This version of BIP! Finder aims to ease the exploration of COVID-19-related literature by enabling ranking articles based on various impact metrics.
Last Update: 18 - 01 - 2023 (628506 entries)
Popularity: Citation-based measure reflecting the current impact.
Influence: Citation-based measure reflecting the total impact.
Reader Attention: The current number of Mendeley readers.
Social Media Attention: The number of recent tweets related to this article.
*More details on these impact measures can be found here.
Exceptional score (in top 0.01%).
Substantial score (in top 1%).
Average score (in bottom 99%).
Score not available.
CORD-19 dataset(1) (list of papers)
LitCovid hub(2) (list of papers)
PMC & PubMed (citations)
Mendeley (number of readers)
COVID-19-TweetIDs(3) (tweets)
| Title | Venue | Year | Impact | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2951 | Cognitive rehabilitation in Covid-19 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type BACKGROUND: Dementia of Alzheimer’s type has been characterized as marked deterioration in cognitive processes. The impairment has been progressive and could not be reverse because of its irreversible nature. However, there are some therapies or intervention like Cognitive Rehabilitation which have been proved to be effective for DAT in enhancing the patients' abilities to manage for decreased cognitive functioning. Recent scenario brings an attention on differences in cognitive rehabilitation in dementia of Alzheimer’s disease patients with Covid 19 positive (experimental group) and dementia of Alzheimer’s disease patients with Covid 19 negative (control group). METHOD: The present study has been an attempt to compare the effect of video games in cognitive rehabilitation in experimental and control group by incorporating a definite time, frequency and duration for video games in their activities of daily living on 2 cases each for experimental and control group who were matched on Hindi version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). RESULT: The findings revealed that the score of MoCA has been increased by mean of 1.5 point in dementia of Alzheimer’s disease patients with Covid 19 positive and mean of 2.5 points in dementia of Alzheimer’s disease patients with Covid 19 negative. CONCLUSION: The cognitive rehabilitation using video games has been effective in both experimental and control group, however, it was better in control group as compared to experimental group. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2952 | P5-33: Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitalizations for pneumonia in Brazil | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2953 | Neuroimaging and neuropathological findings in older adults with COVID-19: A cognitive-neuroscience systematic review to inform the long-term impact of the virus on neurocognitive trajectories BACKGROUND: Infection due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has been found to have detrimental effects on multiple body systems, especially in older adults. Acute neurological symptoms may be present and often associated with neural injuries. However, the long‐term consequences of COVID‐19 on neurocognitive functioning are still unknown. Therefore, this systematic review aims to summarise neuroimaging and neuropathological findings in patients with COVID‐19 aged ≥ 60 within a cognitive neuroscientific perspective, to clarify which brain areas may be more affected and the possible cognitive consequences. METHOD: Two databases (PubMed and Web of Science) were searched to identify all relevant manuscripts published between 1st March 2020 and 14th September 2020. The papers were screened and selected for inclusion by two independent assessors. Additional relevant studies not detected by the literature search were added manually. RESULT: A total of 74 studies were included. A wide variety of neural findings in older patients with COVID‐19 emerged from most studies, with a prominent role played by cerebrovascular damage. Structural and functional abnormalities were reported in all brain areas. The most consistent findings were observed in white matter, brainstem and fronto‐temporal areas. Moreover, viral DNA was also detected mainly in olfactory, orbitofrontal and brainstem areas. CONCLUSION: The vast literature on the link between COVID‐19 and neural damage is currently limited to the description of hospitalised patients who either had a fatal outcome or severe symptoms. The damage observed in this population seems acute and largely irreversible, mainly in neural regions involved in major functional cognitive networks. It is currently unknown whether the long‐term impact of COVID‐19 will be limited to the chronic evolution of acute events or whether novel mechanisms will emerge. Future theoretical frameworks describing the long‐term impact of COVID‐19 infection on mental abilities will have to factor in major trends of aetiological and topographic heterogeneity. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2954 | Investigating the prevalence of cognitive impairment in mild and moderate COVID-19 patients two months post-discharge: Associations with physical fitness and respiratory function BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence and associations of cognitive impairment in previously COVID‐19 patients 2 months after discharge. METHOD: Our study included previously hospitalized, consecutive COVID‐19 patients with mild to moderate disease, followed up 2 months post discharge at a tertiary hospital’s outpatient clinic during May 2021. Exclusion criteria included intensive care unit admission, intubation, or a history of neurodegenerative disease and stroke prior to COVID‐19. Prior to inclusion, eligible patients had provided written informed consent. The full battery of measurements in our study included demographics, medical and family history, anthropometrics, the 6‐minute walk test (6MWT), the Borg Dyspnea Scale, spirometry, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Short Form 36 health Survey (SF‐36), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Symptom Checklist 90‐R (SLC90‐R), reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs) and plasma antioxidant capacity (PAT test; FRAS5, Parma, Italy). Cognitive impairment was considered on a MoCA cutoff ≤24. Data are presented as mean ±SD or Frequencies (%). Correlations between continuous data were assessed via the Spearman’s Rho correlation coefficient, whereas associations were assessed via multiple linear regression (MLR) models. For all tests, a p‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 32 subjects were included in the study (35 Male, 17 Female; Mean age of 61.6±9.4). A total of 56.2% presented with cognitive decline (CD) as indicated by a MoCA score <24. Principal component analysis revealed that short‐term memory impairments and multidomain impairment without short‐term memory deficits were the predominant patterns of cognitive impairment. MoCA score correlated with age (ρ=‐0.513, p=0.003), waist circumference (ρ=‐0.388, p=0.028) waist to hip ratio (ρ=‐0.361, p=0.042) and SpO(2) during 6MWT (1(st), 4(th) and 6(th) minute; p<0.05). MLR indicated that after adjusting for age and gender, SpO(2) at the 6(th) minute of the 6MWT was independently associated with MoCA score (Beta=0.579, p‐value=0.001). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that among 32 outpatient clinic subjects, 56.2% presented with cognitive decline. The associations with oxygen saturation and physical condition as detected by the 6MWT may indicate overlap with post‐COVID‐19 fatigue and warrants further investigation. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2955 | Cognitive decline and healthy aging: An online activities and psychoeducational program for older adults in the context of COVID-19 pandemic: Preliminary results BACKGROUND: The preventive and compulsory social isolation regulations due to COVID‐19 affected the entire population, but this became more emphasized in the group of older adults. Many older adults who attended workshops, retirement centers and clubs had to interrupt their activities. This has impacted negatively on their activity level, socialization, and emotional state. The aim of the present study is to analyze preliminary results of the implementation of an online activities and psychoeducational program to prevent cognitive decline and promote healthy aging habits in older adults who live in Argentina in the context of Covid‐19 Pandemic. METHOD: Design: Descriptive study. Subjects: 396 self‐validated older adults, male and female. Instruments: socio‐demographic and social participation questionnaire. Procedure: The intervention consists of a series of workshops (yoga, meditation, gym, singing lessons, memory, preparation for retirement and reflection about grief) and monthly specialist ´s talks on different topics about healthy aging. All the activities where done through zoom platform. All participants where offer one to one capacitation and written material about how to use this platform. Older adults could choose in how many activities they would take part in. RESULT: Data of 396 older adults who have taken part in the on‐line version of the program on 2020 indicate that median age was 70.66 years old (ds= 8,7) of which 86 % were women. 73 % took part in specialists talks and 68 % on workshops and talks. CONCLUSION: These results provide empirical evidence regarding the need to implement online intervention programs for older adults. Participating in an online educational program could increase participant’s cognitive healthy habits literacy, empowerment and engagement in brain health promotion activities, which in turn could reduce their dementia risk and feeling of loneliness in pandemic context. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2956 | Utility and usability of brief, remote and self-administered cognitive assessment for older adults with intact cognition and mild cognitive impairment: A novel approach to increase access during the COVID-19 pandemic BACKGROUND: Given the COVID‐19 pandemic and necessary restrictions on older adults’ in‐person clinical and research exposure, there is an urgent need for validated cognitive measures that can be self‐administered remotely in the home to expand the reach of cognitive assessment. The current presentation describes the implementation, validity, and usability of the Survey for Memory, Attention, and Reaction Time (SMART) assessment protocol that has been deployed in longitudinal cohort studies of older adults for over two years. METHOD: Participants were 69 older adults classified as cognitively intact (n=44) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n=25). The SMART was sent to participants via email once per month. Participants completed SMART using their computer (n=55), tablet (n=10), or smart phone (n=4). The SMART consists of four face‐valid cognitive tasks available in the public domain assessing visual memory, attention, processing speed, and executive functioning. Participants also completed a neuropsychological battery and self‐ and informant‐rated measures of everyday cognition. Primary SMART outcomes consisted of subtest completion time; secondary meta‐metrics included outcomes indirectly calculated within the SMART (e.g., click count, total completion time). Analyses were based on initial SMART administration. RESULT: Stepwise logistic regression analyses indicated that the SMART executive functioning subtasks (Trails B Completion Time (p=.05) and Stroop Click Count (p=.02)) were the strongest predictors of cognitive status (MCI vs. cognitively intact). Longer Total Completion Time (i.e., worse performance) on the SMART was correlated with reduced global cognition and lower self‐ and informant‐rated perceptions of everyday cognition (p<.05). The SMART was rated as highly usable (M=21.8 out of 25), with no difference in MCI and cognitively intact group scores. Over a three‐month period, 87% of participants completed the SMART within the first three days of receiving it, with 100% completion following a reminder call. CONCLUSION: This study provides preliminary support for remote, self‐administered cognitive assessment of cognitively intact and MCI older adults using the SMART. Given the prevalence of executive functioning deficits among non‐amnestic MCI presentations, the SMART may prove particularly valuable for increasing access to cognitive assessment for diverse, heterogenous older adults with increased vascular risk factors, medical comorbidities, and health disparities. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2957 | Telemedicine in French memory clinics during Covid-19 crisis BACKGROUND: In early 2020, COVID‐19 outbreak struck France leading to a national lockdown between March 17(th) and May 11(th). While standard in‐person medical consultation was complicated, telemedicine dramatically expanded. In order to evaluate the impact of this unpreceded situation on clinical practice and use of psychoactive drug in dementia care, we conducted a nationwide clinical prospective and retrospective study. METHOD: During the lockdown period, telemedicine patients’ demographic and clinical data were retrospectively collected from 7 French memory clinics (telemedicine cohort). Clinical diagnoses, treatment changes, cognitive modifications since last consultations and living conditions during the lockdown were systematically retrieved. In Rouen site, we also included patients only reached by a secretary to propose a postponed visit after lockdown (no‐telemedicine cohort) and patients seen in 2019 during the same period of the year (Rouen‐2019). The primary outcome was any change in psychoactive drug and a specific analysis on sedative treatment increase was the secondary outcome, defined as any increase in the prescriptions of antipsychotics or benzodiazepines. RESULT: The telemedicine cohort included 874 patients (73 from Rouen), while no‐telemedicine control cohort and Rouen‐2019 cohorts included respectively 86 and 234 patients (table 1). In the telemedicine cohort, treatments were modified for 10.7% of the patients with more treatment modification among the patients living with a relative (+5.8% (CI95% [0.2%; 11.4%] p=0.04) and among the patients with Alzheimer’s disease (+12.2% (CI95% [7.1%; 17.3%] p<0.001). When comparing therapeutic strategies in 2020 and 2019 for Rouen site, 24.6% of the patients had their treatment modified in 2020 and 12.4% in 2019. That difference was however not statically significant with an adjusted percentage difference of ‐4% (CI95% [‐10.8%; 3.4%] p=0.27, including the telemedicine and no‐telemedicine cohorts for 2020. CONCLUSION: Telemedicine seems to have had only minor negative impacts on clinical practice in memory clinics. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2958 | Neuro-COVID: Does severe COVID-19 infection increase the risk for cognitive impairment? BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have been reported in the acute phase, especially in critically ill patients. The potential mechanisms underlying these symptoms are not fully understood but probably involves the inflammatory, vascular, and neurotropic effect of the coronavirus. While short‐, mid‐and long‐term consequences remain unclear, patients with neurocognitive sequelae reminiscent of other cognitive disorders, including AD have been reported. The aim of this study is to investigate if there is an increased risk for long‐term cognitive dysfunction/impairment, biochemical and structural brain changes after a severe COVID‐19. METHOD: This is a prospective cohort study of 80 patients surviving intensive‐care for COVID‐19 at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. They will be examined at 3, 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge using neurological and neuropsychological (NP) tests combined with novel quantitative brain MRI and serial blood sampling to described relevant blood‐borne molecular patterns. This presentation focuses on NP testing, cognitive, mental, and neurological aspects at 3 months follow‐up. Cognitive testing and questionnaires (NP) include Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test Rey Complex Figure test, Verbal Fluency Test, Category flow, Trail Making Test Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Mental Fatigue Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, RAND‐36, AD8 Dementia Screening Interview and Subjective cognitive decline questions. A detailed neurological examination (neurologist), including Expanded Disability Status Scale, an adapted version of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale for extrapyramidal dysfunction, and a brief smell test. RESULTS: At present, 28 participants have completed the 3‐months follow‐up visit, including neuropsychological and neurological examinations. Mean age (SD) at baseline was 57.8 (11.1) years, and 68% were men. Several patients expressed cognitive and/or mental concerns and fatigue. The neuropsychological and neurological examinations have so far revealed varying and mixed patterns. Brain MRI revealed mainly microvascular pathology. Detailed analyses, including blood biomarkers for neuronal injury and astrocytic activation, based on the 3‐months examination will be presented. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated examinations will allow further analyses on longer term impact on cognition and underlying mechanisms. This may identify patients at risk and possible ways to mitigate cognitive complications, which is of great importance to reduce the pandemic's negative effects and socioeconomic burden. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2959 | COVID-19: Prevalence evaluation of anxiety, depression and burden in Argentine family caregivers BACKGROUND: Since WHO declaration of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the Argentine Ministry of Health considered pregnant women, over 60 years old adults, and people suffering from chronic diseases as cohorts at risk. In this context, older adults diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases as well as their family caregivers were affected by radical changes in the dynamics of health care and a consequent limitation of help resources. The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of anxiety, geriatric depression, and burden in Argentine family caregivers within the COVID‐19 pandemic context. It also aims at evaluating the correlation between these variables. METHOD: Design: Non‐experimental, descriptive‐correlational study. Procedure: Between April and August 2020, an online survey was administered to 180 senescent family caregivers of both sexes, living in Argentina. Instruments: Ad‐hoc sociodemographic and psychosocial questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD‐7), Yesavage Geriatric Depression Questionnaire (GDS‐VE), and Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale (Argentine validated version). RESULT: The study cohort mean age was 67 years old (sd = 6), 81% were women, and 56% were daugthers of the assisted family member. Regarding analyzed variables, 46% of the survey respondents presented depression, 68% caregiver burden, and 71% anxiety. A positive, moderate correlation was observed between geriatric depression and anxiety (“r”: .468, p: .000). CONCLUSION: The results provide empirical evidence of the impact of care tasks on emotions of family caregivers within the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic. These findings invite devising necessary and possible anticipated intervention strategies, specially facing the second wave of the pandemic. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2960 | Exploring the unmet needs facing individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias during the COVID-19 pandemic BACKGROUND: Many adults with ADRD rely on support from friends, family members, social service agencies, and their communities to meet their basic needs. It is unclear if COVID‐19 mitigation policies have made it more difficult for individuals with ADRD to receive this support. The objective of this study was to explore the types of unmet needs experienced by adults with ADRD in the United States during the COVID‐19 pandemic as well as the characteristics of adults with ADRD that are experiencing unmet needs. METHOD: We performed a cross‐sectional analysis of the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) summer and fall 2020 COVID‐19 supplemental surveys. The MCBS uses complex survey design to provide a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries. There were 20,800 survey participants in total and 4.07% have received a diagnosis with ADRD. Logistic regression was used to examine the characteristics of those reporting one or more unmet need. RESULT: 16.61% Medicare beneficiaries with ADRD reported having one or more unmet needs during the COVID‐19 pandemic (vs. 16.52% Medicare beneficiaries without ADRD, p=0.956). While beneficiaries with and without ADRD had no difference in unmet needs surrounding rent/mortgage, food, supplies, and medications, adults with ADRD had higher rates of unmet need for healthcare services (8.86% vs. 5.77%, p=0.008). Adults with ADRD were more likely to report having an unmet need between March‐June than between July‐November (18.10% vs. 7.84%, p<0.001). Among those with ADRD, individuals with depression (AOR=2.25, p=0.001) and multimorbidity (AOR=1.79, p=0.030) reported significantly higher unmet need, after controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance, and geographic location. As compared with individuals without ADRD, individuals with co‐existing ADRD and depression (p<0.001) or co‐existing ADRD and multimorbidity (p<0.001) reported higher likelihood of having unmet needs. CONCLUSION: Many adults with ADRD experienced unmet need during the first 4 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic. We also found that the ADRD patients with depression and complex health needs who require greatest number of healthcare services were more likely to voice unmet needs. The residual impact of unmet needs during the early pandemic months and on‐high risk subpopulations is currently unknown. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2961 | P1-77: Long-COVID syndrome associated with COVID-19 pneumonia | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2962 | U.S. long-term services and supports, Covid-19, & dementia: Impacts and opportunities for policy change BACKGROUND: The COVID‐19 pandemic brings the many historical challenges of the long‐term services and supports (LTSS) system in the United States (U.S.) into clear focus. Inequalities across race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) as well as an increased burden on family care partners have been amplified by the pandemic. In spite of multiple reform attempts and an increasing population of older adults living with multiple, chronic health conditions including Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia (ADRD), who will need some form of long‐term care during their lifetime policy reform has remained elusive. Primary blame for the high rates of COVID‐19 infections and deaths have largely been assigned to formal LTSS care settings. Yet, more systemic problems have become clear during the pandemic: the failure of coordination of the U.S. public health system at the federal level and the effects of long‐term disinvestment and neglect of state and local level public health programs. Taken together, these failures contributed to an inability to coordinate with the LTSS system and act early to protect residents and staff in the LTSS care settings. METHOD: We analyze several impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the U.S. LTSS system and existing policy arrangements. RESULT: Policies U.S. policymakers can implement include uniform public reporting of COVID‐19 cases in licensed LTSS settings, identifying and supporting unpaid care partners, increased support for the direct care workforce, increased coordination between public health departments and LTSS agencies and providers, enhancing collaboration and communication across health, LTSS, and public health systems, further reducing barriers to telehealth in LTSS, and providing incentives to care for our most vulnerable populations. The analysis also demonstrates that comprehensive reform is required in order to build the LTSS system that is needed through comprehensive workforce development, universal coverage through comprehensive financing reform, and the creation of an age‐friendly public health system. CONCLUSION: The COVID‐19 pandemic has exposed the deficits of the U.S. LTSS system and made clear the interdependence of LTSS with public health. Several policy responses to the pandemic would help provide the LTSS system that is needed to care for people living with dementia. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2963 | Disentangling the relationship between apolipoprotein E, cardiovascular disease, COVID-19, dementia and mortality BACKGROUND: The apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) is the most important single determinant of dementia risk but has also been implicated in life span. Specifically, the APOE ε4 allele is associated with lower odds of longevity and the APOE ε2 allele with higher odds. Other diseases that may explain the association between APOE and mortality are cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The aim of this study is to examine the relative contribution of mediators by which APOE affects the risk of mortality. METHOD: We conducted this study in UK Biobank, a large prospective cohort of 459,227 subjects with extensive genotypic and phenotypic data. Data on mortality and morbidities were obtained via the UK death registry and hospital record linkage up to September 2020. Cox regression was performed to determine the effect of APOE adjusting for age, sex, and lifestyle factors (body mass index, smoking status, and education). RESULT: In total, 29,208 subjects died during follow‐up. APOE ε34 (Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.08 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.05‐1.11) and APOE ε44 (1.38,1.29‐1.48) were significantly associated with increased mortality, while the APOE ε23 genotype was associated with a decreased risk (0.96, 0.93‐0.99). We conducted a formal mediation analysis evaluating the contribution of dementia, CVD and COVID‐19 as putative mediators of this relationship. We found that 77.8% of the association of APOE ε44 to mortality could be explained by dementia, 8.1% could be explained by CVD and 1.1% could be explained by COVID‐19. Further adjustment for dementia attenuated the mediation effect of CVD from 8.1% to a significant 4.8%. After adjustment for dementia, the observed mediation effect of COVID‐19 became non‐significant. There was no evidence of a significant association between APOE and the risk of mortality in patients with dementia. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that APOE is associated with mortality by increasing the incidence of dementia and that the relative contribution of CVD and COVID‐19 is small. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2964 | P5-87: Time course of oxygen demand in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2965 | Public management in turbulent times: COVID-19 as an ecosystem disruptor The decentralisation of Swedish healthcare closer to citizens has been slow. Drawing from empirical material of the reform prior and amidst the COVID‐19 pandemic, this paper argues that the pandemic has disrupted the healthcare ecosystem. Consequently, citizen‐centred collaborations have accelerated integration of resources (such as knowledge and skills) across organisational, hierarchical and professional borders. However, collaborations have been delimited to traditional healthcare providers, neglecting the resources of citizens and other actors to be used to improve service delivery. The pandemic has revealed strengths and weaknesses with the prevailing healthcare ecosystem that post‐COVID‐19 public management must address, both theoretically and practically. Theoretically, the paper contributes to the development of a public service logic, addressing both strengths and difficulties with the logic in turbulent times. Practically, the empirical descriptions contribute to improved understanding of public service delivery reform and how it is impacted during the pandemic. | N/A | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2966 | Psychosocial effects of coronavirus measures on (pre-)dementia patients during 2nd lockdown BACKGROUND: The COVID‐19 pandemic poses enormous social challenges, especially during lockdown. Recently, the second lockdown started in the Netherlands. We aimed to investigate and compare the psychosocial effects of corona measures during lockdown in memory clinic (pre‐)dementia patients and their caregivers. METHOD: During second lockdown, n=137 symptomatic patients (age=67.7±6.54, 36.5%F, MMSE = 24.4±4.7; n=82 dementia, n=55 MCI), n=244 cognitively normal (age=63.6±7.56, 38.9%F, MMSE = 28.8±1.18; SCD) and n=198 caregivers of Alzheimer Center Amsterdam completed a survey on psychosocial effects of corona. Questions related to loneliness, worries for faster cognitive decline, psychological and behavioral problems. In a subset of patients (n=169) and caregivers (n=38) we were able to compare their answers to answers on a similar survey completed during first lockdown (May 2020). RESULT: In total, n=17 (4.5%) patients [n=3 (2.2%) symptomatic, n=14 (5.7%) cognitively normal] and n=8 (4%) caregivers reported a positive test result for COVID‐19. Over one‐third of caregivers reported worries for faster cognitive decline [n=76 (38%)] and behavioral problems [n=70 (35%)] in patients. Feelings of loneliness were experienced by n=23 (17%) symptomatic patients, n=44 (18%) cognitively normal and n=50 (25%) caregivers. One quarter of patients [n=78 (25%)] reported more depressive feelings during lockdown [n=27 (20%) symptomatic, n=51 (21%) cognitively normal]. More feelings of fatigue were reported by n=23 (17%) symptomatic patients, n=46 (19%) cognitively normal, and n=67 (34%) caregivers. Comparing results to those obtained during the first lockdown, feelings of loneliness [Χ(2)=26.4, p<.001 in patients, Χ(2)=10.3, p<.001 in caregivers] and anxiety [Χ(2)=25.9, p<.001 in patients, Χ(2)=6.69, p=.010 in caregivers] increased. During second lockdown, less feelings of apathy [Χ(2)=13.0, p<.001], but more depressive feelings [Χ(2)=27.6, p<.001] were reported in patients compared to first lockdown. Caregivers were more worried for memory decline in patients during second lockdown [Χ(2)=4.09, p=.043]. CONCLUSION: Compared to first lockdown, feelings of loneliness, anxiety, worries for faster cognitive decline and depressive feelings increased in second lockdown. A noticeable part of (pre‐)dementia patients and caregivers report feelings of loneliness, worries for faster cognitive decline, psychological and behavioral problems in second lockdown. These psychosocial effects are more frequently reported by caregivers than patients. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2967 | P5-137: coronavirus disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patient | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2968 | Approaches to engage an aging cohort in rural India during the COVID-19 crisis and the psychological impact of COVID-19 in this cohort BACKGROUND: The COVID‐19 crisis brought most cohort studies around the world to a standstill. India, which had implemented one of the strictest nation‐wide lockdowns in the world, was no exception. Owing to this, recruitments and assessments in our aging cohort in rural India, namely, Srinivaspura Aging Neurosenescence and COGnition (SANSCOG), had to be abruptly suspended. METHOD: The SANSCOG study team undertook active measures to keep our subjects engaged remotely during the COVID‐19‐related lockdown period and also, provided useful services telephonically, to address their anxiety and distress. We collaborated with a local digital health service initiative, to offer counselling on awareness about the disease and safety precautions to be adopted. To assess the psychological impact of the pandemic on our cohort, the study team’s clinicians telephonically administered the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS‐7) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD‐7) questionnaire to consenting subjects. These instruments are brief, validated and sensitive instruments to screen for depression and anxiety disorder, respectively. Among subjects who had pre‐COVID GDS scores (obtained from their baseline clinical assessments), the proportion of subjects having pre‐COVID versus post‐COVID depression was compared. RESULT: A total of 1890 subjects from the rural (SANSCOG) cohort were contacted during the lockdown period. Our periodic telephone calls to enquire about the subjects’ well‐being as well as our providing of psychological support and medical advice, when necessary, were appreciated by our subjects. Our collaborative initiative to provide awareness about the pandemic was well‐received, as many of our subjects had inadequate awareness about the pandemic. Overall, these strategies resulted in better bonding between our study team and our cohort. On screening for depression and anxiety disorder, 28.4% scored above the threshold score for depressive disorder on GDS‐7, whereas 5.5% scored above the threshold score for anxiety disorder on GAD‐7. We found that the proportion of subjects with depression had quadrupled after the COVID‐19 pandemic (pre‐COVID ‐ 7.74%, post‐COVID ‐ 28.98%). CONCLUSION: The above approaches of cohort engagement during times of crisis are deemed valuable by subjects and we envisage that this would improve subject retention. This rural Indian cohort had a severe psychological impact due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2969 | COVID-19 and preclinical Alzheimer disease: Driving, mobility, activity and experiences of older adults in the United States BACKGROUND: As the world grapples with the COVID‐19 pandemic, there have been widespread disruptions to everyday life due to social distancing. Older adults with Alzheimer disease (AD) are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID‐19. It is unknown how COVID‐19 affects the mobility patterns of older adults with preclinical AD. Since before the pandemic, we have been monitoring the driving behaviors of older adults, enabling us to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on individuals with and without preclinical AD. METHOD: We used in‐vehicle Global Positioning System (GPS) devices to study driving behaviors of 115 older adults enrolled in the DRIVES study (aged 65+) from 1/1/2019 to 31/12/2020. The cohort included 62 individuals with preclinical AD (PreAD) and 53 without preclinical AD (CTL), as determined by cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. All participants completed an online survey about their overall experiences during the pandemic. Using the GPS data, we determined the average monthly distance travelled, and the number of visitations to destinations categorized as food shopping, place of worship, restaurant, leisure, or health. All measures were computed monthly. RESULT: oth groups experienced an approximate 40% decline in average monthly distance travelled overall after the start of the pandemic (PreAD: 1287.92 to 783.38 km vs. CTL: 1751.26 to 1053.29 km). Visits to places of worship, restaurants, leisure and health places declined by 70%, 46%, 23%, and 23% for the PreAD group, and by 48%, 31%, 48%, and 22% for the CTL group, respectively. However, the pandemic did not result in a significant decline in Food Shopping among either of the groups. Overall, compared to the CTL group, the PreAD group experienced a higher level of stress in response to the recommendations for socially distancing (p<0.01), more uncertainty about their risk of COVID‐19 (p<0.05), more decline in trips for worship (p<0.05) and less decline in trips for leisure (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate decreased mobility in all older adults during the pandemic, with the preclinical AD group exhibiting more decline in trips to places of worship, less decline in leisure activities, and increased stress and uncertainty in response to COVID‐19. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2970 | Cognitive health mediates the effect of hippocampal volume on COVID-19‒related knowledge or anxiety change during the COVID-19 pandemic BACKGROUND: Individuals with cognitive/memory impairments may be more vulnerable to COVID19 due to having poor knowledge of COVID19 and how to protect themselves under current policies. Here, we aimed to show cognitive/memory impairment is associated with less knowledge or less anxiety change related to COVID19. We hypothesized that the effect of hippocampal volume on COVID19‐related knowledge or anxiety change during the pandemic is mediated by cognitive health. METHOD: A total of 247 participants (162 cognitively normal (CN) and 85 cognitively impaired (CI)) from the Montreal TRIAD cohort underwent a structural MRI and cognition and anxiety assessments using CDRSOB and GAD score, respectively before the COVID19 pandemic. During the first wave of COVID19, the participants were assessed for anxiety using GAD score and knowledge related to COVID19. Hippocampal volume was measured using Freesurfer, and the anxiety was evaluated as the rate of change in the GAD score: (follow‐up – baseline)/time difference. Then, the effect of hippocampal volume on the rate of change in the anxiety or knowledge on COVID19 was evaluated based on a mediation analysis with CDRSOB as a mediator, 2000 bootstrapping, and age, sex, education, and APOEe4 as covariates. RESULT: The CI group showed significantly less knowledge of COVID19, or less anxiety change compared to the CN group, while hippocampal volume showed a significant association with knowledge of COVID19 or the rate of change in anxiety. Upon further examination, we revealed that the effect of hippocampal volume on COVID19 knowledge or the rate of change in anxiety was significantly mediated by cognitive health, indicated by CDRSOB (Figure 1). CONCLUSION: Our finding highlights the poorer knowledge of COVID19 and related risks in individuals with cognitive/memory impairments; the CDRSOB, indicative of cognitive health, significantly mediated the effect of hippocampal volume on the rate of change in anxiety or knowledge on COVID19 in our cohort. This study urges for a more effective strategy and policy about informing and educating the individual with cognitive/memory impairment on COVID19 and related risks. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2971 | Tau-PET is associated with knowledge of COVID-19, COVID-19-related distress and change in sleep quality during the pandemic BACKGROUND: While the global COVID‐19 pandemic has hindered many human research operations, it has allowed for the investigation of novel scientific questions. Particularly, the effects of the pandemic and its resulting social isolation on elderly individuals and their association with Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers remains a broad and open question. Here, we sought to investigate whether knowledge of COVID‐19, pandemic‐related distress, and changes in sleep quality were associated with in vivo tau deposition in an AD‐enriched cohort. METHODS: COVID‐19 telephone assessments were conducted in N=292 individuals (29 young/174 CN/52 MCI/19 AD/18 other) of the TRIAD cohort in April‐July 2020. Assessment consisted of clinical and neuropsychiatric, instruments, including scales assessing the individual’s experience of the pandemic. Structural MRI and [(18)F]MK6240 tau‐PET were acquired before the pandemic. [(18)F]MK6240 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) were calculated 90‐110 minutes post‐injection using cerebellar grey matter as the reference region. Voxel‐based regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between baseline [(18)F]MK6240 SUVR and knowledge of COVID‐19, distress related to COVID‐19, and change in sleep quality since the pandemic. RESULTS: Higher tau‐PET SUVR was associated with less knowledge of COVID‐19 in N=210 individuals in the cuneus, cingulate and superior temporal regions. Tau‐PET was similarly associated with lower levels of COVID‐19‐related distress in the isthmus and rostral anterior cingulate (N=201 individuals). Furthermore, tau‐PET tracer uptake was significantly associated with increases in sleep quality as assessed by rate of change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index before and during the pandemic (N=176 individuals). All results survived correction for multiple comparisons using random field theory with a cluster threshold of p < 0.001. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that those with increased tau deposition may have a weaker understanding of symptoms and prevention of COVID‐19 and lower levels of distress related to the pandemic than individuals with less brain tau. Individuals with higher tau may also experience improved sleep quality during the pandemic. While these observations appear to be favourable effects of tau, the first may suggest that public health information about COVID‐19 is less accessible to the aging population. The interactions and mediation of these effects remain to be properly elucidated. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2972 | P5-104: Reinfection of COVID-19 critical condition in miliary tuberculosis case with multiple comorbidities | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2973 | P16-97: Secondary organizing pneumonia following COVID-19 infection | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2974 | P12-20: A prospective observational study on the tolerability of nasal bronchoscopy with surgical mask for aerosol control Among the nasal group, the cough frequency was even lower in 25 patients who underwent thin diameter bronchoscopy (BF-P290) (0.19 vs 0.73, p<0.01). As far as we know, there are no reports comparing the safety and cough frequency of nasal bronchoscopy with oral bronchoscopy. 1 Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Graduate... B Background and Aims b : Since the worldwide spread of COVID-19, aerosol control during bronchoscopy has been a concern for respiratory endoscopists. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Respirology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2975 | Olfactory dysfunction and chronic cognitive impairment following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a sample of older adults from the Andes mountains of Argentina BACKGROUND: COVID‐19 has affected more than 150 million people. The causal coronavirus, SARS‐CoV‐2 has infected twice as many individuals who have remained asymptomatic. COVID‐19 includes central nervous system (CNS) manifestations and may result in chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae. Risk factors for COVID‐19 sequelae overlap with those for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), particularly older age and ApoE4 status. The Alzheimer’s Association Consortium on Chronic Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (CNS SC2) established harmonized definitions, ascertainment and assessment methodologies to evaluate and longitudinally follow up cohorts of older adults with variable exposure to COVID‐19. We present preliminary data from CNS SC2 in a prospective cohort of 234 older adult Amerindians from Argentina. METHOD: Participants are ≥ 60 years recruited from the health registry of the Province of Jujuy containing all SARS‐CoV‐2 testing data (regardless of clinical status and of the result of the testing). We randomly invite older adults stratified by testing status regardless of symptom severity, a minimum of 3 months after clinical recovery (maximum 6 months); refusal to participate is <45%. Assessment includes interview with the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) and Clinical Dementia Rating scale; neurocognitive assessment; emotional reactivity scale; and neurological assessment including semiquantitative olfactory function test, motor function, coordination and gait. We present here the results of olfactory testing and cognitive assessments. RESULT: We assessed 233 infected participants and 64 controls. Average duration of formal learning is 9.35 ± 2.6 years and mean age is 66.7 ± 5.13 years. Normative data for the local population were available for Word list, Corsi Blocks, Oral Trails and Five Digit Tests and were used to normalize Z‐scores and categorize the sample in 3 groups: normal cognition (NC,44.6%); memory only impairment (MOI,21%); and multiple domain impairment (MDI,34.4%). Individuals with MDI presented severe alterations in short‐term memory; semantic memory; naming; executive function and attention compared to NC or MO groups (Table 1). Severity of cognitive impairment was significantly correlated with severity of olfactory dysfunction (χ(2) = 13.82; p= 0.003) but not severity of acute COVID‐19. CONCLUSION: Older adults frequently suffer persistent cognitive impairment after recovery from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection; cognitive impairment is correlated with persistent anosmia. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2976 | Old critically ill COVID-19 survivors: Patient and in-hospital factors associated with cognitive dysfunction BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction (CD) commonly occurs in survivors of critical illness, namely in those with severe respiratory failure, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), deep sedation and delirium. Many critically ill patients with COVID‐19 are also expected to have an increased risk of CD, which may be exacerbated by specific conditions of hospitalization during COVID‐19 pandemic. This study aimed to estimate the frequency of post‐discharge CD in first wave COVID‐19 survivors and to identify baseline and in‐hospital associated factors. METHODS: This study is part of a multidisciplinary longitudinal project (MAPA‐Mental health in critically ill COVID‐19 patients), that is being conducted in Intensive Care Medicine Department of a Portuguese University Hospital. Patients >60 years, admitted due to COVID‐19‐associated Pneumonia, were included. Exclusion criteria were: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay (LoS)≤24h, terminal illness, major sensory loss or inability to communicate at the time of follow‐up. Participants were evaluated with Six‐item Cognitive Impairment Test (6CIT) by telephone. Baseline demographic, clinical and in‐hospital data were collected, including sedation, respiratory support, major complications and LoS. Patients with and without CD after‐discharge were compared. RESULTS: Thirty‐two patients were included, with a median age of 72(IQR:64‐76) years, mostly were male (66%) and none had previous clinical registry of cognitive impairment or dementia. Nosocomial infection (75%) and difficult weaning from MV (63%) were the most frequent complications. Deep sedation was used in 81% of the patients (median=20 days; IQR:15‐42). About 81% needed IMV and 13% were supported with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO). Median ICU and hospital LoS were 29(IQR:144‐56) and 66(IQR:33‐102) days, respectively. Follow‐up assessment occurred 93.4 days (IQR:68‐120) after‐discharge. Based on 6CIT, 16% of survivors had CD. Comparing both groups, those with CD were older (73vs.64; p=0.020), had a higher duration of IMV (73vs.22; p=0.017) and mostly were supported with ECMO (75%vs.25%; p=0.008). CONCLUSION: Data suggest that CD is more frequent among older COVID‐19 survivors, and those who needed prolonged IMV and ECMO support. Despite full clarification of all mechanisms involved, these findings highlight the importance of a timely and organized post‐intensive care response composed by multidisciplinary teams to optimize assistance to survivors of critical illness. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2977 | P6-9: A post covid activation of latent tuberculosis | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2978 | Plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without new neurological symptoms BACKGROUND: The COVID‐19 pandemic is an unprecedented global health care crisis. Older individuals and those with pre‐existing AD/ADRD or mild cognitive impairment are at increased risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, with a higher mortality. In this study we assessed that the presence of plasma biomarkers associated with AD, neurodegeneration and neuroinflamation in older patients (>60yrs old), who were hospitalized with COVID‐19, who either had or did not have new neurological symptoms associated with infection. METHOD: Patients were admitted to New York University Langone Health (NYULH), with sites in Manhattan, Brooklyn and Long Island. All patients were positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Plasma from 310 patients were analyzed (158 were tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 with neurological symptoms and 152 were positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 without neurologic symptoms). Plasma biomarkers assays (total tau [t‐tau], neurofilament light [NfL], glial fibrillary acid protein [GFAP], ubiquitin carboxyl‐terminal hydrolase L1 [UCH‐L1] Aβ40, Aβ42 and pTau‐181) were performed at the Biomarker Core of NYU ADRC using the SIMOA SR‐X RESULT: The levels of t‐tau, NfL, GFAP, and UCH‐L1 were measured using the Neurology 4‐plex A and showed a significant elevation in COVID‐19 patients with neurologic symptoms compared to COVID‐19 patients without neurological symptoms: NfL (two tailed t‐test p = 0.0003), GFAP (two tailed t‐test p = 0.0098), UCH‐L1 (two tailed t‐test p = 0.0138) and t‐tau (two tailed t‐test p = 0.04). pTau 181 was also elevated in COVID‐19 subjects with neurological symptoms (two tailed t‐test p = 0.0141). There were no significant differences with Aβ(1‐40) (two tailed t‐test p = 0.33). Both Aβ(1‐42) and the pTau/ Aβ42 ratio showed a significant differences in patients with neurological symptoms (two tailed t‐test p = 0.049 and p = 0.0017, respectively). CONCLUSION: Serum biomarkers of neuronal injury, neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s disease such as NfL, t‐tau, UCH‐L1, GFAP and pTau‐181 correlate strongly with the presence of neurological symptoms in COVID‐19 patients. These findings indicate that patients who had COVID‐19 may have an acceleration of AD/ADRD symptoms and pathology. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2979 | P5-109: A fatal case of multiple mycotic pulmonary artery aneurysms due to Aspergillus terreus in a post-COVID-19 patient | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2980 | P15-16: Modified dose thrombolysis in a COVID-19 related massive acute pulmonary embolism: A case report | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2981 | P5-91: Clinical characteristics and mortality risk in patients with severe COVID-19 | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2982 | ADRD and COVID-19: A multi-scale framework for elucidating and addressing mechanisms and outcomes BACKGROUND: The COVID‐19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted vulnerable populations. The elderly, including individuals with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) are at an increased risk due to a variety of factors ranging from the molecular, to the physiological and social domains. Here we describe the development of a neural network‐inspired, expanded Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOP) approach to examine the relations, outcomes and potential interventions across scales at the intersections of these acute and long‐term health crises. METHOD: Using an Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) approach we compared key events and their relationships in COVID‐19 and ADRD. However, whereas current AOP approaches are often limited and centralized around the molecular domain we expand these to encompass a range of domains across scales such as the neuropsychological and social factors. Inspired by neural network modeling approaches we also extend the traditional AOP framework to explicitly include: inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms, causal recurrence, strength of interactions and advantageous pathways. RESULT: By including an analysis that spans molecular pathways, system level vulnerabilities, psychological, environmental and social factors we are able to assess commonalities of events (e.g., macrophage activation, systemic inflammation, environmental exposures and disproportionately affected racial/ethnic communities). In addition, by utilizing higher order and systems perspectives, we were able to better identify mechanistic differences (e.g., vulnerabilities of specific brain regions, timescale of bio‐cognitive consequences, sex‐gender differences), as well as chart interactions resulting in comorbidities and resilience factors. CONCLUSION: In recent years the global ADRD research field has strongly shifted to a conceptual framework that recognizes the essential role of interactions between levels of biosocial organization. The COVID‐19 pandemic has also revealed the crucial biopsychosocial connections of disease vulnerability, resistance and management. AOPs are powerful tools in clarifying key linkages in these multifactorial diseases. However, AOPs have also showed their limitation by biasing molecular events as the prime initiating events. Our hybrid approach integrates multiscale elements to more effectively develop a mechanistic framework and identify pathways to health. Taken together, this new approach can help bridge the divide across bio‐molecular events and higher level factors such as health disparities in COVID and the ADRD spectrum. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2983 | P1-79: Diaphragm dysfunction developed after COVID-19 infection without pneumonia | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2984 | The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nutritional status in Alzheimer's disease BACKGROUND: In March 2020, the WHO declared a global pandemic due to the novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 and several governments planned a national quarantine in order to control the virus spread. Acute psychological effects of quarantine in frail elderly subjects with special needs, such as patients with dementia, have been poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to assess modifications of nutritional status during quarantine in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). METHODS: Participants were recruited from patients referring to Center for Cognitive Disorders and Dementia in Italy. A total of 205 patients were included. A structured telephone interview was delivered to family caregivers of patients with diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD). At baseline (T0) and month 6 (T1) since quarantine declaration, nutritional risk assessment were assessed by Self.Mini Nutrition Assessment (Self MNA). RESULTS: A total of 205 subjects (79,6 ± 6,4 years old, M=42%) were enrolled. A baseline according with the Self‐MNA test score, 32,7% were classified as malnourished, whereas 42% of were at risk of malnutrition. A T1 according with the Self‐MNA test score, 37,1% were classified as malnourished, whereas 46,3% of were at risk of malnutrition. CONCLUSION: Quarantine induces a rapid increase malnourished and risk of malnutrition an AD. Health services need to plan a post‐pandemic strategy in order to address these emerging needs. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2985 | P5-144: Infected pneumatoceles complicating the course of COVID-19 pneumonia | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2986 | The impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on health service use by persons with dementia in Ontario, Canada: A population-based time series analysis BACKGROUND: Little has been quantified, at a population‐level, about the magnitude of heath service disruption to persons living with dementia in community settings during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Sustained access to health care services is particularly important for persons with dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases as they are vulnerable to decline. METHOD: Health administrative data from Ontario, Canada were used to examine patterns of health service use among all persons with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (dementia) who were alive and living in the community. This cohort was compared to persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD) as well as all older adults (age 65+ years) without neurodegenerative diseases. Rates of all‐cause hospital admissions, emergency department visits, primary care and specialist physician visits and home care visits were analyzed for all individuals alive and eligible for provincial health insurance at the start of each weekly period from March 1, 2020 to September 20, 2020 (pandemic period) and from March 3, 2019 to September 22, 2019 (pre‐pandemic period). Rates of health service use during specific weeks in the pandemic period (i.e., lowest week, last available week) were compared to corresponding weeks in the pre‐pandemic period within each cohort using percent changes. RESULTS: On March 1, 2020, 128,696 persons with dementia, 30,099 with PD and 2,460,358 older adults were eligible for provincial health services. Across cohorts and services, dramatic declines in use of health services were observed at the lowest week: hospitalization (‐38.7% dementia, ‐72.3% PD, ‐44.2% older adults); emergency department (‐54.9% dementia, ‐57.7% PD, ‐53.6% older adults); home care (‐14.8% dementia, ‐19.4% PD, ‐7.4% older adults). Health services varied in how quickly they rebounded to pre‐pandemic levels within cohorts; notably, by the end of the study period, emergency department visits had increased to a level higher than corresponding 2019 weekly rates (24.2% dementia, 15.2% PD, 7.4% older adults). CONCLUSIONS: The first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic meaningfully and immediately disrupted use of health care services for persons living with dementia and PD and may have resulted in long‐term consequences that should be monitored. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2987 | The impact of a global pandemic on persons living with dementia and their care partners: An analysis of 417 survey responses BACKGROUND: In the midst of the current global health crisis, it is critical to capture the lived experiences of older adults and their care partners to inform priorities for health care services. The COVID‐19 pandemic that surfaced in 2019 impacted the physical and emotional health of older adults living with dementia and their care partners. The goal of this project was to explore the experiences and needs of people living with dementia and their care partners during the COVID‐19 pandemic as part of an ongoing evaluation of dementia support services provided by the Alzheimer Society of British Columbia in British Columbia, Canada. METHOD: People living with dementia and care partners were recruited from the communication channels of the Alzheimer Society of B.C. Participants completed an online survey that was developed around the priorities identified in the context of the COVID‐19 and Dementia Task Force convened by the Alzheimer Society of Canada. RESULT: A total of 417 completed surveys were analysed (395 care partners, 22 people living with dementia). Overall, respondents indicated that they were able to access information that was helpful for maintaining their own health and managing a period of social distancing (74% care partners, 86% people living with dementia). Care partners reported a number of serious concerns, including the inability to visit the person that they care for in long‐term or palliative care. Participants also reported that the pandemic increased their levels of stress overall (58%, 62%) and that they felt more isolated than they did before the pandemic (74%, 81%). The use of technology was reported as a way to connect socially with their loved ones, with the majority of participants connecting with others at least twice per week (79%, 75%). Many indicated an interest in learning more about using technology to connect with others (32%, 50%). CONCLUSION: Evaluating the complex effects of a global pandemic through the experiences of people living with dementia and their care partners is vital to inform healthcare priorities to restore their quality of life and health and better prepare for the future. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2988 | P11-6: Indices of endogenous intoxication in patients with COVID-19 associated pneumonia | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2989 | P6-44: Case report of a newly diagnosed bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in a patient with COVID-19 critical infection | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2990 | Supporting people living with dementia and care partners throughout the COVID-19 pandemic: Health service directions from the first wave in Calgary, Alberta BACKGROUND: The emergence of COVID‐19 (SARS‐CoV‐2) as a novel coronavirus in late 2019 necessitated public health measures that have impacted the provision of care for people living with dementia and their families. The rapid shift to virtual care across health and social care sectors meant that providers did not have the opportunity to benefit from an evidence‐based understanding about how and which services can safely and effectively be delivered virtually prior to public health measures being implemented. Additionally, isolation resulting from social distancing may be harming well‐being for families as formal and informal supports become less accessible. METHOD: To understand lived experiences and necessary changes in models of care delivery for people living with dementia during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Canada, we remotely interviewed 20 dyads of people living with dementia and their care partners who normally attend a dementia specialty clinic in Calgary, Alberta, during a period where essential businesses were closed and health care had abruptly transitioned to telemedicine. Participants were 50% female and a majority of clinic patients in the dyad had a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease (75%). A reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview and field note data. RESULT: Themes regarding virtual service provision emerged through the iterative qualitative data analysis: (1) continuation of community‐based services for care partners and families delivered in innovative ways to meet support needs during the pandemic; (2) guidance in adapting to technology to enable accessible and effective treatment in a virtual care environment; (3) adapting the process and structure of virtual appointments to operationalize critical information provision while maintaining dignity for the person living with dementia. CONCLUSION: The rapid move to virtual healthcare has influenced how and when people access health services. Health system innovation in the way we structure service models and care provision can mitigate barriers to maintaining high quality virtual health care for people living with dementia. In‐depth understandings of how health systems can provide high‐quality care in new virtual settings is key to maintaining quality of life for community‐dwelling people living with dementia and care partners in times of public health emergencies. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2991 | Understanding the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on patients with Alzheimer's disease and caregivers using online narratives on social media BACKGROUND: The Covid‐19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted individuals with pre‐existing health conditions. This study aims to describe the challenges of people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and their caregivers experienced during the pandemic. METHOD: We used the RLytics NLP (Natural Language Processing) platform to analyze key challenges and issues that were shared online over 47 social media sites by patients living with AD and caregivers during the COVID‐19 pandemic between January 2020 and January 2021. RESULT: A total of 3,422 narratives were analyzed and reported in aggregate categories, including extensive descriptions on the worsening of AD, difficulties in understanding and maintaining rules of masking and social distancing, limited opportunities of social interactions, reduced caregiver availability, and emotional disturbance or exacerbation with fear, anxiety, and loneliness (Table). Disease worsening manifested with or without COVID‐19 diagnosis, leading to increased reliance and need for caregiver assistance and declining patient wellbeing. The patient challenges were compounded by increased caregiver burden, expressed through the social media on disruptions to Work‐from‐Home routines and the need for additional caregiver support to sustain household income. The caregiver narratives revealed a range of challenges, including common issues of getting access to COVID‐19 vaccines and unique issues of having to reminding or assisting patients with handwashing, social distancing, or staying at home. Patient disease aggravation resulting from restrictive caregiver access to long term care facilities was frequently communicated online by the caregivers, highlighting increased caregiver emotional stress that led to anger, frustration, crying, loneliness, depression and emotional fatigue. CONCLUSION: This social media study using NLP uncovers a broad range of challenges experienced by patients with AD and the caregivers during the COVID‐19 pandemic. They appear to have suffered unique health, cognitive, social, emotional, interpersonal, and daily living burden, resulting in worsening of disease and declining wellbeing. The untoward consequences may well likely surpass the pandemic, leading to prolonged deleterious impact in patient and caregiver personal lives and deepened public health crisis with AD. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2992 | Instituto Alzheimer Brasil: A Brazilian support group for Alzheimer's disease during the COVID-19 pandemic BACKGROUND: The Instituto Alzheimer Brasil (IAB) is a non‐governmental organization that promotes information about Alzheimer’s disease to community, offering support for people with dementia, caregivers and familiars. Before the pandemic period, two monthly presential meetings were organized by IAB, in two cities, São Paulo and Curitiba, with 80 participants estimated in each one. However, with social distancing regime, alternatives were required to maintain the activities. Thus, the present study aimed to describe the actions developed by IAB and the participants during the distancing regime of COVID‐19 in 2020. METHOD: The mainly activities developed by IAB during the distancing regime included: 1) The virtual meetings by applicative; 2) Lives in the social media; 3) Message app group to support individualized cases. Parts of the meetings and the lives were recorded and posted after transmission. The number of participants was counted during the transmission and followed by the later access to the videos. The number of demands via message was counted, as well. As a part of apps, the geographic location of participants was showed and, in some cases, the location was asked directly to the caregiver via message. RESULT: Nine virtual meetings and seven lives lectures had been broadcasted on social media open to the community, from March to November 2020. The total of 643 participants through the application meetings and 628 on live lectures. Being the most watched video with over 9000 views, and over 500 comments per video. The online actions reached more participants than São Paulo and Curitiba, in 14 Brazilian states and in other 6 countries: Portugal, Japan, Germany, Italy, Australia and the USA. CONCLUSION: Considering virtual activities, the main result had been an increase in the number of people assisted who need a huge dealing support for Alzheimer`s disease. With virtual actions, people from other countries and regions of Brazil were able to participate in the support group. The feedbacks of caregivers had been extremely positive, showing that online model should last along with the presential model, even with the end of the social distance regime. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2993 | P5-71: Rapidly progressive honeycombing in a spontaneously breathing patient with COVID-19 pneumonia | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2994 | O8-3: The effectiveness of the combined use of remdesivir and regdanvimab (CT-P59) in patients with severe COVID-19: A single center retrospective study | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2995 | P5-88: Study of C-reactive protein (HS-CRP) in post-COVID-19 geriatric patients | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2996 | Mourning in quarantine This paper explores the effects of mourning in isolation. The authors posit that the pandemic‐induced quarantine has impacted mourning processes in a negative manner, particularly insofar as the relational aspects of mourning are concerned. Through a phenomenological study based on a survey of 56 mental health care professionals, the authors examine individual experiences of living through the pandemic while enduring loss and subsequent bereavement in socially isolative conditions. The data, accompanied by several case examples, suggests that during the pandemic loss and mourning were complicated by isolation, the lack of communal grieving rituals and the presence of an increase in mental health disorders. Furthermore, the authors hypothesize that during the Covid‐19 pandemic, the absence of positive relational support will result in a greater number of cases of delayed, stalled, and prolonged mourning, as well as Persistent Complex Bereavement. | N/A | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2997 | Methodological challenges across WW-FINGERS Studies: Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on statistical design and analysis plans for multidomain RCTs BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) pandemic presents challenges to the conduct of randomized clinical trials of lifestyle interventions. METHOD: World‐Wide FINGERS is an international network of clinical trials to assess the impact of multidomain lifestyle intervention on cognitive decline in at‐risk adults. Individual trials are tailoring successful approaches from the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) to local cultures and environments. The network convened forums for researchers to discuss statistical design and analysis issues they faced during the pandemic. We will provide an updated report on experiences of trials that, at various stages of conduct, altered designs and analysis plans to navigate these issues. We provide recommendations for future trials to consider as they develop and launch behavioral intervention trials. RESULT: The pandemic led researchers to change recruitment plans, interrupt timelines for assessments and intervention delivery, and move to remote intervention and assessments protocols. The necessity of these changes add emphasis to the importance, in study design and analysis, of intention to treat approaches, flexibility, within site stratification, interim power projections, and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION: Robust approaches to study design and analysis are critical to negotiate issues related to the intervention. The World Wide Network of similarly oriented clinical trials will allow us to evaluate the effectiveness of responses to the pandemic across cultures, local environments, and phases of the pandemic. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2998 | Beliefs about the COVID-19 pandemic, trust in government and vaccine intention in older adults with cognitive impairment in the United States and Italy BACKGROUND: The degree and spread of misinformation regarding the COVID‐19 pandemic has been prolific, influencing individuals of all ages. We examined belief in misinformation in older individuals with and without cognitive impairment in Boston, MA (United States) and Chieti (Italy). The purpose of this investigation was to compare the two cohorts on specific misconceptions, trust in media and government, perceived risk regarding COVID‐19, and their relation to COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy and intention. METHOD: Forty‐seven subjects from the U.S. (mean age = 75.4, SD = 9.4) and 134 subjects from Italy (mean age = 72.2, SD = 7.7) were administered a telephone neuropsychological battery and MoCA. One hundred twenty‐two individuals (67.4%) met the cutoff for cognitive impairment. Individuals answered a COVID‐19 Misinformation Questionnaire and Perceived Risk Scale. A Vaccine Hesitancy Scale was administered 4‐6 months after the initial assessment. Comparisons were made between the two cohorts using binary logistic regression, controlling for age, education, and cognitive status (i.e., MoCA). RESULTS: Individuals in the Italian cohort demonstrated greater perceived risk of contracting COVID‐19 and also greater trust in the government as a source of information. A large proportion of the sample (N=160; 88.4%) rated the media as not at all trustworthy. Greater cognitive impairment was predictive of misconception endorsement. Further, individuals in the U.S. cohort were approximately four times as likely as individuals in the Italian cohort to believe that that COVID‐19 was a bioweapon developed by a government or terrorist organization. Trust indices were not related to misconception belief. Examination of vaccine hesitancy, and confirmation of the preliminary analyses, will be undertaken following completed recruitment and testing. CONCLUSION: When individuals hold knowledge that is incorrect, the consequences can be manifold. From our preliminary analyses, we found that trust in government was not related to misconception endorsement; however, differences emerged between the U.S. and Italian cohorts. This examination provides a broad, cultural context to complex health beliefs, with specific implications for health behaviors such as vaccine intention, for individuals with and without cognitive impairment. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2999 | P5-32: Investigation of exacerbation factors in patients with COVID-19 | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 3000 | P11-2: Clinical profiles and respiratory system mechanics of mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 vs non-COVID-19-associated ARDS | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 |
(1) COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). 2020. Version 2022-06-02. Retrieved from https://ai2-semanticscholar-cord-19.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/historical_releases.html. Accessed 2022-06-05. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3715506
(2) Chen Q, Allot A, & Lu Z. (2020) Keep up with the latest coronavirus research, Nature 579:193 and Chen Q, Allot A, Lu Z. LitCovid: an open database of COVID-19 literature. Nucleic Acids Research. 2020. (version 2023-01-10)
(3) Currently tweets of June 23rd to June 29th 2022 have been considered.