This version of BIP! Finder aims to ease the exploration of COVID-19-related literature by enabling ranking articles based on various impact metrics.
Last Update: 18 - 01 - 2023 (628506 entries)
Popularity: Citation-based measure reflecting the current impact.
Influence: Citation-based measure reflecting the total impact.
Reader Attention: The current number of Mendeley readers.
Social Media Attention: The number of recent tweets related to this article.
*More details on these impact measures can be found here.
Exceptional score (in top 0.01%).
Substantial score (in top 1%).
Average score (in bottom 99%).
Score not available.
CORD-19 dataset(1) (list of papers)
LitCovid hub(2) (list of papers)
PMC & PubMed (citations)
Mendeley (number of readers)
COVID-19-TweetIDs(3) (tweets)
| Title | Venue | Year | Impact | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4451 | Tozinameran: Polymyalgia-rheumatica: case report | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4452 | AZD-1222: Thrombotic thrombocytopenia causing cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and hepatic veins thrombosis: case report | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4453 | COVID-19 vaccine Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidermiology and Microbiology: Bell's palsy: 2 case reports | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4454 | Tozinameran: Guillain-Barre syndrome: case report | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4455 | Amphotericin-B: Acute renal dysfunction: case report | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4456 | AZD-1222: Collapsing glomerulopathy: 2 case reports | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4457 | Dexamethasone: Trichosporon Asahii infection: case report | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4458 | Atorvaquone/pantroprazole/ceftriaxone: Toxic epidermal necrosis: case report | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4459 | Tozinameran: Acute transverse myelitis: 2 case reports | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4460 | Remdesivir: Sinus bradycardia and lack of efficacy following off-label use: 4 case reports | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4461 | Favipiravir: Contraindicated drug administered during pregnancy and patent foramen ovale following in-utero exposure: 2 case reports | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4462 | Tozinameran: Non-infective inflammatory pneumonitis and delayed hypersensitivity: case report | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4463 | Multiple drugs: Delayed hypersensitivity reaction, Cushing syndrome and herpes simplex virus infection: 5 case reports | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4464 | Elasomeran/tozinameran: Thrombocytopenia and thrombocytopenic-purpura: 2 case reports | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4465 | Elasomeran/prednisone: Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus flare, lack of efficacy and pain at the injection site: case report | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4466 | Systemic AEs common after COVID-19 vaccination | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4467 | Cytarabine/daunorubicin: Infections and flare-up of ulcer and cellulitis: 2 case reports | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4468 | COVID-19 and Gun Violence: Keeping Unknown Shocks and Volatility in Perspective The current study estimates the varying effects of the pandemic on gun violence by social distancing type, fatality, and location. Interrupted time series analyses are used to examine weekly crime data from 2016 to 2020 in New York City. Box-Cox power transformation and GARCH techniques are used to address the problems of non-normality and heteroscedasticity in the models. There were significant increases in fatal and non-fatal shootings during the relaxation of social distancing. The impact of the BLM protests and depolicing is significant for non-fatal shootings. The pandemic led to greater increases in gun violence in The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens, as opposed to Staten Island. In addition, there is some evidence of increases in the volatility of gun violence during the pandemic. High volatility implies crime rates are in severe flux, which then leads to greater uncertainty and fear for public safety. This paper surfaces useful information for guiding policy and practice. | Crim Justice Rev | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4469 | Uncertainty Measures and Sector-Specific REITs in a Regime-Switching Environment In this paper, we attempt to explore the effects of various uncertainty measures – namely, implied volatility (VIX), tail risk (SKEW), economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and partisan conflict (PCI) indices-, on U.S. REITs returns at sector level, using the non-linear Markov regime-switching model. Our empirical results reveal that uncertainty measures have regime-dependent impacts and do not affect the return dynamics of REIT sectors in a uniform way. Office and hotel & lodging REITs exhibit the strongest sensitivity to VIX and EPU, respectively, during bearish market periods. While residential REITs are the most resilient to uncertainties, healthcare REIT returns are negatively affected from all the uncertainty factors only in the low variance regime. Hence, our findings show evidence of asymmetric, non-linear and sector-dependent linkages between REITs and uncertainties. These results provide valuable insights and important implications for REIT investors. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4470 | Risk transmissions between sectoral Islamic and conventional stock markets during COVID-19 pandemic: What matters more between actual COVID-19 occurrence and speculative and sentiment factors? Being the health pandemic with the highest impact on the global financial market, the recent COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant risk transmissions across stock markets. Although an increasing number of studies have examined the effects of the pandemic on financial markets, we provide novel insights into the volatility connectedness between conventional and Islamic stock markets. First, the analysis is conducted at the sectoral level, considering nine sectors for each category. Second, a greater novelty is applied by determining if the actual COVID-19 occurrence or speculations or sentiments raised by it is responsible for the connectedness. Summarily, findings show that markets are strongly connected. In addition, the Technology and Utilities sectors of both stock market types, and the Oil and Gas conventional stocks are the net receivers of volatility shocks. On average, however, Islamic markets tend to be more immune to the pandemic than conventional markets. Finally, both causal factors considered significantly affect the connectedness measures, although the effect is heterogeneous and stronger for the speculative/sentiment indicators. These findings provide appropriate policy clues for both investors and policy makers. | N/A | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 4471 | The potential application of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 BACKGROUND: Given the severe infection, poor prognosis, and the low number of available effective drugs, potential prevention and treatment strategies for COVID-19 need to be urgently developed. MAIN BODY: Herein, we present and discuss the possible protective and therapeutic mechanisms of human microbiota and probiotics based on the previous and recent findings. Microbiota and probiotics consist of mixed cultures of living microorganisms that can positively affect human health through their antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effect. In the current study, we address the promising advantages of microbiota and probiotics in decreasing the risk of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, we recommend further studies be conducted for assessing and evaluating the capability of these microbes in the battle against COVID-19. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4472 | Coronavirus vs the textile industry: cluster lessons for future challenges Since the pandemic situation was officially declared, part of society was immersed in searching desperately for solutions to combat it. Textile firms addressed with uneven effectiveness the challenge of creating products that helped medical and civil professionals (e.g., personal protection equipment, masks, sanitary material, etc.). To do this, they had to face supply problems, lockdown, and make a significant innovative effort. This work aims to analyze the strategic response of the companies belonging to the Valencian Textile Cluster (VTC) (Spain) to the coronavirus crisis and the territorial factors that influenced it. We carried out a content analysis of the news in the main newspapers during February–July (2020). Our analysis revealed that, on average, VTC firms responded to the challenge more quickly and effectively than other Spanish textile firms. The most influential location-specific factors were the clustering developed, institutional support, and a deep-rooted tradition in producing technical-home textiles, although we also detected that social media collaborated in the process of transferring value information. The influence of all these factors was more intense in the epicenter of the cluster (Ontinyent). Consequently, our results highlight the cluster effect and offer lessons that can help manage unexpected future events more effectively. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4473 | 553 Does COVID-19 Lead to Worse Outcomes in A Burn Center? INTRODUCTION: The global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (COVID-19) has exhausted resources and devastated at-risk populations. Our objective was to determine if COVID-positive patients have worse outcomes compared to COVID-negative patients after burn injury or desquamating skin disorders. METHODS: Patients were identified using our institutional Burn Center registry and linked to the clinical and administrative data. All patients admitted between March 1, 2020 and August 31, 2021 were eligible for inclusion. Demographics, length of stay (LOS), co-morbid conditions, and mortality were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed with Students’ t-test, chi-squared, and Fischer’s exact test. RESULTS: A total of 1,994 patients were admitted during this period, and of those patients, 1,467 were adults. Twenty-three adults were COVID-positive. There were no significant differences in age, LOS, total body surface area (TBSA) involvement, hospital costs, sex, race or ethnicities of patients. There were no significant differences in percentage of patients presenting for burn or desquamating skin disorders. COVID-positive adult patients had a significantly higher mortality after injury than COVID-negative adults, p=0.003. There were no differences in COVID-positive pediatric patients admitted to our burn center. CONCLUSIONS: A positive COVID test is associated with worse outcomes in patients admitted for burn injury or skin-sloughing disorders. Further study is warranted to investigate and mitigate what aspect of their care could be adjusted to improve outcomes. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4474 | 759 Burn Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Assessing the Current Literature INTRODUCTION: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent COVID-19 pandemic has been a significant disruptor to traditional medical care. Burn patients are an interesting population in which to evaluate this disruption due to the complicated, multidisciplinary nature of injury management. Understanding the current landscape of burn care during the pandemic is a crucial first step in preparing for future pandemic impacts. The purpose of this study was to identify the current status of burn treatment during COVID by evaluating existing literature surrounding burns and COVID. METHODS: A literature review of articles published between March 2020 and August 2021 was conducted to determine trends in studies evaluating burn patients and burn center operation during this time frame. All ABA abstracts published in 2020 containing the key words “burn,” “COVID,” and/or “coronavirus” were reviewed. Additionally, a Pubmed search was conducted using the same keywords. Each abstract and article was sorted into one of four themes: Census/Etiology, Burn patients with COVID, Safe Practices/Protocols, and Telemedicine. RESULTS: A total of 23 ABA abstracts and 126 articles were collected in the initial search. 63 articles were ultimately excluded because they did not report on burn patients. By theme, the following trends were seen: 1. Census/Etiology: Data on demographics of burn patients during this period was varied. Admissions for adult and/or pediatric burns increased for multiple burn centers, while others reported decreases. Consistently, the most common etiology of burn injury was scald, and an increased proportion of injuries were found to occur at home. Changes in the rates of first, second, and third-degree burns were also observed. 2. Burn patients with COVID: Overall, numerous reports indicated decreases in patient length of stay. However, several groups found no differences in length of stay, surgery rate, and length of follow-up. 3. Safe Practices: A recurring trend was observed of numerous burn centers having to implement increased safety protocols due to COVID-19. Select burn centers updated prevention guidelines for burn surgeons and patient care. 4. Telemedicine: The implementation of telemedicine helped minimize risk and maximize resources, However, much remains to be standardized, including the quality of images used. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis of the current literature identified several overarching themes in the care of burn patients. Continued evaluation can identify innovations from the past year that should become best practices, as well as optimize preparation efforts for future disruptions in care. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4475 | 564 The Impact of COVID-19 on the Provision of Pediatric Burn Care INTRODUCTION: The WHO declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a pandemic in the spring of 2020 which led to widespread restrictions on daily life activities as people were instructed to isolate at home. Given that 75 – 85% of pediatric burns occur in the home, it is likely that these measures had an impact on pediatric burn care. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the provision of pediatric burn care at an American Burn Association-verified pediatric burn center. METHODS: Data was retrospectively extracted from all new burn patients aged 0-18 years during a pre-pandemic period (April 2019 – August 2019) and a pandemic period (April 2020 – August 2020). Continuous data was examined using 2 tailed t-tests (p < 0.05), while non-continuous data was examined using Pearson chi-squared tests (p < 0.05). These analyses were used to analyze burn demographics and examine changes in the delivery of acute and follow-up burn care before and during the pandemic. RESULTS: During the pre-pandemic period, 213 new burns were identified, compared to 172 new burns during the pandemic period. No clinically significant changes were observed in patient age at presentation (p = 0.54), total body surface area of burn (p = 0.85), and time to presentation following the injury (p = 0.24). Interestingly, a significant increase in friction burns (p = 0.023) was observed, which mainly consisted of treadmill burns. During the pandemic, burn operating room utilization remained high and represented approximately 25% of the hospital's total surgical capacity. In addition, there were no significant changes to inpatient and outpatient encounters (p = 0.56 and p = 1.00) between the two periods thereby highlighting the need for these essential services during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: Burn-related service needs remained consistent across the pre-pandemic and pandemic cohorts as demonstrated by the number of new burns as well as the continued provision of burn care. Overall, no clinically significant changes to patient demographics, aside from the increase in friction burns, were observed. Furthermore, the ability to provide all aspects of pediatric burn care at this tertiary pediatric hospital remained consistent across the pre-pandemic and pandemic cohorts. Although this study presents data from the first five months on the pandemic, further analysis of the entire year will be carried out in order to identify additional trends. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4476 | 750 Paddling into danger-Key lessons for a summertime INTRODUCTION: Paddling pools are a source of entertainment for many children. In cooler climates, parents often attempt to heat up the water temperature by adding freshly boiled water into outdoor pools. Our Regional Burns Centre has seen many of these injuries and we wanted to investigate trends and prevalence. METHODS: Utilising the local Burn Injury Database, we searched for paddling pool related injuries which occurred between 2015-2020. We retrieved age, burn size and depth, need for surgical intervention and outcome, as well as circumstances surrounding the injury. RESULTS: We identified 26 injuries over six years, of which 11 were in 2020. The age of children ranged between 6 months and 13 years old (median 4 years 8 months). The majority, 22 (84%) of patients, had superficial partial thickness injuries. Only five patients (19%) had burns larger than 2% TBSA and only a single patient required general anaesthetic procedure to clean and dress the wounds. Two patients were admitted (length of stay 2- 5 days). Burns affected a range of locations with the majority being lower limbs (11) and upper limbs (8). Head and neck area was affected in 4 cases followed by flank (3), abdomen (2) and buttocks (2). Injuries occurred between April and August and the majority happened during the Friday – Sunday period 18 (69%). All burns occurred between 11:00 and 18:30, with average time being 14:40. CONCLUSIONS: Paddling pools represent a common potential risk to children. With the recent of COVID-19 pandemic leading to closure of the schools, there has been a significant increase in paddling pool sales, resulting in an increase in these injuries and, without relevant education, they are expected to become more common. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4477 | 544 Southern US Burn Centers, Surge Capacity and 15 Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic INTRODUCTION: Burn mass casualty incident (BMCI) planning efforts have been in practice and publication for 40+ years. Through these ongoing efforts, we know there are measurable limits to burn center capacity and capability through modeling and real-world events relying on conventional and contingency standards of care, even when the only focus is those patients with burn injuries. The southern region of the American Burn Association (ABA) includes 37 burn centers and continues to play a critical role in the BMCI preparedness process. COVID-19 has emerged as the greatest pandemic in terms of morbidity and mortality since the 1918 influenza pandemic. While COVID-19 has no direct connection to burn injuries, the impact of COVID-19 on the American Healthcare System to include burn care was and remains significant. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of (southern) regional data voluntarily submitted to the ABA from March 2020 to June 2021 and generally coincides with the first three waves of the pandemic. We focused on the self-reported data specific to the three critical components in managing a surge of patients: staffing, space, and supplies (to include pharmaceuticals and equipment). RESULTS: Staff: These data were collected over a period that coincided with the first three waves seen in the region. Staffing shortages were noted during each of the surges but were most excessive when a regional surge paralleled surges in other parts of the country (November-December 2020). SPACE: Late November and early December 2020, space was in short supply with the surge of patients for more of the region than at any other time during the 28 weeks of reporting. While single facilities reported other episodes of limited space or supplemented with temporary structures, the peak was early December. SUPPLIES: As the first surge began to subside, the supply shortages were abated. However, as additional surges occurred, the supply chain had not recovered. Supply shortages were reported in greater numbers than either space or staffing needs through the multiple waves of the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: The surge of patients that had to be managed by the greater healthcare community placed a substantial strain on the burn centers to keep beds dedicated for patients with burn injuries. The pandemic directly led to a diminished available capacity for burn care in such a way that it could have compromised our ability to confront a surge of burn-injured patients. Future BMCI planning efforts must consider this aspect of the process. Crisis Standards of Care may come into play during such an event. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4478 | 105 Nursing Theory and Burn Competency Training Practices to Address Gaps in Post-covid Trained Graduate Nurses INTRODUCTION: Recruitment efforts just after the recent COVID crises brought in several new graduate nurses. They had limited clinical exposure during COVID-19 resulting in difficulty transitioning into practice providing safe patient care. As a result, these nurses lacked the fundamental knowledge needed to care for acutely ill burn and wound patients resulting in the new graduate registered nurses (NGRNs) feeling overwhelmed at the bedside. These findings coincide with assessments noted in Kavanagh and Sharpnack’s (2021), article identifying only 9% of NGRNs were practice ready, with 7% failing to recognize urgency or a change in a patient’s condition. METHODS: In order to achieve the designated American Burn Association (ABA) competencies, our center designed a program based on Patricia Benner’s Novice to Expert nursing theory. Additionally, we divided the competencies into achievable goals and domains using the Donna Wright's nursing competency model. StaRN program: didactics/simulation/skills/unit orientation one on one with a preceptor Competency based staged orientation program for new staff Burn Specific Education includes: 1) Burn and complex wound care didactic 2) Burn specific High-fidelity simulation scenario utilizing critical care equipment promoting critical thinking and critical reasoning skills 3) Task trainers 4) On-going preceptor education 5) Nurse Extern program RESULTS: NGRNS arriving at our unit in early 2020 were found to be incapable of performing clinical tasks in the burn ICU (BICU) setting at the level of competency recommended by the ABA. We immediately placed this cohort into the revised training program incorporating Benners Novice to Expert Theory and Wright’s Competency Model. Of the 25, 17 were able to be placed in the BICU (68%), and 8 were able to transfer to a lower level of care (progressive care/med-surg). All 25 were given extended orientation (12 weeks instead of the normal 8, as recommended by our facility). We will follow this group to determine retention rates. CONCLUSIONS: Current levels of competencies by the ABA creates gaps in care for graduate nurses entering the workforce with deficits. Applying Benner's Novice to Expert Theory and Wright’s Competency Model to modify approaches to training helps identify gaps in care, addresses areas that are weak for the nurse, and help guide the graduate nurse through stages of expertise to arrive more confidently at the level of competency expected by the ABA. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4479 | 540 Burn-Specific Triage Guidelines in State-Based Crisis Standards of Care INTRODUCTION: In times of crisis, medical institutions must utilize contingency plans to ensure the highest quality of patient care. When these plans are overwhelmed, crisis standards of care may be adopted, resulting in modifications in resource allocation. The current coronavirus pandemic has created tremendous strains on hospitals throughout the world, with periodic shortages in equipment, PPE, ICU beds, and personnel. These pressures have been great enough at times to result in several states implementing crisis standards of care to allow hospitals to triage patients and do the most good possible for the largest number of people with limited resources. However, these guidelines may not account for the unique needs of burn patients, whose care is often resource intensive. We examined state-based crisis standards of care guidelines in the United States to ascertain the degree to which triage of burn patients was addressed. METHODS: Internet search engines were used to locate state-specific actionable “crisis standards of care” or “scarce resource allocation” policies available before October 1, 2021. Once identified, these guidelines were further examined to determine whether explicit information was provided to direct the triage of burn patients. RESULTS: Of the 50 states and the District of Columbia, only 35 states (70%) were confirmed to have official crisis standards of care policies that could be implemented by healthcare institutions during the current pandemic. Additionally, guidelines from non-government entities were identified for 4 states (Florida Bioethics Network, Ohio Hospital Association, Missouri Hospital Association, and West Virginia Hospital Association). Of the 39 plans available, only 13 (26%) provided specific information regarding triage of burn patients during implementation of crisis standards of care. CONCLUSIONS: Crisis standards of care are heterogenous throughout the United States and have varying levels of specificity. The majority of states and the District of Columbia do not provide clear, actionable guidance on the triage of burn patients. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4480 | 758 Constant evolution: Early experiences treating COVID-19 in a burn center INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic came as an unexpected challenge to many healthcare systems around the world. Many centers struggled to provide COVID-19 ICU-level care while also maintaining adequate care for non-COVID-19-related conditions, especially in critical care specialty units like trauma and burn. We present a case series of our early experiences treating COVID-19 in a burn center. METHODS: We present a case. RESULTS: See Table 1. Though one case was admitted prior to initiation of universal testing, routine infection-control protocols limited exposure to personnel and prevented transmission to staff. In May 2020, we implemented the use of N95 mask and eye protection during all aerosolizing procedures, N95 mask use in all ORs, and universal surgical mask use in all rooms regardless of COVID-19 status. An in-house risk-stratification system was used to screen patients based on symptoms and exposure. Burn-center admissions were screened at a lower threshold than throughout the institution given the unique nature of burn injury. Eventually, because of increasing community spread, all admissions to the hospital were universally screened with RT-PCR prior to admission. To minimize exposure to non-COVID patients and Burn Center staff, COVID-19 positive burn admissions were assessed on a case-by-case basis. High acuity patients were admitted to the Burn Center and followed by the COVID consult team. Lower acuity patients were admitted to the Burn Center but were treated on the medical COVID unit and followed by the burn consult service. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID 19 pandemic has strained healthcare systems worldwide. Development and implementation of universal screening, testing, infection-control precautions, and triage strategies are critical elements of burn care during the COVID-19 pandemic. As we prepare for future surges due to more transmissible variants, implementation of standard protocols enables continued provision of quality care, preservation of the healthcare workforce, and efficient use of resources. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4481 | 582 Expanding Burn Expertise Through Telemedicine for the Frontliners during the COVID-19 Pandemic INTRODUCTION: Inexperience of frontliners and referring physicians from non-specialty centers in burn wound assessment results to the incorrect triage of patients, thereby aggravating the current hospital situations and causing unnecessary exposures. Emergency care in burn centers in developing countries must strike a balance between doctor and patient safety, and uncompromised care of burn patients. Telemedicine is deemed a valid and sound option to maintain social distancing and promote safety, yet provide proper burn care. It is a valuable and indispensable tool for all doctors of all branches of medicine and surgery. Although many of its limitations in developing countries are still being unraveled, the benefits of this technology are being realized worldwide. This study determined the accuracy and timeliness in diagnosing and classifying burn patients assessed by a frontliner non-burn specialist in-person (NBSP), a Burn Specialist online (BSO), and a Burn Specialist in-person (BSP). METHODS: All burn patients (January to March 2021) with signed consent for participation were photographed in a standardized manner by the NBSP and referred to a BSO via an online messaging application. These patients were also assessed independently by the BSP. The % total body surface area (TBSA), burn depth classification, and the time the patients were seen by the NBSP, the time the online referrals were sent to the BSO through the messaging application, the time the BSO sent the diagnoses, and the time of assessment by the BSP, were recorded. One-Way Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with and without blocking were done.Post-hoc Tukey-Test was used to analyze the pair-wise differences for any ANOVA that showed significant statistical differences. RESULTS: Data gathered from 82 patients throughout the 3-month study duration demonstrated that burn size (% TBSA) among the three different physicians (NBSP, BSO, BSP) was not statistically significant (p=0.8794). Our analysis also showed no statistical difference for the 19 different body parts per patient and burn depth classification (p=0.9718). One-way ANOVA tests on timeliness were statistically significant with a p-value of p< 0.0001. A post-hoc comparison using Tukey test revealed no statistical significance between the BSO and BSP (p=0.892). CONCLUSIONS: Smartphone telemedicine platform through photographic transfer and analysis is an accurate method in estimating burn size and depth classification. Timeliness can be improved with a dedicated 24/7 online available burn specialists and a reliable network access. Hence, frontliners can refer to burn specialists in a developing country using this telemedicine platform for optimum burn care with an accurate diagnosis and overcome the challenges during and even after this pandemic. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4482 | 775 The Ongoing Impact of the COVID Pandemic on Young Burn Survivors and their Families INTRODUCTION: The COVID pandemic continues to bring numerous challenges for young burn survivors and their families. This project addressed the ongoing impact that COVID-19 is still having on youth burn survivors and their caregivers. Our burn camp program moved to a virtual format for 2020 but returned to an in person camp experience for 2021. This project is an extension of our assessment in 2020 by asking youth and their families to reflect on the persistent effects of COVID-19 into 2021. METHODS: Prior to each camp year, we asked campers (ages 8 – 18) and their caregivers / parents to complete questionnaires about their year, rating and specifying the personal impacts of COVID as part of their overall camp application. We also asked “what has helped you get through tough times this year?” In 2020 we had 47 campers and caregivers / parents participate with an increase to 60 campers and caregivers / parents for 2021. RESULTS: The majority of youth continued to rate the impact of COVID-19 as “Somewhat” or “Highly” from 2020 to 2021, however the percent of youth rating these higher levels of impact decreased in 2021. The majority of caregivers rated the impact in 2020 as “Somewhat” while the percentage rating these higher levels of impact increased in 2021 with more caregivers also endorsing “Highly”. Campers AND caregivers / parents identified the same top 3 impacts in 2020 and 2021: 1. Online school / virtual learning 2. Friends / Social 3. Quarantine The impact on the fourth highest area of Sports / Activities decreased from 2020 to 2021. In both years, youth and caregivers rated Quality time with Family as a positive impact. Campers and caregivers endorsed Family, Friends, Faith, and What I learned recovering from my burn injury as factors helping them get through tough times. CONCLUSIONS: Children, youth, and families who have experienced a burn injury continue to report both negative and positive impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic. Not all youth and families are equally affected, but burn survivors and their caregivers rated the highest impacts as online school / virtual learning, friends / social, and quarantine in both 2020 and 2021. Family and friends were the greatest sources of support during tough times Burn camp provided the opportunity for connection in the face of ongoing impacts of COVID-19. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4483 | Attention to the Tail(s): Global Financial Conditions and Exchange Rate Risks We document how the entire distribution of exchange rate returns responds to changes in global financial conditions. We measure global financial conditions as the common component of country-specific financial condition indices, computed consistently across a large panel of developed and emerging economies. Using quantile regression, we provide a characterisation and ranking of the tail behaviour of a large sample of currencies in response to a tightening of global financial conditions, corroborating (and quantifying) some of the prevailing narratives about safe haven and risky currencies. Compared to most standard approaches, our methodology delivers a more nuanced picture of exchange rate behaviour, allowing for example to make probabilistic statements about the likelihood of observing large swings in returns given the prevailing global financial environment. We also identify macroeconomic fundamentals associated with different tail dynamics: currencies of countries with higher interest rates, low levels of international reserves and large fiscal deficits display more marked increases in the likelihood of large losses in response to a tightening of global financial conditions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1057/s41308-022-00160-0. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4484 | 762 Resumption of Surgical Missions in Light of COVID-19: A Paradigm Shift INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the lives of billions of people globally. Some medical systems continue to be overburdened due to the viral illness leading to incredible public health challenges domestically as well as abroad. However, with vaccination distribution increasing globally, many are pushing for a return to some form of normalcy. In the medical community, some are weighing the risks of returning to global health missions and considering protective strategies to minimize risk of viral spread. METHODS: Here we describe our experience in returning to an annual burn reconstruction mission in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC). RESULTS: We have implemented protective strategies and successfully carried out a return mission trip. Our team of 10 individuals was able to perform over 80 procedures on 26 pediatric patients in 4 operative days. There were no major complications reported. CONCLUSIONS: Protection of our team and our patients from the risk of COVID-19 infection was paramount given the high mortality rate and disease duration. We applied a variety of protective strategies and altered mission protocol to limit exposure and transmission. The primary modifications (including; eliminating day of clinic with increased utilization of telemedicine for preoperative screening, only one vaccinated care giver permitted in the hospital, COVID-19 pre-operative screening for parents and patients, and increasing operative complexity) are likely to remain in place for the duration of the pandemic. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4485 | 61 A Burn Center's Experience with COVID-19 Positive Burn Patients INTRODUCTION: The emergence of SARS-COV-2 and the COVID-19 pandemic has complicated the presentation, treatment, and prognosis of all types of patients. Further characterization and analysis of how concomitant COVID-19 infection impacts different patient populations is important for improving treatment strategies. Patients with burn injures often require ICU-level care, mechanical ventilation, and extensive surgical intervention. Concomitant COVID-19 infection in this population presents a new challenge to clinical teams. The purpose of this project is to compare COVID-19 positive burn patients treated at a regional burn center with those that are not. METHODS: Following IRB approval, our institution’s burn registry was queried from March 2020-June 2021. Data on demographics, injury circumstances, COVID-19 status, and outcomes were collected. Continuous variables were nonparametric andcompared using Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were compared using Chi-squared with Fischer’s Exact test, where appropriate. RESULTS: Of the 622 patients admitted at our institution, 19 tested positive for COVID-19 during their hospitalization. Demographic and injury information is reported in Table 1. There were statistically significant differences between the COVID-19 positive and negative groups in regard to race and presence of inhalation injury (p=0.0002, p=0.0002). The TBSA burned was slightly higher in the COVID-19 positive group (9.1 vs 6.7%). COVID-19 positive patients spent more time ventilated (48±32.5 vs.12.2 ± 16.2 days, p=0.0035**) and had both longer ICU (42.71±37.41 vs 11.1±15.4 days, p=0.0175*) and hospital (26.32±32.14 vs 8.177±11.95 days, p< 0.0001***) lengths of stay (LOS). No COVID-19 positive patients died while 5% of the COVID-19 negative patients did. All outcomes were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Despite similar TBSA injury burden and age breakdown, patients at our institution who tested positive for COVID-19 required more time on the ventilator and were hospitalized longer. People of color had a higher percentage of positive tests than their Caucasian counterparts. While mortality rates were higher in the COVID-19 negative cohort, morbidities associated with longer LOS must be considered. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4486 | 85 Changes in Burn Surgery Operative Volume and Metrics Due to COVID-19 INTRODUCTION: Due to COVID-19, hospitals have had to undergo drastic changes to operating room (OR) policy to mitigate the spread of the disease. Elective surgeries were cancelled, and some ORs were repurposed to help withstand a surge of COVID-19 patients. Given these unprecedented measures, we aim to look at the changes in operative volume and metrics of the burn surgery service at our institution. METHODS: An IRB-approved single-institution retrospective review was conducted by querying our institutional OR database. We obtained case lists and OR metrics for the months of March to May for 2019, 2020, and 2021, which correspond with pre-COVID, early COVID (period without elective cases), and late COVID (period with resumed elective cases). Inclusion criteria were cases related to burns. These cases were then divided into the following groups: excision only, grafting only, excision and grafting, laser scar procedures, secondary reconstruction without grafting or flaps, secondary reconstruction with grafting, and secondary reconstruction with flaps. Types of cases and operative metrics were compared amongst the three time periods. RESULTS: The total number of cases performed by the entire hospital during 2019, 2020, and 2021 was 2375, 1184, and 2265 respectively. During those times, the burn surgery service performed 174, 124, and 212 total cases (138, 103, and 114 burn related cases) respectively. Compared to the hospital, the burn service had a smaller decrease in volume during early COVID (28.7% vs. 50.1%) and exceeded pre-pandemic volumes during late COVID (+21.8% vs. -4.6%). There was a significant increase in excision and grafting cases in early and late COVID periods (41, 84, 74 respectively; p < .0001 and p < .002). There was a significant decrease in laser scar procedures that persisted even during late COVID (69, 0, 14 respectively; p < .0001). The projected and actual lengths of cases significantly increased and persisted into late COVID (p < .01). The average length pre-COVID and late COVID were 109.9 ± 78.5 and 138.2 ± 79.2 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 related OR closures lead to an expected decrease in the number of overall cases and elective cases. However, there was no significant decline in the number of burn specific cases performed. The elective cases were largely replaced with excision and grafting cases and this shift has persisted even after elective cases have resumed. This change is also reflected in increased operative times. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4487 | 754 The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Burn Care and Short-Term Patient Outcomes INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced profound changes on many aspects of American healthcare delivery. Resource utilization and risk minimization have been the primary goals behind these shifts, and adaptations made to optimize public safety continue to affect patients. It is not known, however, how these changes have impacted burn patients. The aim of this study is to detect any effects the pandemic has had on this population by describing the incidence, nature, and short-term outcomes of patients treated by a single surgeon at a major burn center during the area’s shelter-in-place period. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed using a database of one surgeon’s (RG) admissions and surgical procedures. All patients treated for acute burn injuries within the year following the announcement of COVID-associated shelter-in-place orders in the burn center’s area (March 2020-March 2021) were included. The control group consisted of the same surgeon’s patients treated in the prior year (March 2019-March 2020). All patients were included regardless of age. Patients treated for other conditions such as dermatologic issues or chronic burn sequelae were excluded. Delayed presentation was defined as an interval longer than 24 hours between injury and first medical encounter. Descriptive analyses were performed to compare the demographics, timing of presentation, treatment courses, and short-term outcomes between pre-pandemic and COVID period groups. RESULTS: 408 patients were included overall, with 227 admitted pre-COVID and 181 during the pandemic. The only significant difference in demographics between groups was a higher incidence of homelessness in the COVID group (7 vs 13%, p < 0.04). Delayed presentation was not significantly different between groups (15 vs 17%, p=0.75). We found no significant differences between groups in rates of cellulitis or sepsis at presentation (9 vs 10%, p=0.8; 5 vs 8%, p=0.32) or during admission (16 vs 18%, p=0.54; 5 vs 8%, p=0.32). The mean number of surgeries per patient was 2 in both groups. Rates of autografting (62 vs 56%, p=0.24), lengths of stay (16 vs 17 days, p=0.34), readmissions (2 vs 4%, p=0.11), and deaths (2 vs 2%, p=0.74) were also similar. There were several complicated cases of delayed care in the COVID group after burns were evaluated initially via telemedicine, including one patient who presented in septic shock, though this finding did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that the pandemic did not have a significant impact on many key aspects of acute burn care in this cohort. Patients in the pandemic period did not delay treatment at a higher rate, and short-term outcomes were comparable overall between groups. Further studies will be useful in understanding the effect of the pandemic and telemedicine on burn care in a broader context. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4488 | 568 Virtualization of In-school, Teacher-Directed Prevention Programs for Children INTRODUCTION: While remote/virtual teaching has been used for many years, Covid-19 increased the need for quality educational programs in virtual format. BPN has two in-school, school-based programs, Flicks Fire and Burn Safety for grades 1-5 and The Great Escape for grades 6-8. These teacher-directed programs cover essential topics such as home fire safety, stop drop and roll, youth fire misuse, and home fire escape. They have, historically, been deployed as hard copy curriculum, student workbooks, and associated educational videos, which were physically mailed directly to classrooms within the BPN’s 24-county service area. When Covid-19 became the new reality, the need to pivot to a different type of program delivery became apparent. METHODS: BPN recruited professional educators from targeted grade levels, representing varying geographic locations and socioeconomic backgrounds to recreate these programs in a format that will work in a remote learning environment. This team researched various e-learning platforms to determine what would work best for our content and is commonly used across all school districts. We determined that Google Classroom combined with Bitmoji would best serve our needs. We recreated a set of age-appropriate lessons for each grade level from 1-8. Each grade has information that ties each lesson to the appropriate academic standard for education. We employed multiple content formats based on best practices, including videos, audio tracks, text-based articles, and more. Lastly, we virtualized activities by turning them into on-screen interactive games, puzzles, quizzes, worksheets, etc. RESULTS: Our result is a virtual program for grades 1-8 conducive to both classroom and remote learning environments. It is linked directly to academic standards for education for each grade level and includes engaging, interactive content in various forms. This format not only gives us the ability to update and add new content quickly it also gives us the ability to expand geographic distribution seamlessly. CONCLUSIONS: By utilizing platforms preferred by professional educators and integrating fire safety and burn prevention lessons into existing mandated educational standards, we can more effectively and cost-efficiently expand quality educational programming to children ages 6 – 14. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4489 | 562 Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Room Visits for Burn Injury INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic was a devastating occurrence that left millions in critical condition in emergency rooms (ER) across the country. While hospitalizations due to COVID-19 increased exponentially in the last year, several reports have indicated declines in ER use due to common non-COVID related problems. There is currently a dearth of literature examining the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency room use for acute burn injuries. Thus, we performed a retrospective database analysis using the TriNetX database to quantify the effects of COVID-19 on United States ER visits for acute burn injuries. We hypothesize that ER visits due to burn injury decreased, especially in patients with severe burn injuries- defined as burned total burn surface area (TBSA) >20%. METHODS: Patients who visited the ER from 2010-2020 due to burn injury were identified using ICD-10 codes. We then stratified these patients by age (< 18 and ≥18), severe ( >20% TBSA) vs. non-severe (< 20% TBSA) burn injury, and by change over time in 1-year intervals from 2010 to 2020. Extracted data was analyzed using chi-square with p< .05 considered significant. RESULTS: We identified a total of 24,620,393 ER visits from 2010-2020. Of these, 142,007 (0.58%) were due to burn injury. A large majority of burn-related ER visits were for non-severe burns (n=134,120, 94.4%). ER visits for acute burn injury decreased by 21.6% during 2020 when compared to years prior. Stratification by age group revealed that pediatric patients (< 18) had more significant decreases in ER Visits than adult patients (≥18). Pediatric patients visited the ER 71.6% less than adults during 2020. When stratified by burn severity, patients with severe burns ( >20% TBSA) and patients with non-severe burns (< 20% TBSA) had similar decreases in ER usage during 2020 when compared to years prior (21.7% and 24.6%, respectively). Further age analysis revealed that both pediatric patients with severe burns and pediatric patients with non-severe burns visited the ER less than their adult counterparts (71.4% and 60.9%, respectively). All of the above differences were statistically significant (p< .05). CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, there was a sharp decrease in ER usage by patients with severe and non-severe burn injuries. This decrease was particularly salient in pediatric populations across all TBSA data points measured. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4490 | 65 Therapist Confidence Utilizing Virtual Range of Motion Methods INTRODUCTION: Since the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) was officially declared a pandemic, there has been a marked increase in virtual clinical care. Between 2019 and 2020, telehealth (TH) visits, including tele-rehabilitation (TR), increased from 11% to 46%. While many therapy interventions can be performed with verbal guidance or demonstration, objective tool-based outcomes such as goniometrics , a valuable tool to determine burn survivor progress, have proved more challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of confidence of therapists using three different remote methods of measuring finger range of motion (ROM). METHODS: Therapists evaluated finger ROM position of a mannequin model via a simulated TH visit using three different methods: Goniometry (GON), Visual Estimation (VE), and Electronic Protractor (EP). Pre and post-questionnaires were used to assess the participant’s experiences and comfort with each method of measurement. Descriptive statistics are used to report clinician opinions. A linear mixed effect model was used to determine the interaction of bias as a function of clinician characteristics (i.e., experience, familiarity, etc.). RESULTS: A total of 30 therapists and one hand surgeon participated. All reported some (30%) or a lot (70%) of familiarity with standard GON, and most reported some (30%)or a lot (40%) of familiarity with finger-specific goniometry. Post-testing, clinicians reported VE (80%) as the most difficult method and EP (73%) as the easiest. Only 7% reported feeling more confident with TR compared to in-person measurements, 27% felt equally confident, and 67% felt less confident. The average time to conduct the remote assessment measurement was 11:45 minutes using GON, 4:27 minutes using VE and 9:47 minutes using EP. There was not a significant relationship between performance bias and years of experience (p=0.587), familiarity with GON (p=0.406), familiarity with finger GON (p=0.709) or profession (p=0.281). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the transition to virtual care, the mandate for valid and accurate documentation of functional outcome measures, including ROM, remains. Our study showed that the tools used for TR may not be the same as for in-person and clinicians need to adapt their approaches and skillsets. In addition, training with these new tools is essential for clinician confidence. In addition, there was not a relationship between experience and performance, suggesting that TR joint measurement is accessible to clinicians of all experience levels with proper training. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4491 | 770 Increasing SOAR Participation in a Burn Center through a Social Work Team Approach INTRODUCTION: Peer support has long been used in Burn Centers through organized support groups and programs like Phoenix Society for Burn Survivor’s SOAR (Survivors Offering Assistance in Recovery) individual peer support, often led by Social Workers (SW). The addition of an ambulatory SW in partnership with an inpatient SW allowed our Burn Center to continue participation in the group and individual peer support offerings despite the simultaneous COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to examine participation in support services using our dual SW model. METHODS: Prior to 2020, our ABA verified Burn Center only had an inpatient SW who was able to engage our admitted patient population to support services. With the addition of an ambulatory SW, we have been able to target support group participation in the larger ambulatory population. Our dual SW model allows for continued recruitment to our support services; meeting the patient’s needs at each stage of recovery. This tag team approach, coupled with increased use of technology driven by the pandemic, has shown to increase the average number of participants. We reviewed our support group participation and attendance over the past 2 years. RESULTS: In calendar year 2020 with one SW facilitator, only 14 virtual support groups were held with an attendance average of 4-5 participants and 22 individual peer support visits. In only the first 9 months of calendar year 2021 with the addition of a second SOAR trained SW, 18 support groups were completed virtually with new inpatient, in-person participation. The participation rate of now bi-monthly support groups has increased to 9 participants per support group average. At this continued rate, we expect to serve 216 attendees per year through support group. In this same 9-month span 51 SOAR individual peer support visits (12 in-person and 39 virtual), were conducted. Which is an increase from the 22 total peer support visits facilitated in 2020. CONCLUSIONS: An additional SOAR trained SW to our Burn Center has increased participation and availability of support groups and individual peer support visits. Peer support promotes socialization and can provide healing for the burn patients and their families in a meaningful and profound way. Burn centers must continue to prioritize the role of the clinical SW to ensure programs such as SOAR support group and individual peer support can be facilitated to ensure an environment that fosters psychological and emotional healing. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4492 | 506 Hidradenitis Suppurativa Reddit Support Group: Finding New Meaning in Social Media during the COVID-19 Pandemic INTRODUCTION: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammation of sweat glands that can result in abscesses and scarring, significantly impacting quality of life. Online support groups provide a platform to connect with other HS patients – increasingly important with pandemic-related social isolation. The popular social media site Reddit allows users with common interests, like HS, to form a community and share information. This study characterizes HS patients’ use of Reddit and social media more broadly before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This study consisted of a cross-sectional survey of HS patients treated at our institution between May 2021 and July 2021, collecting data on patient demographics, HS status, and social media support group usage/interest. A longitudinal analysis of use of a popular HS support page on Reddit from January 2019 to August 2021 was also conducted, analyzing the number of subscribers over time. RESULTS: The number of subscribers to the subreddit r/Hidradenitis increased exponentially from January 2019 to August 2021 (R(2)= 0.9978 for exponential model fit to data); this suggests that the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a greater increase in the number of subreddit subscribers. Further, 20 patients (90% female, mean age of 32.4 years) completed the survey that was administered. Participants were stratified into two groups: online support group users (n=8) and non-users (n=12). There were no significant differences in sex, age, education level, HS activity, antidepressant usage, and overall social media usage between these groups. However, there was a significant difference in Hurley staging between the two groups; 75% (n=6) of online support group users reported a Hurley III staging, while only 16.7% (n=2) of non-users self-reported as Hurley III (p=0.003). In terms of features patients desired to see in online support groups, non-users ranked the following categories of advice/information as important more frequently than current users: bandaging/dressing boils, living with HS, medical advice from professionals, causes of HS, and diet (p=0.047, p=0.043, p=0.043, p=0.047, and p=0.013, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that online support group use is associated with patients with HS of higher clinical severity. Since virtual support groups have an unprecedented importance due to increased social isolation and limited access to in-person support groups and health resources, healthcare providers may encourage non-users to partake in these online support communities during these trying times. Based on the needs and expectations of these patients as identified in this study, recommendations can be made to moderators of online communities to help fill any existing lacunae. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4493 | 752 Baking Bread and Other New Hobbies: Characterizing Burn Center Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic INTRODUCTION: The effects of the ongoing COVID19 pandemic are wide-reaching and still emerging. Fear of the virus, public health messaging, and government-instituted lockdowns have altered how Americans live, work, and use the healthcare system. There is minimal data that assesses how the COVID-19 pandemic and associated stay at home orders have influenced the etiology of burn injuries. With the majority of burns occurring in the home, it is possible lock down orders have significantly impacted etiology of major burn injuries. This project aims to characterize the demographics and injury characteristics of burn patients seen at a regional burn center during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Following IRB approval, our institution queried it’s burn registry from March 2020-June 2021. Data on demographics, injury circumstance and details, interventions, COVID-19 status, and outcomes were collected. Descriptive statistics were obtained for the population. RESULTS: There were 622 inpatient admissions during the study timeframe. Patients were primarily Black (44.4%) or Caucasian (32.6%) males (65.6%) identifying as Non-Hispanic (81.8%). The mean age was 46.73±18.6 years. Mean total TBSA burned was 6.7±10.7%, 2nd and 3rd degree percentages were 2.11±4.64 and 0.62±5.2 respectively with 47 total inhalation injuries. Top burn etiologies were 244 (39.2%) scald and 175 (28.1%) flame with 249 (40%) coded etiology associated with food prep or consumption. The majority of the burns occurred at home (93%). Time from injury to admission was 616.98±2199.42 minutes and time to first excision from admission was 4314.3 ± 5657.3 minutes. ICU and hospital length of stay were 12.7±18.3 and 8.73±13.3 days. In-hospital mortality was 31 (5%). Nineteen patients tested positive for COVID-19 during this time. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly half of all burn center admissions were for cooking related etiologies during this time. Time to admission was over 10 hours in a population dense area. More information of site specific pre-pandemic etiology and treatment data are needed to fully understand these initial findings. Further sub-analyses may also elucidate the influence of pandemic related behavioral changes as public health mandates evolved over time. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4494 | 773 Insurance Coverage Does Not Increase Risk of Depression and Anxiety in Burn Patients INTRODUCTION: A burn injury can have long-term mental and physical effects on individual patients. When burn injuries occur at work, there is an additional unfamiliar stress of income loss and dependence on a third-party payer. Patients with claims through the Bureau of Worker’s Compensation (BWC) report frustration and overall dissatisfaction in working with the BWC to achieve claim coverage. Of workers who are off of work more than 5 days due to a work-related injury, 10% are diagnosed with depression in the 12 months following the injury (Carnide, 2016). In our clinic, screening for depression and anxiety is done through the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4), a valid four-item assessment tool that utilizes a Likert style measurement to assess symptoms of depression and anxiety (Kroenke et al., 2009). This is a health questionnaire that determines a patient’s risk for depression and anxiety as mild, moderate, or severe. OBJECTIVE: To determine if there is a correlation between insurance type and PHQ-4 scores in burn patients. We hypothesized that risk of depression and anxiety could differ based on payer, which can affect a patient’s access to care, referral approval, and financial burden of treatment. Additional focus was placed on BWC patients due to their reported frustrations and dissatisfaction in working with BWC and the established correlation between depression and missed work. METHODS: A quality improvement project was initiated based on increased rates of referrals for psychological evaluation and treatment in BWC patients. A retrospective review was conducted of outpatient burn clinic visits where a PHQ-4 questionnaire was completed in the past 3 fiscal years: 7/1/2019-6/30/2021. RESULTS: Total of 1932 visits with PHQ-4 collection were reviewed within the above specified time frame. The rates of moderate and high-risk scores for anxiety and depression were highest with BWC and Medicaid patients. Patients with private insurance showed a lower risk of moderate and severe depression. However, there was no significant difference when comparing BWC verses all other insurance. Table 1 CONCLUSIONS: Overall there was no significant difference in risk of anxiety and depression with BWC versus other insurance coverage based on PHQ-4 scores. Limitations of the study include no distinction of extent of burn injury/burn depth, burn care/treatments, length of hospital stay if any; no distinction was made amongst BWC patients and their length of time off of work. A portion of the timeframe reviewed was during the COVID-19 pandemic. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4495 | 547 Clinical Outcomes for Burned Patients with Covid-19 INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 epidemic has affected all aspects of medical care including a reduction in elective procedures, however, the incidence of burns and treatment for this condition has continued undaunted. Some of these patients were also diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, but it is unclear what effect, if any the SARS-CoV 2 virus has on patients recovering from a burn injury. In this study we examined the outcomes of burned patients with a concomitant diagnosis of SARS-CoV 2 virus. METHODS: We examined a de-identified database of patient electronic medical records across 55 health care associations containing over 75 million patients. ICD 10 codes were used to identify those with thermal or chemical burns from January 1, 2020 to July 31, 2021 and those also diagnosed with Sars-CoV 2 virus infection within 1 month of injury. We found 49,501 patients suffered burns during the study time period; of these 474 patients (0.96%) also experienced a concomitant COVID-19 infection. We compared outcomes based on ICD 10 and CPT codes. RESULTS: We found no significant increase in mortality between groups during the study period. However, we did find a significant increase in infections, pneumonia, respiratory failure and sepsis in those with Sars-CoV infection (p< 0.05). However, there was no significant increase in ventilator management days (p >0.05) In terms of wound healing, patients with COVID-19 also experienced significantly more excision and grafting procedures and had a higher incidence of hypertrophic scarring (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 infection is well known to worsen respiratory outcomes, but in burned patients was also associated with an increase in other infections and poorer wound outcomes. These outcomes may emanate from a change in inflammatory status for patients with the SAR-CoV 2 virus infection. This is the first broad-based study to examine outcomes of burn victims with concomitant SARS-CoV 2 infection. Further investigation is indicated as more long-term data becomes available. | J Burn Care Res | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4496 | Gender Differences in Self-efficacy for Programming Narrowed After a 2-h Science Museum Workshop Many girls believe they have little natural ability in computer science and girls’ perception of self-efficacy beliefs for programming is generally low. Offering engaging hands-on programming activities could be a beneficial strategy to increase girls’ self-efficacy beliefs for programming since it has the potential to offer them exposure to mastery experiences. However, a programming workshop in a museum might not offer ideal settings to promote girls’ mastery experiences in programming because of its short duration and how gender stereotypes may impact the participation in hands-on activities. In the research presented here, we explore how a science museum’s introductory programming workshop focused on robotics can impact pupils’ self-efficacy beliefs for programming related to mastery experiences, with a specific focus on girls. H1—Prior to the programming workshop, it is expected that girls’ self-efficacy beliefs will be lower than boys’. H2—Boys generally have more positive experiences with STEM activities than girls, irrespective of experimental condition. Thus, following the workshop, we predict that girls’ and boys’ self-efficacy for programming will have increased, but that boy’s self-efficacy beliefs will remain higher than girls’. In total, 172 pupils (94 girls) aged 10–14 years completed a Mastery Experiences in Programming questionnaire before and after taking part in a programming workshop. Our results show that after a 2-h programming workshop in a science museum, gender differences in self-efficacy for programming initially observed narrowed and even disappeared. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4497 | Assessment of impacts of altered environmental flow on fishing in lower Damodar river basin, India Rivers are one of the prime sources of freshwater and act as the arteries of the Earth. While the growing pressure of meeting freshwater demands through extensive large and small-scale water infrastructures is indispensable, maintaining the river's natural flow is vital in sustaining the aquatic ecosystem harbored within it. Hence, it is essential to regulate the environmental flow for the sustainability of the rivers and their ecosystem management. This paper focused on analyzing the importance of maintaining the environmental flow by computing the degree of deviation in the river flow regime from the natural flow conditions. It used the Range of Variability Approach (RVA) to calculate the degree of deviation while also lending a special focus on the implications of altered river flow regime on the socio-economic activities especially fishing as a livelihood for the communities residing along the flanks of river Damodar in the downstream region. The daily discharge data measured during pre-and post-dam construction at the Durgapur barrage site of the lower Damodar river basin were used to compute the degree of alteration. It applied the convergent parallel mixed methodology to simultaneously analyse the qualitative responses and the quantitative data to effectively interpret the impact of altered environmental flow on the fishing livelihood of the communities. Thus, the analysis emphasized the importance of maintaining the environmental flow for ensuring the well-being of humans reliant on river systems. This shall also accentuate and contribute to the idea of balancing between development and sustainability. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4498 | Atmospheric Aerosols: Some Highlights and Highlighters, Past to Recent Years The severe harmful impact of atmospheric aerosols over the environment leads to create the diverse human interests and concerns. Various progressive steps were taken by researchers and scientists to understand the fundamentals, such as nucleation and growth mechanisms, formalization of particle dynamics, characterization of the mechanisms for the particle-size dispensation, detection of chemical processes for atmospheric particle sources. The increase in population growth and different manmade activities have led to change in the environmental conditions causes to pollute the distinct vicinities. Different changes in the environment such as land use pattern, increased concentration of various greenhouse gases, and Industrial pollutants change the energy balance in our climatic conditions and affect the radiation budget of earth’ atmosphere. Such changes in climate and polluted environment leads to many health-related ailments to mankind. The present study outlines the recent research perspectives of atmospheric aerosols, their estimation through different modes, effects, and an overview of the current situations that need to be addressed before they become completely incorporated. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4499 | Covid 19-some Lessons from Public Administrations for Humanistic Management In order to understand how the logic of public management can enrich humanistic management’s practices, the current paper will analyze the managerial practices adopted by public administrations within a situation of emergency, a condition where the specific features of the public management can emerge more clearly. Specifically, it will focus on the ways in which the municipality of Bergamo (one of the hardest-hit cities) have reacted to the Covid-19 pandemic, outlining interesting managerial practices especially from the point of view of Humanistic Management’s theory. Such interest resides also in the fact that although the Humanistic Management’s field of research has dealt with a wide range of topics (including human development, emancipation and progress), so far, however, it has not yet considered public administrations, whose role is by definition oriented towards human development through the creation of public value. The analysis of public management through the lens of Humanistic Management can be useful in various respects. Above all, the difference between public administrations and private enterprises can also lead to a very much different process of value creation, based on collaborative forms of production as well as relational and reflexive forms of management. In accordance with the Humanistic Management framework, also business organizations must generate social wellbeing. From this point of view, the lesson of public administrations can be extremely useful for business organization and management alike. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 4500 | The relationship between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels and diastolic heart failure in patients with COVID-19 Diastolic dysfunction has been reported in patients with COVID-19. Due to the role of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in the diagnosis of heart failure, this study investigated the relationship between serum NT-proBNP levels and diastolic heart failure in patients with COVID-19. This descriptive-analytical study was performed at Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol. Fifty-two patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, who were admitted to the ICU, were included in this study. The primary outcome was about the relationship and predictive role of NT-proBNP and diastolic heart failure in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with pro BNP > 125 pg/ml underwent echocardiography, and the relationship between echocardiographic indices and NT-proBNP was assessed as the secondary outcome. Our study showed that plasma NT-proBNP levels in patients with increased diastolic dysfunction were associated with disease severity. It was also found that the cut-off point of NT-proBNP = 799 pg/ml could be a predictor of diastolic dysfunction grades two and three. In this study, patients with a serum NT-proBNP level > 799 had 37 times higher chance of having diastolic dysfunction than those with a serum NT-proBNP < 799. Patients with NT-proBNP > 556 had RV_EA > 2 in echocardiography, indicating increased right-sided filling pressures. Despite the confounding factors in the interpretation of the NT-proBNP level in COVID-19, its level can be used to estimate the presence of high-grade diastolic heart failure on the left side and the right side of the heart and the presence of high filling pressures. Lower levels of NT-proBNP are associated with right-sided diastolic failure. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 |
(1) COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). 2020. Version 2022-06-02. Retrieved from https://ai2-semanticscholar-cord-19.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/historical_releases.html. Accessed 2022-06-05. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3715506
(2) Chen Q, Allot A, & Lu Z. (2020) Keep up with the latest coronavirus research, Nature 579:193 and Chen Q, Allot A, Lu Z. LitCovid: an open database of COVID-19 literature. Nucleic Acids Research. 2020. (version 2023-01-10)
(3) Currently tweets of June 23rd to June 29th 2022 have been considered.