation and Changing Patterns of Comparative Advantages in Manufactured Goods Starting from the late 1950s, mainly as a reaction to Leontief’s paradoxical results, a large amount of research has underlined the great importance of technology and human capital in explaining international trade in manufactures. This study examines the patterns of comparative advantages for 42 countries and 91 manufactured classes of final and intermediate products and their changes between 2001 and 2019. The dynamics and the effects of the international fragmentation of production processes are also considered. Comparative advantages in each class of products are related to three different measures of a country’s human capital or technology endowment: the cost of labour, the level of formal education and the number of patents per capita. An indicator of home market size enters the model as a control variable. The econometric analysis reveals that in 2019, human capital or technology endowments explain comparative advantages in 70 out of 91 products. In particular, 31 products are positively and significantly associated with at least 1 of the 3 human capital or technology indicators, 34 products are negatively and significantly linked to at least 1 indicator, 5 products show contrasting results, 21 products are not related to any human capital or technology indicator. Between 2001 and 2019, comparative advantages for 15 classes of products shifted towards lower-technology countries and for 18 productions towards higher-technology countries. There were no shifts for 51 products. From a policy perspective, the distinction between high and low-technology productions could have some interesting implications. Since high-technology productions are characterised by a higher learning-by-doing rate, governments should foster domestic firms to upgrade the human capital or technology intensity of their productions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40797-022-00185-4. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4938 | Improving quality of abdominal sonography in pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 | Clin Radiol | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4939 | The COVID-19 Pandemic-A Cause for Late Presentation of Sarcoma Patients? | Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4940 | Rapid Adaptation of Acute Oncology Services in One of the UK's Largest NHS Foundation Trusts; Responding to COVID-19 and Beyond | Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4941 | The Power of Prevention: Prevention and Preparedness in Public Health | Am J Prev Med | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4942 | Clonal heterogeneity by fluorescence in situ hybridization in multiple myeloma: enhanced cytogenetic risk stratification BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells that accumulate in bone marrow, leading to bone destruction and marrow failure. Cytogenetic analysis is a challenge in MM because of the low mitotic activity and the rapid loss of plasma cells viability in bone marrow culture. Adding mitogens such as interleukin 6 (IL6) is known to promote the in vitro growth of myeloma cell lines and enhance the fluorescence in situ hybridization application. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic impact of cytogenetic abnormalities detected by enhanced interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) technique in Egyptian MM patients. RESULTS: Patients who had hyperdiploidy significantly presented with higher Hb level and lower calcium levels compared to non-hyperdiploid patients. They were staged as stage I and II by International staging system (ISS) and considered as standard risk showing better response to treatment. On the contrary, features associated with a worse outcome were patients having del 17p and those belonged to intermediate and high risk groups. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, adding interleukin 6 to MM cell culture promotes the in vitro growth of myeloma cells and enhances the successful application of FISH technique. A comprehensive FISH probe set investigating high, intermediate and low-risk cytogenetic abnormalities is needed for accurate risk stratification. Hyperdiploid-myeloma is a favorable risk genetic subtype of MM associated with rapid response to therapy compared to patients having del 17p, t(4;14), and other 14q rearrangements rather than t(11;14) and t(6;14). | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4943 | COVID-19 induced negative emotions and the impacts on personal values and travel behaviors: A threat appraisal perspective Based on the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), this paper aims to examine the role of negative emotions and their impacts on personal value orientations and protective travel behaviors during COVID-19. Data were collected among Chinese Generation Z who have shared the cataclysmic experience of COVID-19 in their formative years. A multimethod approach was adopted with focus group discussions to explore prominent changes in personal values during COVID-19, followed by a quantitative study. The serial mediation analysis supported the sequential internalization of negative emotions and personal values induced from COVID-19 threat appraisals, which in combination, imposed indirect effects on travel avoidance behavior. An extended model suggested that fear is positively related to the values of altruism and hedonism, while mild negative emotions are associated with target orientation. Altruism was found to enhance travel avoidance propensity while target orientation attenuated such propensity. The findings shed light for both academia and the industry. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4944 | Impact of Covid-19 containment measures on trade Combining Spanish firm-level monthly trade data with country-level Covid-19 containment measures over February–July 2020, we show that the value of exports decreased more in destinations that introduced strict containment measures, whereas the value of imports remained unaffected. Strict containment measures in a partner country increased the probability of a firm ceasing to trade with it. Negative effects were concentrated between March and May 2020. The detrimental effect of containment on exports was larger in destinations where the share of jobs that could be done remotely was low, for goods consumed outside the household, for wholesalers and retailers, and for manufacturers not participating in global value chains. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4945 | Personal, social and environmental correlates of physical activity and sport participation in an adolescent Turkish population BACKGROUND: Benefits of physical activity has been shown for adolescents; however, there is a decline trend in number of adolescents meeting current WHO recommendations. This trend underlines the importance of identifying factors associated with adolescents’ physical activity level (PAL) with considerations of regional and cultural differences to plan and implement effective policies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine personal, ecological, and social factors associated with PAL and sport participation in Turkish adolescents aged 11–14 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted by including 996 adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years from 39 secondary schools in İstanbul, Turkey. Logistic regression analyses performed to identify the significant personal (age, gender, sleep time, screen time, BMIz score, having siblings), ecological (presence of playground, type of school transportation), and social (family income, engaging a physical activity with family, and preferred activity at school breaks) predictors of PAL and sport participation. RESULTS: Adolescents who were active during break time at school (p < 0.001), engaging a physical activity with family (p < 0.001), and did not have a sibling (p = 0.029) were more likely to be physically active. Adolescents behaved active during break time at school (p < 0.001), had a playground at home (p < 0.001), spending time with family for physical activity (p < 0.001), and did not have a sibling (p = 0.021) were more likely to participate in a sport activity. CONCLUSIONS: Predictors of PAL in this study indicates the need to promote active break time in school, increased physical activity time with family, and to design environmental policies to increase number of playgrounds. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43161-022-00070-2. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4946 | Höchste Zeit für agile Commercial Excellence | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4947 | Neues zu Tocilizumab bei COVID-19 | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4948 | Therapeutische Heparin-Antikoagulation bei nicht kritisch Kranken mit COVID-19 vorteilhaft | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4949 | Novel deep learning approach to model and predict the spread of COVID-19 SARS-CoV2, which causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is continuing to spread globally, producing new variants and has become a pandemic. People have lost their lives not only due to the virus but also because of the lack of counter measures in place. Given the increasing caseload and uncertainty of spread, there is an urgent need to develop robust artificial intelligence techniques to predict the spread of COVID-19. In this paper, we propose a deep learning technique, called Deep Sequential Prediction Model (DSPM) and machine learning based Non-parametric Regression Model (NRM) to predict the spread of COVID-19. Our proposed models are trained and tested on publicly available novel coronavirus dataset. The proposed models are evaluated by using Mean Absolute Error and compared with the existing methods for the prediction of the spread of COVID-19. Our experimental results demonstrate the superior prediction performance of the proposed models. The proposed DSPM and NRM achieve MAEs of 388.43 (error rate 1.6%) and 142.23 (0.6%), respectively compared to 6508.22 (27%) achieved by baseline SVM, 891.13 (9.2%) by Time-Series Model (TSM), 615.25 (7.4%) by LSTM-based Data-Driven Estimation Method (DDEM) and 929.72 (8.1%) by Maximum-Hasting Estimation Method (MHEM). | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4950 | Three-Inflated Poisson Distribution and its Application in Suicide Cases of India During Covid-19 Pandemic Inflated models are generally used whenever there is an excess number of frequencies at particular count. In this study, a three-inflated Poisson (ThIP) distribution is proposed by mixing the Poisson distribution and a distribution to a point mass at three. Some of its distribution properties and reliability characteristics are studied. A simulation study is carried out to see the performance of the MLEs. In India Covid-19 implications on mental health have been abysmal. Covid-19 related suicide data of India during lockdown to the first gradual relaxation of the terms of the total lockdown (unlocking 1.0) are used to examine the appropriateness of the proposed distribution. Likelihood ratio test is used for discriminating between Poisson and the proposed distribution. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 |
(1) COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). 2020. Version 2022-06-02. Retrieved from https://ai2-semanticscholar-cord-19.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/historical_releases.html. Accessed 2022-06-05. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3715506
(2) Chen Q, Allot A, & Lu Z. (2020) Keep up with the latest coronavirus research, Nature 579:193 and Chen Q, Allot A, Lu Z. LitCovid: an open database of COVID-19 literature. Nucleic Acids Research. 2020. (version 2023-01-10)
(3) Currently tweets of June 23rd to June 29th 2022 have been considered.