| Title | Venue | Year | Impact | Source |
| 4601 | PEG placements during the COVID-19 pandemic An audit of the procedures performed by a single consultant operator at a tertiary teaching hospital | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4602 | An evaluation of nutritional status and specific nutritional issues during a rehabilitation period post-COVID-19 infection | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4603 | Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in critically-ill COVID-19 patients | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4604 | Critical care dietetic outcomes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4605 | Assessing the relationship between malnutrition and length of stay in the hospital in patients with COVID-19 | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4606 | The challenge of meeting protein requirements in critically ill patients in the COVID era | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4607 | Analysis of nutrition support in COVID-19 critical care patients | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4608 | Characteristics and nutritional outcomes of patients recovering from COVID-19 infection post intensive care admission | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4609 | Dietetic-led critical care nutrition interventions provided to critically ill patients with COVID-19 in a large London teaching hospital from March 2020 to April 2021 | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4610 | Critically ill patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 better achieve energy and protein targets with a high-energy, high-protein peptide-based enteral tube feed; insights from a multicenter clinical audit performed during the COVID-19 pandemic | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4611 | Nasogastric tube never events during the Covid-19 crisis in the UK; fewer than predicted | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4612 | Nutritional support for patients recovering from Covid-19: A consensus process with health and social care sector and patient representatives | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4613 | Assessment of macronutrient intake in subjects with mild to moderate pneumonia due to Covid 19 classified based on their nutritional status | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4614 | Malnutrition risk and the need for dietetic intervention post-COVID-19 infection on a care of the elderly rehab ward | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4615 | COVID-19 management in a UK Tertiary Centre Intensive Care Unit: Nutritional status, intervention and outcome | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4616 | The use of technology to aid the formation of home parenteral nutrition contingency prescriptions | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4617 | Supporting the NHS during the Covid-19 pandemic to reduce hospital admissions and reducing the risk of Covid-19 infections between nurses and patients | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4618 | Impact of implementing a Rapid Access Dietetic Service to Care homes during COVID-19 | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4619 | Reducing COVID-19 risk by optimising delivery frequency of home parenteral nutrition | Clin Nutr ESPEN | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4620 | Marginalized and Misunderstood: How Anti-Rohingya Language Policies Fuel Genocide Language plays a role in the genocide of the Rohingya people in Myanmar and continues to shape their experiences in displacement, yet their linguistic rights are rarely discussed in relation to their human rights and humanitarian concerns. International human rights standards offer important foundations for conceptualizing the “right to language” and identifying how linguistic rights can be violated both in situ and in displacement. The Rohingya case highlights how language policies are weaponized to oppress unwanted minorities; their outsider status is reinforced by the country’s language education policy and they face additional rights challenges in displacement—including obstacles to effectively accessing humanitarian aid. Moving forward, norms associated with self-determination and language rights offer a conceptual foundation for shifting attitudes and altering negative perceptions of Rohingya identity. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4621 | Covid-19 Travel Planner Mobile Application Design with Lean Product Process Framework Our travel planner mobile application was designed to fit the traveling post to COVID-19 outbreak following the lean product process principle. We intend to develop a travel application that brings back the joy of traveling. The objective of this study is to design a travel planner application that satisfies the user’s needs. In the first stage of the lean product process, we first determine our target customer by interviewing eight millennials. Once the persona was clarified, we explored the problem space, identified underserved customer needs, and prioritized those needs. The features with high importance but were underserved are COVID-19 guideline information, place recommendation, route optimization, and price comparison, which we believe could offer excellent opportunities to create customer value. The value proposition and feature set were also identified before creating the first MVP prototype. The detailed navigation flow and interactive MVP prototype were created and then tested with users. As a result, in the last iteration of usability testing, the value rating was increased from 6 to 9, and the ease of use rating was increased from 6 to 8 compared to the first rounds. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4622 | Vaccination against all odds in Brazil | Lancet Child Adolesc Health | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4623 | Prevalence and Predictors of Intention to be Vaccinated Against COVID-19 in Thirteen Latin American and Caribbean Countries The presence of a significant number of people who do not intend to be vaccinated could negatively impact efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study sought to determine the prevalence of intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and associated sociodemographic and psychosocial factors in thirteen countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). A total of 5510 people from 13 LAC countries participated. Frequencies, percentages, bivariate analyses using chi-square tests, and Poisson regression analysis with robust variance were used. The countries with the highest prevalence of intention to be vaccinated were Brazil (96.94%), Cuba (89.59%), Chile (84.59%), and Mexico (78.33%). On the other hand, the countries with the lowest prevalence were El Salvador (54.01%), Paraguay (55.87%), and Uruguay (56.40%). Prevalence is also reported according to some sociodemographic and health variables. It was found that country, male sex, hours exposed to information about COVID-19, university education, living in an urban area, belief in the animal origin of the virus, perceived likelihood of contracting COVID-19, perceived severity of COVID-19, and concern about infecting others significantly predicted intention to be vaccinated in the 13 LAC countries. While most countries had a high prevalence of intention to be vaccinated, there are still subgroups that have levels of intention that may be insufficient to predict the presence of community immunity. In this sense, knowing the estimates of vaccination intention rates, as well as the associated sociodemographic and psychological factors, can be used to plan actions and interventions that will inform about the safety and benefits of vaccines, as well as strengthen trust in health authorities. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4624 | Factor Structure and Gender Invariance of the Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) in Middle School Students Given the potential short and long-term consequences of math anxiety in children and adolescents, it is important to have psychometrically sound measures that assess math anxiety in this population. The purpose of the current study was to examine the factor structure and equivalence of the factor structure of the Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) in middle school girls and boys. Participants were 604 children recruited from two middle schools in Texas. A single-factor, two-factor, and bifactor model were tested using a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). A Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) was used to investigate whether the AMAS demonstrated measurement invariance across the sample of middle school girls and boys. The bifactor model provided an excellent fit and the best fit of the three models tested (CFI = .99, TLI = .99, SRMR = .02, RMSEA = .03). Results of the MGCFA supported configural, metric, and scalar invariance of the AMAS across middle school boys and girls. These results suggest that the AMAS demonstrates strong factorial invariance across gender for middle school students and can be used to assess potential differences in math anxiety between middle school girls and boys in an unbiased manner. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4625 | Monitoring the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on climate change and the environment on Egypt using Sentinel-5P Images and the Carbon footprint methodology The main objective of this study is to monitor the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which appeared in December 2019 and was declared by the World Health Organization as a global pandemic on March 11, 2020, on climate change and the environment through such measures as imposing a partial curfew and maintaining social distance measures, as well as the suspension of aviation and lowering the electricity consumption for the in-site work sectors in Egypt. These measures hindered the rates of people's movements. These events have resulted in a decrease of Greenhouse Gas emissions and air pollutants, which have improved the environmental conditions and promoted the reduction of the causes of climate change in Egypt. The study depends on analyzing Remote sensing products “Sentinel-5P images” to monitor the change in the air pollutants of the Greater Cairo Region (GCR) before, during, and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also depends on using the methodology of the Carbon footprint, according to the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC), for determining the size of the GHGs emissions avoided, as a result of the curfew in Egypt during the period from January to August 2020 compared to the same in 2019. The study deduces that the partial curfew and social distance measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic reduced GHGs emissions in Egypt by about 15% and about 17% for NO2 emissions in GCR, 15.6%for SO2, and about 7.7% for the CO emissions, compared to the same in 2019. | N/A | 2021 | | CORD-19 |
| 4626 | Characterizing Organizational Lifecycle through Strategic and Structural Flexibility: Insights from MSMEs in Mexico Today’s lifespan of companies tends to be low in the so-called micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). Organizational life cycle (OLC) theory indicates that organizational aging is related, but not determined, by the firm chronological age or its size. Therefore, a firm’s aging should be analyzed by other factors such as flexibility. The literature considers flexibility as an essential capability, a source of competitive advantage, and an enabler of long-term growth for MSMEs. However, little attention in emerging economies has been paid to examine the nuances of this concept in relation to the OLC in this type of companies. Additionally, studies tend to analyze flexibility as a general term, ignoring that it is a polymorphic concept. That is why there is a need to research the different categories of flexibility. Drawing on a quantitative approach conducting a factor analysis, a two-step cluster, and decision tree analysis to interrogate data from 257 MSMEs in Mexico, this study provides evidence of different dimensions of strategic and structural flexibility that help to characterize and predict the growth, maturity, and declining stages of MSMEs. Our results show that mature firms present more strategic and structural flexible characteristics than those involved in growth or decline stages. The flexible factors that help classify and predict an MSME in the maturity stage include open communication, decentralized decision making, and formalization. We provide a model with these results to illuminate unaddressed issues regarding the broad term of flexibility and its relationship to OLC. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4627 | Steven Nadler and Lawrence Shapiro, When Bad Thinking Happens to Good People: Princeton University Press, 2021, 240 pp., ISBN: 978-0691212760 | Society | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4628 | „Beteiligt uns an Entscheidungen": Eine Lehre aus der Pandemie: junge Menschen brauchen mehr Mitsprache Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Situation von Kindern und Jugendlichen während der Pandemie und zieht daraus Rückschlüsse, wie Kinder- und Jugendpolitik künftig gestaltet werden muss. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4629 | Wie geht es jungen Hess_innen während der Pandemie?: Einblicke in Lebensrealitäten junger Menschen Der Beitrag bietet einen Einblick in die hessische Auswertung der JuCo-II-Studie. Dazu werden exemplarisch sechs junge Hessinnen und Hessen und ihre Lebenssituationen während der Pandemie kurz vorgestellt. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4630 | Modeling Hybrid Feature-Based Phishing Websites Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques In this paper, we mainly present a machine learning based approach to detect real-time phishing websites by taking into account URL and hyperlink based hybrid features to achieve high accuracy without relying on any third-party systems. In phishing, the attackers typically try to deceive internet users by masking a webpage as an official genuine webpage to steal sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, social security numbers, credit card information, etc. Anti-phishing solutions like blacklist or whitelist, heuristic, and visual similarity based methods cannot detect zero-hour phishing attacks or brand-new websites. Moreover, earlier approaches are complex and unsuitable for real-time environments due to the dependency on third-party sources, such as a search engine. Hence, detecting recently developed phishing websites in a real-time environment is a great challenge in the domain of cybersecurity. To overcome these problems, this paper proposes a hybrid feature based anti-phishing strategy that extracts features from URL and hyperlink information of client-side only. We also develop a new dataset for the purpose of conducting experiments using popular machine learning classification techniques. Our experimental result shows that the proposed phishing detection approach is more effective having higher detection accuracy of 99.17% with the XG Boost technique than traditional approaches. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4631 | Intra-protein interactions of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS: a bioinformatic analysis for plausible explanation regarding stability, divergency and severity The current nightmare for the whole world is COVID-19. The occurrence of concentrated pneumonia cases in Wuhan city, Hubei province of China, was first reported on December 30, 2019. SARS-CoV first disclosed in 2002 but had not outspread worldwide. After 18 years, in 2020, it reemerged and outspread worldwide as SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), as the most dangerous virus-creating disease in the world. Is it possible to create a favorable evolution within the short time (18 years)? If possible, then what are those properties or factors that are changed in SARS-CoV-2 to make it undefeated? What are the fundamental differences between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS? The study is one of the initiatives to find out all those queries. Here, four types of protein sequences from SARS-CoV-2 and SARS were retrieved from the database to study their physicochemical and structural properties. Results showed that charged residues are playing a pivotal role in SARS-CoV-2 evolution and contribute to the helix stabilization. The formation of the cyclic salt bridge and other intra-protein interactions specially network aromatic–aromatic interaction also play the crucial role in SAS-CoV-2. This comparative study will help to understand the evolution from SARS to SARS-CoV-2 and helpful in protein engineering. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4632 | The Self-Appraisal of Masking Instrument We explore mask-wearing behavior during the coronavirus pandemic using the Self-Appraisal of Masking Instrument (SAMI). We situate this survey-based instrument within a theory in which the decision to mask reflects social identity, an associated identity standard, and appraisals that generate feelings about oneself. Analyses of SAMI’s empirical properties reveal that masking-specific emotional reactions are distinct from emotional reports related to current events and politics (discriminant validity). We also uncover evidence of predictive validity: expressed feelings about masking predict future voting more than 6 months later. We recommend SAMI to researchers interested in studying mask resistance in an increasingly polarized political climate, and the intuition behind SAMI could prove useful in other research contexts in which health decisions reflect a conscious comparison to standards held by those who share an identity or will otherwise pass judgment. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42409-022-00032-3. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4633 | Analyzing Socio-Metabolic Vulnerability: Evidence from the Comoros Archipelago Small island developing states are often characterized as vulnerable owing to their unique geographies of smallness and remoteness, resource insecurity, and more recently from the impacts of climate change. These vulnerabilities are often manifested in resource insecurity, significant imports, poor waste management, and the inability to develop economies of scale. In effect, sustaining small islands in an era of global environmental change is a task both scholars and policy makers are increasingly grappling with. Can small islands be sustainable? This research examines the social metabolism of an island system, and introduces the concept of “socio-metabolic vulnerability”. As such, this research provides novel insights into the linkages between patterns of resource-use, systemic risks and vulnerability. Results from a local material and energy flow analysis (local-MEFA) for the island of Ndzuwani (Comoros) suggest a very low level of resource-use but at the same time heavy reliance on critical imports that cover vast distances, that are vulnerable to price and climate shocks. Informal activities in resource extraction play an important role in lending both vulnerability and resilience to Ndzuwani. This study adds to the scarce body of literature that argues that small island economies would need to leverage resource-use patterns to build system resilience, along with bold policies and institutions that support material circularity, engage communities and fosters frugal innovation. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4634 | Transient otoacoustic emissions with contralateral suppression findings in COVID-19 patients OBJECTIVE: The virus called SARS-CoV-2, which is known as the first epidemic of the twenty-first century, is known to affect the central and peripheral nervous system. In the literature, complaints of sudden hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo have been reported in the patients. The aim of this study is to objectively reveal the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 on the efferent auditory system. METHODS: Twenty-three participants, who had the coronavirus disease 2019, were included in the study group, while 20 healthy participants were included in the control group. The test of transient otoacoustic emissions with contralateral suppression was applied to individuals who had normal audiological and immitansmetric evaluations findings. RESULTS: In audiological evaluation, a significant difference was observed between the groups in the 125–500 Hz low frequency range and 4 kHz–12.5 kHz high frequency range. In the test of TEOAE and TEOAE with contralateral suppression, a significant difference was observed between the groups at 4 kHz. CONCLUSION: The effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 on the peripheral hearing system has been shown. Its effect on the efferent hearing system in the high frequency region has been revealed. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43163-022-00231-z. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4635 | Martha Chen and Françoise Carré (eds.): The Informal Economy Revisited: Examining the Past, Envisioning the Future, 2020 | Indian J Labour Econ | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4636 | University students' satisfaction and future outlook towards forced remote learning during a global pandemic Technology has enabled the higher education ecosystem to tailor to the students who have diverse needs and to engage with them remotely, especially when face-to-face interaction is not possible. This research contributes knowledge in forced remote learning during the unprecedented global pandemic situation of Covid-19. Using a cross-sectional quantitative method, a total of 480 respondents among undergraduate students from five private universities in Malaysia participated in this study. The data was analysed using structural equation modelling and results indicated that online feedback, online future relevance, online interaction, online teaching effectiveness, and personal well-being were statistically significant in influencing students’ satisfaction. Moreover, online learning satisfaction directly predicted 68.3% of the students’ continuous usage intention while their usage intention was heightened with higher levels of proficiency in online learning. Students’ satisfaction was found to be a significant mediator between all the factors towards usage intention except online assessment, online support, and personal well-being. This study provides the higher education institutions with insights to continuously improve their online delivery strategies and bridge the gap with their students during the pandemic crisis. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4637 | Hybrid stacked ensemble combined with genetic algorithms for diabetes prediction Diabetes is currently one of the most common, dangerous, and costly diseases globally caused by increased blood sugar or a decrease in insulin in the body. Diabetes can have detrimental effects on people’s health if diagnosed late. Today, diabetes has become one of the challenges for health and government officials. Prevention is a priority, and taking care of people’s health without compromising their comfort is an essential need. In this study, the ensemble training methodology based on genetic algorithms was used to diagnose and predict the outcomes of diabetes mellitus accurately. This study uses the experimental data, actual data on Indian diabetics on the University of California website. Current developments in ICT, such as the Internet of Things, machine learning, and data mining, allow us to provide health strategies with more intelligent capabilities to accurately predict the outcomes of the disease in daily life and the hospital and prevent the progression of this disease and its many complications. The results show the high performance of the proposed method in diagnosing the disease, which has reached 98.8%, and 99% accuracy in this study. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4638 | Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis score in patients with COVID-19 as predictors of adverse clinical outcomes: an artificial intelligent application through machine learning Introduction and aims. Patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) appear to be at higher risk for severe manifestations like acute respiratory distress syndrome, especially in the youngest decades. Our aim was to examine whether patients with imaging-defined MAFLD and/or with increased non-invasive liver fibrosis scores (FIB-4) are at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19, using a machine learning model. Methods. In this retrospective cohort study, we included 672 patients admitted for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia between February the 28th 2020 and May the 1st 2021. Hepatic steatosis was detected by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT), whereas FIB-4 score was used to define the risk of advanced liver fibrosis. We used a machine learning (ML) model to evaluate the risks of both in-hospital death and prolonged hospitalizations (>28 days), considering MAFLD, a set of blood tests (hepatic profile;HP), and the FIB-4 score, either separately and together. Results. Three hundred-thirty-three (49.6% of total) had imaging-defined MAFLD. The accuracy in predicting in-hospital death in the whole sample was 0.709 for the HP alone, and 0.721 for HP+FIB-4 combined together;in the 55-to-75 age subgroup, the accuracies were respectively 0.842 and 0.855 for HP alone and HP+FIB-4 together. In the MAFLD subgroup, the accuracy in predicting death was 0.739 considering HP alone, and 0.772 when considering HP+FIB-4 together;whereas in the MAFLD 55-to-75 years cohort, the accuracies were respectively 0.825 for HP and 0.833 for HP+FIB-4. Similar results were obtained both in the entire cohort and in MAFLD patients when considering the accuracy in predicting prolonged hospitalization (>28 days). Conclusions. In our cohort of COVID-19 patients, the presence of a worse HP and a higher FIB-4 correlated with a higher risk of death and prolonged hospitalization, regardless of the presence of MAFLD. These findings could improve the clinical risk stratification of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. | Dig Liver Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4639 | Expert consensus criteria and practical recommendations for pbc care in the covid-19 era and beyond | Dig Liver Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4640 | Implementation of hcv screening in the 1969-1989 birth-cohort undergoing covid-19 vaccination: a pivotal study in Italy | Dig Liver Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4641 | Clinical features of patients with new onset of autoimmune hepatitis following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination Introduction: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a relatively rare chronic immune-mediated liver disease, which develops in genetically predisposed individuals following an environmental trigger. A few cases of AIH have been recently reported after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Aims: The aim of this study was to describe clinical-epidemiological profile of a series of adult patients who experienced AIH onset following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Materials and Methods: This multicentric observational study collected clinical data of adult patients who had received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and thereafter were diagnosed with AIH between 03/2021 and 10/2021 in Italy, using an online survey among members of the Italian Association for the study of the Liver (AISF). Results: Among the 12 patients included: 50% were females, median age 62 years (range 32-80), 6 (50%) had preexisting extrahepatic autoimmune disease (3 thyroiditis, 2 rheumatoid arthritis, 1 systemic lupus erythematosus), 7 patients have received Comirnaty (BioNTech/Pfizer) vaccine, 2 Spikevax (Moderna Biotech) and 3 Vaxzevria (AstraZeneca). Ten patients (83%) had acute onset of AIH with transaminase levels ≥10 times the upper limit of normal (ULN, range 13-77 x ULN), 8 (67%) with jaundice (total bilirubin 3.5-18.6 x ULN). At AIH diagnosis (median time from first and second vaccine dose: 48 and 10 days, respectively) median AST was 18 x ULN (range 5-85), ALT 23.8 x ULN (range 7-83), total bilirubin 3.8 x ULN (range 0.6-18.6), alkaline phosphatase 1.3 x ULN (range 0.8-7.1), immunoglobulin G 1.2 x ULN (median 0.8-1.5). Eight (67%) patients had autoantibodies: 6 ANA, 1 SMA, 1 LKM-1. Liver biopsy was typical for AIH in 8 and compatible in 3 patients. After 3 months 58% achieved complete biochemical response to standard immunosuppressive treatment. Conclusion: While intensive vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 continues, the diagnosis of AIH secondary to vaccines should be included in the differential diagnosis in cases of acute hepatitis of unexplained aetiology. | Dig Liver Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4642 | Impact of deterioration of lifestyle and PNPLA3 genotype in NALFD patients during COVID-19 lockdown Introduction:Although quarantine measures have been effective in preventing the spread of SARS-COV2 infection, they have limited physical activity and changed dietary habits, factors known to predispose the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A role of PNPLA3 in weight gain has been recently reported. Aim: to evaluate changes on metabolic and hepatic profile in NAFLD patients during COVID-19 pandemic and to investigate the impact of PNPLA3 on the effect of lifestyle. Matherials and Methods and Results: 357 NAFLD patients who had a medical checkup no more than 6 months before COVID-19 blockade were included. Anthropometric, clinical and laboratory data and ultrasound grading of steatosis were collected before and after the blockade. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) and physical activity (PA) was assessed at each visit. Genotyping for PNPLA3 was available in 188.After lockdown 48% patients gained weight and 16% worsened steatosis grade. Weight gain was associated with bad adherence to MD (p=0.005) and PA (p=0.03) and to PNPLA3 GG genotype (p=0.04). Interestingly, at multivariate analysis adjusted for sex, age, PA, MD and PNPLA3 GG, only PNPLA3 GG remained associated with weight gain (p=0.04). A higher glycemia (112±32 vs 106±25, p=0.002) and prevalence of increased transaminases (ALT 30% vs 21%, p= 0.02) were observed after lockdown only in patients who gained weight. Analyzing patients who gained weight according to age (i.e < or >67 ys), both older and younger patients showed less adherence to MD, but only younger patients had a significantly reduced PA during lockdown (23% vs 40%, p=0.002). Conclusions: During lockdown nearly half of NAFLD patients gained weight with consequent worsening of metabolic and liver features, highlighting, independently of the pandemic, the beneficial role of correct lifestyle.More interestingly, PNPLA3 GG genotype emerged as an independent risk factor for weight gain, opening new perspectives in NAFLD patients care. | Dig Liver Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4643 | Humoral, cellular, clinical responses and safety of two doses of SARS-CoV-2 Messenger RNA vaccine in patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis: a long-term single center prospective study Background and Aims: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have been approved to prevent COVID-19. We assessed immunogenicity, effectiveness and safety of vaccines in patients with compensated and decompesated cirrhosis. Method: This is a prospective single center study assessing humoral and cellular responses in cirrhotics compared to healthy controls, incidence post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infections and adverse events (AEs). Antibodies against the spike- and nucleocapside-protein (anti-S and anti-N) were tested at baseline, 21 days after the first and second doses and during follow-up. Spike-specific T-cells quantity assessment was longitudinally conducted by the stimulation of whole blood with peptides covering the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, followed by IFN-γ and IL-2 measurement. Results: 182 cirrhotics (61 years, 75% males, 45% viral-related, 74% Child-Pugh A, 31% HCC, 85% COVID-19 naïve) and 38 healthy subjects were enrolled. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection predicted higher anti-S titres at all time points after vaccination, in both groups. COVID-19 naïve cirrhotics showed significantly lower anti-S titres compared to controls [998.5 (0.4-12,500) vs 1,520 (259-12,500) U/mL, p=0.048], anti-S titres significantly decreased after a median of 133 (70-182) days [536 (0.4-8,777) U/mL, p<0.0001] and were lower in decompensated vs compensated cirrhosis [632 (0.4-12,500) vs 1,377 (0.4-12,500) U/mL, p=0.028]. By multivariable analysis in COVID-19 naïve cirrhotics, independent predictors of lower anti-S were active HCC, immunocompromised conditions, BNT162b2 and lower anti-S after first dose. The spike-specific T-cell response was evaluated in 14 cirrhotics, showing a heterogeneous magnitude of response, but on average the quantity and kinetics of decline of the spike-specific cellular responses diverged in cirrhotics compared to controls, with lower concentrations of both IFN-γ and IL-2. During follow-up, 4/133 (3%) COVID-19 naïve cirrhotics tested positive for anti-N, all asymptomatic. Neither unexpected nor severe AEs emerged. Conclusion: Humoral and cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines appeared suboptimal in patients with cirrhosis, however the rate of post-vaccination infection seems low. | Dig Liver Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4644 | SARS-CoV-2 infection in liver transplantation is associated with favorable outcomes: an Italian transplant registry study Background and aims: Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) have been considered as an extremely vulnerable population in respect to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to assess the incidence and lethality rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in different organ transplant settings using the liver as a comparator. Methods: In this nationwide population-based study we compared the crude incidence and lethality rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection [95% Bonferroni adjusted CI (Ba-CI)] among Italian LTRs as compared to non-liver SOTRs and to general population. The following independent groups had been compared: Italian general population, all SOTRs, liver transplant recipients (LTRs) and non-Liver SOTRs in area with different incidence of infection. Incidence rate ratio (IRR) and lethality rate ratio (LRR) was assessed. Community risk exposures in transplant settings were assessed. Results: From February 21 to June 22, 2020, there were 450 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections over 14168 LTRs (n=89) and 29815 non-liver SOTRs (n= 361). A significantly lower risk of infection [IRR 0.56 (Ba-CI 0.34-0.92), 0.45 (Ba-CI 0.26-0.79), 0.52 (Ba-CI 0.36-0.75)] and a lower lethality rate ratio [(LRR 0.61 (Ba-CI 0.23-1.57), 0.37 (0.08-1.76), 0.52 (0.23-1.18] was found among LTRs as compared to non-liver SOTRs in the three areas. Excluding Lombardy, the risk of infection and lethality in LTRs was lower compared to general population. Non-Liver SOTRs showed an increased risk of infection and lethality at all geographic levels compared to general population. No significant difference in the adherence to mitigation policies was found. Conclusions: Liver transplantation was associated with a significantly lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and lethality in respect to non-liver solid organ transplants. A separate evaluation of organ-specific risk stratification analysis and vaccination responses in transplant population is needed. | Dig Liver Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4645 | Longevity of seropositivity after anti SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients awaiting liver transplant Introduction: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines demonstrated a high rate of success in preventing severe COVID-19 and decreasing infection rate. Few data are available in pre-liver transplant (LT) patients. IgG anti-Spike reflect humoral response to vaccination. Aims: We aimed to evaluate longevity of humoral response to mRNA vaccine in our pre-LT patients. Methods: From 01/2021 to 10/2021 we enrolled all pre-LT patients who completed anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Patients with previous COVID-19 received 1 vaccine dose within 6 months after infection. All the others received 2 doses. Patients were tested for IgG (LIAISON® SARS-CoV-2 TrimericS, positivity≥33.8 BAU/mL) 1 month post-vaccination and then every 2 months until LT. Results: During study period, 91 pre-LT patients completed anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: 80 patients received 2 doses, 11 patients 1 dose, as per protocol (94% Pfizer-BioNTech, 6% Moderna-COVID-19). 69% male, median age 56 years, BMI 25kg/m2, eGFR 95ml/min, MELD 12;43% HCC;6 patients on steroids for autoimmune cirrhosis. 23 days post-vaccination (T1), 86/91 (95%) seroconverted (median titer 1970 BAU/mL). During follow-up none of retested patients became IgG negative, however their titer progressively dropped: 72 days post-vaccination (T2), 61/64 (95%) tested again IgG positive (median titer 1480);at T3 (113 days post-vaccination) 42/43 (98%) patients remained positive and their titer significantly decreased (779);23 pts were retested at T4 (140 days post-vaccination) and all of them remained IgG positive (median titer 320). (T1vsT2, p=0.22;T2vsT3 p<0.001;T3vsT4, p=0.02;T1vsT4, p=0.008). At the end of a median follow-up of 190 days from vaccination, none of the patients developed COVID-19. No serious adverse events were registered. Conclusions: In our 91 pre-LT patients, mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination elicited a high rate of seroconversion (95%) within 1 month. We observed a progressive significant decrease in IgG titer during a median follow-up of 190 days after vaccination. Nevertheless, none of our pre-LT patients developed COVID-19. [Formula presented] | Dig Liver Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4646 | Screening for HCV infection combined with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the Campania region Background and Aims: The health emergency caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has negatively impacted the management of HCV infection, potentially jeopardizing the achievement of the goal of eliminate hepatitis C by 2030. To take advantage of the current sanitary situation, associated screening for HCV and SARS-CoV-2 infection have been carried out. We decided to propose HCV screening also to people who undergone SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. [Formula presented] Methods: Screening for hepatitis C was carried out by finger-prick test to search for HCV antibodies. It took place in the minutes following the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, in two different vaccination centers of the Campania region, and in two different time frames. In the period 1 May-20 July 2021, screening for hepatitis C was offered to the general population who got the vaccine at the Fisciano (province of Salerno) vaccination center. In the period 20 September-11 October 2021, screening for hepatitis C was offered to the general population who underwent vaccination at the San Leonardo Hospital (Castellammare di Stabia, metropolitan city of Naples). In both sites, Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, or Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines were used. Results: Out of 5095 people who underwent vaccination at the Fisciano vaccination center, 1952 (38,3%, average age 41,6 years) performed screening for hepatitis C. 5 of these (0,25%, average age 54,2 years) resulted HCV-Ab positive;all 5 were aware of their condition;4 had previous treatment;1 (0,05%) was found to have active HCV infection. Out of 2202 people vaccinated at the San Leonardo Hospital, 1207 (54,8%, average age 43,1 years) underwent screening for hepatitis C. Among these, 9 (0,7%, average age 54,3) resulted positive. 5/9 tested negative on the confirmatory test;2/9 were aware of their condition and had previous treatment;1 subject (0,08%) was found to have active HCV infection;1 subject is awaiting the results at time of writing. In both sites a consistent percentage of people refused the HCV-Ab test. Moreover, the prevalence of HCV-Ab positivity and HCV active infection was found to be lower than the national data. Frequent reasons for refusing the test were lack of knowledge of the disease, fear of a positive result, and distrust in the test's effectiveness. Someone refused the test because vaccination was considered a particularly stressful event. The low prevalence of HCV infection found in these projects could be at least partly attributable to the under-participation of the elderly, as at the time the screenings were carried out most of them had probably already received the expected doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Conclusions: In conclusion, we believe that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could be an opportunity to screen for HCV infection, but to maximize the benefits of this screening, the characteristics of the subjects to be tested should be reconsidered, by focusing particularly on the elderly population. | Dig Liver Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4647 | Humoral response to 2-dose BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine for Covid-19 in liver transplant recipients Introduction: In the context of the Italian SARS-CoV-2 vaccination program, liver transplant (LT) recipients were prioritized for vaccine administration, although the lower response to vaccines is a well known problem in this population. Aim: We aimed to evaluate immunogenicity of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in LT recipients and healthy controls and to identify factors associated with negative response to vaccine. Materials and Methods: We prospectively evaluated a cohort of adult LT patients the humoral response (with anti-Spike protein IgG-LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2-IgG chemiluminescent assay) at 1 and 3 months after 2-dose vaccination. A group of 307 vaccinated healthcare workers, matched by age and sex, served as controls. Results: Overall, 492 LT patients were enrolled (75.41% male, median age 64.85 years). Detectable antibodies were observed in the 75% of patients with a median value of 73.9 AU/mL after 3 months from 2-dose vaccination. At multivariable analysis, older age (>40years, p=0.016), shorter time from liver transplantation (<5years, p=0.004), and immunosuppression with antimetabolites (p=0.029) were significantly associated with non-response to vaccination. Moreover, the LT recipients showed antibody titers statistically lower than the control group (103 vs 261 AU/ml, p<0.0001) (fig. 1). Finally, both in controls and LT patients we found a trend of inverse correlation between age and antibody titers (correlation coefficient: -0.2023 and -0.2345, respectively). Conclusions: Three months after vaccination, LT recipients showed humoral response in 75% of cases. Older age, shorter time from transplantation and use of antimetabolites were factors associated with non-response to vaccination and needed to be kept under close monitoring. | Dig Liver Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4648 | Mental Illness of Management Educators: Does Holding Multiple Academic Jobs Play a Role? A Qualitative Study Through addressing management educators in four public business schools in Egypt, the authors of this paper aim to uncover the impact of holding multiple academic jobs on the mental health of management educators. The paper asserts that management educators do not perceive the holding of multiple academic roles as a stimulant of any form of mental illness (e.g., anxiety, depression, stress) if it is accompanied by a sense of autonomy (proper teaching loads, rational time for supervising theses, reasonable requests for research production) a feeling of competence (relevant monthly salary, available training and learning opportunities) and a sense of relatedness (feeling of involvement, flexible work hours, option to work from home). | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4649 | Radiological manifestations and complications of lung and brain in Egyptian COVID-19 patients BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease COVID-19 is a viral illness, currently affecting millions of people worldwide. Pneumonia is the most common extreme presentation of COVID-19 infection, manifesting by fever, dry cough, difficulty of breathing or shortness of breath and mainly ground-glass infiltrates in radiological images. Chest computed tomography (CT) has a potential role in the diagnosis, detection of complications and prognostication of coronavirus disease COVID-19. In addition to severe respiratory manifestations, there are a wide range of neurological manifestations ranging from nonspecific symptoms to necrotizing encephalopathies and stroke. Our study aimed to review lung and neurological manifestations in recent and post-COVID-19 Egyptian patients and to be familiar with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of Neuro-COVID patients. RESULTS: The present study included eighty COVID-19 patients with age ranged from 28 to 78 years (mean age 57.84 + 12.58 years) who were 54 males (mean age 56.64 + 12.50) and 26 females (mean age 48.65 + 14.24). All our patients were with recent or previous history of COVID-19 infection and subjected to careful history taking, thorough clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations and CT examination. The reported lung manifestations included normal lung shadows, ground-glass opacifications (GGOs), consolidations, reticulation, reticulation and GGOs (crazy paving) and fibrotic-like changes. Out of eighty COVID-19 patients, twenty showed neurological manifestations ranging from nonspecific symptoms to necrotizing encephalopathies and stroke. Patients with neurological manifestation were in addition to CT submitted to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as appropriate. MRI done to neuro-COVID patients showed that 8/20 (40%) had no abnormalities and 12/20 (60%) had abnormalities. The most common abnormalities are infarction, major or lacunar infarction, followed by acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and meningoencephalitis. CONCLUSION: Old age patients, especially males, were more affected than females. Lung manifestations are common in COVID-19 patients than neurological manifestations. The presence of fibrotic changes in the lung could predict severe COVID-19 affection and bad prognosis. There might be an association between appearance of neurological manifestations and poor outcome in COVID-19 patients. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 4650 | Evaluation of a Single-Stage Light-Gas Gun Facility in Malta: Business Analysis and Preliminary Design Impact testing is a critical activity for many aerospace activities. Data on impacts can be employed to evaluate materials survivability, operations safety, and, if possible, to plan prompt maintenance. A classical impact testing facility usually employs Light-Gas Guns (LGGs) to evaluate the effect of collisions in a controlled laboratory environment. In particular, single stage LGGs are relatively simple in their working principle, as they consist in a pressurized gas reservoir and a barrel with a projectile placed in front of the experiment target. When the shot command is executed, the gas from the reservoir accelerates the projectile through the barrel; in first approximation, its velocity is related to the reservoir pressure, the barrel geometry, and the projectile velocity. In this context, The Malta College of Arts, Science and Technology (MCAST) and the Centre of Studies and Activities for Space CISAS “Giuseppe Colombo” of the University of Padova have started a collaboration to develop a single stage LGG impact facility in Malta. In this paper, the conceptual evaluation and the development of the facility is introduced. First, the potential application of such facility in the framework of Malta aviation market as well as the business opportunities in the emerging space sector are presented. In a second part of this work, the LGG main design drivers are defined and a preliminary evaluation of the achievable projectile velocities is performed. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
