This version of BIP! Finder aims to ease the exploration of COVID-19-related literature by enabling ranking articles based on various impact metrics.
Last Update: 18 - 01 - 2023 (628506 entries)
Popularity: Citation-based measure reflecting the current impact.
Influence: Citation-based measure reflecting the total impact.
Reader Attention: The current number of Mendeley readers.
Social Media Attention: The number of recent tweets related to this article.
*More details on these impact measures can be found here.
Exceptional score (in top 0.01%).
Substantial score (in top 1%).
Average score (in bottom 99%).
Score not available.
CORD-19 dataset(1) (list of papers)
LitCovid hub(2) (list of papers)
PMC & PubMed (citations)
Mendeley (number of readers)
COVID-19-TweetIDs(3) (tweets)
| Title | Venue | Year | Impact | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2901 | P5-72: Lipid involvements on inflammatory changes and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2902 | Aging research in the time of COVID-19: A telephone screen for subjective cognitive concerns in community-dwelling ethnically diverse older adults BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need for validation of remotely‐administered cognitive screens to identify older adults at risk for dementia, to monitor disease progression, and to facilitate follow‐up when in‐person visits are not feasible. Restrictions on in‐person cognitive assessments due to COVID‐19 have spurred a growing literature on telephone‐based cognitive screening. However, few studies have evaluated the value of telephone‐administered screens of subjective cognitive concerns (SCC), an important early marker of dementia‐risk. METHOD: Einstein Aging Study participants (subsample, n=455; Mage=77.0; Myears education=15.0; 64.1% women; 46.4% White) completed the Telephone Screen for Subjective Cognitive Concerns (T‐SSCC), a 16‐item measure of self‐reported memory, language, executive functioning, visuospatial/navigation, concentration, calculation, and mental clarity concerns, as well as the Telephone Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T‐MoCA). In‐person assessments included the paper‐and‐pencil Cognitive Change Index (CCI) and comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Classification as cognitively normal (CN; n=288) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n=153) was based on Jak/Bondi criteria. Primary analyses included correlations between the objective and subjective screening instruments, and logistic regression to evaluate the association between the T‐SSCC and MCI status. RESULT: Total endorsement of concerns on the T‐SSCC (OR 1.095, CI 1.018‐1.178, p=0.015) was significantly associated with MCI status. In particular, endorsement of “Do any of these problems interfere with your daily life?” was strongly related to MCI (OR 2.296, CI 1.284‐4.108, p=0.005). The T‐SSCC was moderately correlated with the in‐person CCI (r[114]=0.577, p<0.001). A small but significant relationship was observed between the T‐SSCC and T‐MoCA (r[258]=‐0.206, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study to validate a telephone SCC screen in response to the crucial need for such remotely administered measures. The T‐SSCC was significantly associated MCI status; furthermore, specific items related to the impact of cognitive problems in daily life were particularly sensitive to MCI. Such SCC measures are brief, accessible, and well‐tolerated and may provide additionally valuable information that enhances remotely‐administered cognitive screens. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2903 | P5-79: Clinical comparison of the first wave and the later waves in COVID-19 patients with pneumonia | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2904 | Refugees' caring and commoning practices against marginalisation under COVID-19 in Greece This article documents and juxtaposes two side effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on refugee health, housing, and living conditions in Greece. First is the intensification of state‐led practices of what is increasingly known as “campisation,” hyper‐isolation, and ultimately the stigmatisation of refugee populations. Second is the intensification of refugee‐led “commoning” practices of self‐ and community care and the creation of “caringscapes” inside and outside the camps, which has produced new sociospatial connections that have challenged isolation. Documenting these interrelated processes side by side, we draw attention to two important insights. First is that the proliferation of caringscapes acts as an important, but ultimately insufficient, antidote against increased exclusion marginalisation and stigmatisation of refugees. Second is that new ethics and new forms of collective care that have emerged alongside repeated mantras about individual responsibility and social distancing can become levers to imagine a less individualistic, less divisive, and less isolated world. | N/A | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2905 | Dementia care in Taiwan during COVID-19 BACKGROUND: Taiwan has been bolstering dementia care policy with the concern of reaching the ‘super‐aging’ mark by 2025. Taiwan’s success in containing the COVID‐19 pandemic involves focused, timely interventions in preventive measures, including policies targeting people living with dementia and their caregivers. This review presents key dementia policy interventions achieved during the pandemic. METHOD: A scoping review of published academic, media and grey literature was conducted. We extracted relevant information pertaining to dementia care during the COVID‐19 pandemic and summarized the data in a narrative format. RESULT: Taiwanese government has implemented a policy in April 2020 that restricted visitations to long‐term care facilities, which continues today. Since the start of the pandemic, one nurse and no individuals with dementia living in long‐term care facilities has been infected. A landmark decision was made in April 2020 to ban penalization of people with dementia for violation of the epidemic prevention regulation (e.g., wearing a mask) if they have documentation of disability. This was possible due to the strong, continued advocacy from the Taiwan Alzheimer’s Disease Association (TADA). TADA provided critical resources to the dementia community by releasing online videos to teach patients how to protect themselves and others during the pandemic, such as mask wearing and handwashing. TADA’s Reference Handbook of Dementia Care Responding to COVID‐19was well‐received by the Health Promotion Administration of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, who forwarded the handbook to all local governments and shared these videos on its national official website. There are government‐sponsored facilities across the districts of Taipei City that encourage people with dementia to participate in local activities during the pandemic. CONCLUSION: In Taiwan, national public health policies quickly came into place since the beginning of the pandemic to curb the spread of COVID‐19 infection in elderly care settings impacting dementia care. Patient advocacy groups have played an important role in providing resources and support to the dementia community. Taiwan’s recent demonstration of quick policy reactions and public‐private partnerships to protect people with dementia and their caregivers provide an effective dementia care model for future response measures. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2906 | Behavioral and psychological symptoms of Alzheimer's disease during the COVID-19 pandemic in underserved settings BACKGROUND: The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are characterized by disturbances in perceptions, thought contents, moods, and behaviors. The causes for these symptoms are connected to factors related to the people with dementia (PWD), his/her caregivers, and environmental factors as well as the interrelationship between these three. Disruptions of routine due to confinements during the COVID‐19 pandemic has led to the onset/worsening of BPSD, thereby increasing distress levels in caregivers, and risks of self‐injury, hospitalization, and death for PWD. Our aim is to describe the onset/ worsening of BPSD during COVID‐19 pandemic confinement. METHOD: This is a longitudinal study in patients and caregivers of people with Alzheimer’s disease from the Instituto Peruano de Neurociencias in Lima, Perú. A structured confinement interview was delivered to caregivers exploring how the caregiver's activities have been affected or modified by the confinement measures. All patients have neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, and functional assessments performed six months before the onset of the confinement. BPSD was assessed using the neuropsychiatric inventory questionnaire (NPI). RESULT: A total of 91 patients with Alzheimer’s disease and caregivers participated in the study. The average age of the patients was 73.4 years. Most patients had a CDR score of 0.5‐1. Caregivers reported that the pandemic affected their mood by 74%. Percentage of time spent caring increased from 15% to 25% (p<0.001). Worsening and new onset of behavioral and psychological symptoms were reported. The NPI (Fig 1.) and ADCS_ADL scores increased significantly during quarantine from baseline (6.6 and 10, respectively) (p<0.001). Delusions (75%), sleep disorder (71.7%), and hallucinations were the most frequently reported worsening symptoms. Sleep disorder (71.1%), agitation (68.6%) and depression (53.3%) were the most frequently reported new symptoms (p<0.001) (Table 1). Profile of BPSD did not vary according to the CDR score. CONCLUSION: Quarantine induces increases in behavioral and psychological symptoms in patients with early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. Caregivers spent more time with the patient with AD and their emotions were affected by the pandemic. We need to plan for strategies in order to address these needs. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2907 | O17-1: Asthma status during COVID-19 pandemic | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2908 | P5-8: Risk factors for mortality of COVID-19 confirmed cases admitted at lung center of the Philippines | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2909 | Factors influencing acceptance of technology across age: Amid the COVID-19 pandemic BACKGROUND: Digital technologies are creating unprecedented opportunities to improve and increase support to older people with cognitive and mental health problems, and to their family and carers. However, barriers that preclude the implementation of technology driven programs for the assessment and intervention of adults at risk of cognitive decline need to be better understood. This study investigated these outstanding issues, as well as considering the impact that the COVID‐19 Pandemic has had on such barriers. METHODS: A sample of 105 participants completed an online survey. Their ages ranged from 18 to 92 years. Of these, 72% were female, 83% had higher education and beyond, 42% were working, 42% were retired, and 14% were unemployed. The questionnaires assessed IT experience alongside awareness, attitudes, and stigmas regarding the use of technologies, particularly those used to support cognitive and mental health. Questionnaires also explored the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on these technology‐related factors. We compared these across groups of young (n=45), middle age (n=12) and older adults (n=48). RESULTS: Relative to younger participants, older participants were less aware of, and held stronger stigmas against healthcare technologies, even though they reported more IT experience. IT awareness was associated to more positive (r=0.619, p<0.001) and less negative IT Attitudes (r=‐0.271, p=0.015), more acceptability (r=‐0.374, p=0.001) and receptiveness towards technologies (r=‐0.610, p<0.001). Male participants appeared to be more aware of such technologies than female participants. However, relative to men, women had increased the number of ways and frequency with which they used technologies since the COVID‐19 pandemic started, and older people in general felt more inclined to endorse the need to learn more about healthcare technologies. CONCLUSIONS: Having more accumulated IT experience throughout our lives may not necessarily lead to better acceptance of healthcare technologies. More awareness about such specific technologies will help overcome stigmas, and challenging environments such as those imposed by the COVID‐19 pandemic may lead to positive changes in perception and acceptance of such technologies. These are necessary steps towards the personalisation of healthcare technologies to support vulnerable adults at risk of dementia. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2910 | Feds focus on naloxone and fentanyl test strips, blame COVID-19 for OD increases Last week, the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced that the predicted overdose death count for the 12‐month period ending April 2021 is more than 100,000. That's one death every five minutes, said Rahul Gupta, M.D., director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), at a Nov. 17 press briefing with the heads of the CDC, the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). | N/A | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2911 | The impact of COVID-19 on the well-being and cognition of older adults living in the United States and Latin America BACKGROUND: In the COVID‐19 pandemic, older adults from vulnerable ethnoracial groups are at high risk of infection, hospitalization, and death. We aimed to explore the pandemic’s impact on the well‐being and cognition of older adults within and outside of the United States (US). METHOD: 1,747 (646 White, 991 Latino, 77 Black, 33 Asian; 72% female) individuals from the US and 14 Latin American countries completed an online survey regarding well‐being and cognition during the pandemic. Outcome variables (pandemic impact, discrimination, loneliness, purpose of life, subjective cognitive concerns) were compared across four US ethnoracial groups, and Latinos living in the US and Latin America. RESULT: Mean age was 66·5 (SD = 7·70) years and mean education was 15·4 (SD = 2·76) years. We found no differences in the pandemic’s overall impact across US ethnoracial groups. Compared to Whites, Latinos reported greater economic impact (p < ·001, η(p) (2) = .031); while Blacks reported experiencing discrimination more often (p < ·001, η(p) (2) = .050). Blacks and Latinos reported more positive coping (p < ·001, η(p) (2) = 040). Latin American Latinos reported greater pandemic impact (p < ·001, η(p) (2) =.013 ), more positive coping (p =·006, η(p) (2) =.008 ), and less discrimination than US Latinos (p < ·001, η(p) (2) = .013 ). CONCLUSION: The COVID‐19 pandemic has differentially impacted the well‐being of older ethnically diverse individuals in the US and Latin America. Future studies should examine how mediators like income and coping skills modify the pandemic’s impact. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2912 | P11-11: Bilateral iliopsoas hematomas in a severe COVID-19 patient treated with unfractionated heparin: A case report and review of literature | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2913 | P1-86: Prone positioning treatment for COVID-19 ARDS patients with pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema during treatment of mechanical ventilation.: A two cases report | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2914 | Employing the Moca-T (telephone) as a means of cognitive screening in a rural, ethnically diverse population during Covid-19 restrictions BACKGROUND: Rural, ethnically diverse older adults face a heightened risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), but experience disparities in dementia education, detection, and treatment. The Covid‐19 pandemic struck during a rural, faith‐based outreach to address this gap. In‐person research activities were redesigned to employ a telephone approach. METHOD: The revised research question targeting a rural community of 89% African American, Hispanic, and Haitian Creole residents was adapted to “Is the telephone an effective method for a) increasing AD knowledge, and b) detecting cognitive risk, in a rural underserved setting?” Faith‐based health educators, trained using online Alzheimer’s Association resources, contacted church congregants who responded to announcements during virtual worship services. Participants completed a measure of basic dementia knowledge (BKAD; Wiese et al., 2020), and MoCA‐T with a cut point of 11 indicating need for referral (Nasreddine, 2019) . RESULT: Of the estimated 120 persons across five churches who received an invitation, 75% (n = 90) participated in dementia education and memory screening via telephone. Dependent samples t‐test showed a significant increase in dementia knowledge: t(89) = ‐6.3, p < .001), and paired samples pre/post; t(24) = ‐2.23, p = < 004). Of the 60 who completed cognitive screening using the MoCA‐T, 15 (25%) were found to be at risk for memory impairment. Twelve (80%) of the 15 participants assessed as being at risk did follow‐up with their provider. CONCLUSION: Rural residents were willing to participate in telephone‐based health‐seeking activities during quarantine, and the Moca‐T was useful in identifying cognitive risk. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2915 | P9-71: Reactivation of asthma into severe uncontrolled symptoms after COVID-19 pneumonia: A case report | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2916 | The COVID-19 pandemic, a respiratory disease with a hidden time bomb in the brain: Impact on reserve and resilience BACKGROUND: We present an overview on the potential impact of COVID19 infection on cognitive reserve and resilience capacity. The presence of RNA virus in the brain and a pathognomonic symptom, the loss of smell and taste, suggest a long‐term brain impact that could directly affect cognitive reserve. A wide range of neurological manifestations associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 have been described and the list is still increasing, consistent with multiple pathogenic pathways as post‐infectious and immunity reactions. It includes stroke, brain haemorrhage or memory loss. METHOD: Such events have already been observed in the course of other viral diseases. In addition, preventive actions to stop the exponential progression of the virus have been adopted by most of countries (masks, physical distancing, lockdowns or curfews), with a common impact: the reduction of our social and physical relationships. Thus, this dramatic stop of human interactions, known as the most effective brain stimulation, may also severely impair cognitive reserve and resilience. The global spread of the pandemic suggests that tens of thousands of individuals may have had cerebral symptoms. Hence, we must take actions to predict the consequences of COVID19 on cognitive reserve and brain resilience. RESULTS: Aged and frail people are especially concerned: (1) due to their ages, they are at a very high risk of severe forms; (2) as the specific containment imposed to retirement home residents precluded any social relationships for long periods of time. This double punishment had tragic immediate and long‐term consequences on their cognitive reserve and survival. We now need to actively find ways to estimate and limit the brain health impact of the COVID19 pandemic by: (1) helping elderly to resist to social distancing by promoting public health tools as the COVID‐SCORE French experience; (2) setting long term international cohorts to follow‐up the largest numbers of COVID19 patients for their cognitive reserve evolution; (3) Improving cognitive reserve in COVID19 patients by launching prevention programs, CONCLUSION: The implementation of such an action plan will allow reducing the third possible consequence of the virus and the lockdown, i.e. a decrease of the cognitive reserve and resilience in older adults. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2917 | Telephone support for dementia family caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiential differences in spouse and adult-child caregivers BACKGROUND: Due to the COVID‐19 pandemic, family caregivers stayed home with their person with dementia (PWD) continuously for 24/7. They faced limited social activity with lack of essential services such as adult daycare and in‐home services. Social restrictions can worsen cognitive deterioration and increase behavioral problems of PWD, causing increased caregiver burden, distress, and loneliness. Caregiver research team developed a telephone support intervention with trained university students who provided emotional support, and COVID‐19 information. The objective of the study is to identify the different needs in caring between spousal caregivers and adult‐child caregivers for community‐dwelling PWD during this pandemic. METHODS: Family caregivers were recruited through our previous home‐visit family caregiver study. Trained bilingual university students conducted telephone support calls in English, Spanish, Korean or Vietnamese as preferred by caregiver participants, once a week during the 3 month of the early pandemic period. Students summarized each conversation in a call log for debriefing by a gerontology faculty. Thematic analysis using call logs was conducted and coded by two independent raters by using Dedoose, a qualitative data analysis tool. Similarities and differences between spousal caregivers and adult‐child caregivers were identified. RESULTS: 14 spousal caregivers (11 were wives and 3 were husbands, mean age 67.4) and 11 adult‐child caregivers (daughters, mean age 49) participated in the study. Three themes were identified: (1) spousal caregivers had high sense of being left alone and isolated while adult‐child caregivers felt a greater responsibility for the family including PWD care, (2) both groups showed increased stress but for spouse caregivers it was due to worsening PWD behaviors, for adult‐child caregivers it was the restriction on social interaction and concerns about losing jobs, (3) similarities in adapting to the COVID‐19 safety recommendations and incorporating it into everyday life. CONCLUSION: The findings showed an increase in stress and anxiety in both groups but the differences were: for spouse high level of loneness, difficulty with PWD behaviors; for adult‐child caregivers greater burden due to family and reduced social life. Both groups followed COVID‐19 safety protocol and highly appreciated the telephone‐based emotional support during the pandemic. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2918 | Effects of lifestyle on the health, depression and quality of life of middle-aged and elderly before and after COVID-19: Structural equation modeling BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of the lifestyle (physical activity, activity participation, and nutrition) of middle‐aged and elderly people on health, depression, and quality of life, and to identify changes before and after COVID‐19. In addition, it is intended to establish a structural equation model to confirm the influence coefficients for each path. METHOD: Among those aged 55 and older, the study measured lifestyle, subjective health, depression, and quality of life for a total of 327 people. We used SPSS 25 for general characteristics of subjects, descriptive statistical analysis of variables, and AMOS 20 for validation of variables, affirmative factor analysis, and effectiveness analysis on paths. RESULT: In the case of physical activity, there were significant differences between the two groups in moderate exercise (p<0.001) and walking (p<0.01) before and after COVID‐19. The results of participation in activities showed significant differences between leisure activities, social activities and education before and after COVID‐19 (p<0.001). For eating habits, significant differences were found in the two observations: carbohydrate (p<0.05) and protein (p<0.05). Comparing the overall mean, there were significant differences between health (p<0.05), depression (p<0.001), and quality of life (p<0.001) before and after COVID‐19. The final model was built through normality test and confirmatory factor analysis, and the fit of the final study model was x²=3.306, GFI=0.902, RMR=0.049, RMSEA=0.059, IFI=0.928, TLI=0.917, CFI=0.928, which was appropriate compared to each criterion, showed significance for each path. CONCLUSION: Through this research, it was confirmed that lifestyle affects health, depression, and quality of life for middle‐aged elderly people, which is in the same context as prevention‐oriented policies currently in place worldwide. In addition, the results of this study show the importance of a healthy lifestyle, suggesting that lifestyle education for middle and high‐aged people and customized lifestyle interventions for individual lives are needed. Comparisons between the two periods before and after COVID‐19 show that the social isolation caused by COVID‐19 has a negative impact on each factor. Through these results, health care is essential for middle‐aged and elderly people, and measures should be taken to resolve restrictions on participation in activities caused by social isolation. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2919 | P5-97: High-dose methylprednisolone in combination with tocilizumab in hospitalized patients with critical COVID-19 pneumonia: A case series | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2920 | Plasma NfL trajectory during ICU-treatment of COVID-19 patients: A prospective cohort study BACKGROUND: COVID‐19 is a respiratory disease where neurological sequelae are frequently reported. Neurofilament light (NfL) in plasma is a validated biomarker for neuronal damage. We assessed the trajectory of NfL levels in intensive care unit (ICU) patients diagnosed with COVID‐19, and studied its relationship to clinical outcomes and markers of hypothesized pathophysiological mechanisms. METHOD: As part of the Art‐Deco study and Amsterdam UMC COVID‐biobank, longitudinal samples and clinical data were collected weekly from a cohort of 31 prospectively admitted ICU patients with a minimum of 7 days of ventilation. The mean±sd age was 63±11 years. Admission duration ranged from 14‐35 days and 156 samples were collected. We evaluated the NfL trajectory over time, and whether this trajectory differed by 90‐day mortality outcome. Due to the non‐linear trajectory of NfL, we applied linear mixed models including cubic splines for the time variable. Secondly, we tested whether baseline or peak NfL levels predicted mortality (n=7/31), delirium incidence after detubation (n=18/22), and duration of delirium (6±6 days). Third, we assessed if disease severity (day 7 Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA] score) and baseline hypoxemia (pAO2 before intubation), inflammation (IL1‐b, IL‐6, IL‐8, TNF‐α), and coagulopathy (d‐dimer, presence of pulmonary embolism) were predictive of the NfL trajectory. For the latter models, we included an interaction term for the pathophysiological markers in the linear mixed models. All models were adjusted for age. RESULT: NfL increased during ICU admission (p<001), and persisted longer in the non‐survivors (p<0.05;Figure 1). Baseline or maximum NfL was not predictive of mortality or delirium incidence. However, maximum NfL correlated to the duration of delirium (r=0.5;p=0.02). From the pathophysiological markers, SOFA scores (p<0.05) and baseline TNF‐α (p<0.05) were related to a stronger increase of NfL over time. CONCLUSION: NfL levels increased over time and plateaued after 2‐3 weeks in most COVID‐19 patients at the ICU. Peak levels of NfL were predictive of delirium persistence. Repeated NfL levels may provide a future method for monitoring neurological outcomes in sedated ICU patients. Disease severity and specific inflammatory components appear important predictors of the NfL trajectory reflecting axonal damage in severe COVID‐19 patients. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2921 | P5-51: Organizing pneumonia post-COVID-19: Outcomes of treatment with corticosteroids in the outpatient setting | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2922 | Associations between misinformation around COVID-19 pandemic, severity of social isolation and cognitive impairment BACKGROUND: In the past year, new research has focused on the degree of misinformation regarding the COVID‐19 pandemic in younger and older adults. However, no study has assessed how social isolation and cognitive status influence misinformation regarding the COVID‐19 pandemic. For this reason, we sought to investigate the differences in misinformation on the current pandemic in older individuals with and without cognitive impairment and social isolation in Boston, MA (United States) and Chieti (Italy). METHOD: Data has been obtained from 49 subjects from the Boston cohort and 138 from the Italian cohort. Both healthy older adults and individuals diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Dementia were included. Cognitive status was assessed with a telephone administered neuropsychological battery and blind MoCA. Social isolation was evaluated with the Lubben social isolation scale and misinformation with a COVID‐19 Misinformation Questionnaire. Associations between these variables were assessed using Pearson correlation and binary logistic regression. RESULT: 35 participants in our sample (26%) met the cutoff for social isolation. 95 subjects (70%) were cognitively impaired. Subjects that were at a higher risk of being socially isolated were more cognitively impaired (r=0.43, N=181, p<.001). Also, they were less likely to know the correct age group that is most affected by the pandemic (b =0.06; p <0.05) and were less likely to feel informed about protective measures that should be taken to avoid contracting COVID‐19 (r=0.24, N=181, p<.001). Subjects that were more cognitively impaired were more likely to think that the COVID‐19 was a bioweapon developed by a government or terrorist organization (b =0.15; p <.001) and were more likely to incorrectly think that a person could not be COVID‐19 positive and be asymptomatic (b =0.17; p <.01). More analysis will be completed once recruitment is completed. CONCLUSION: Social isolation and cognitive impairment were associated with a higher degree of misinformation about COVID‐19 and less information about protective measures against infection, making patients with these characteristics a vulnerable population during the current pandemic. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2923 | P11-8: Surviving covid: A case report on the first covid survivor after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the Philippines | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2924 | Communication during Covid-19: Impacts of face coverings on people living with dementia BACKGROUND: The compulsory introduction of wearing face coverings and social distancing to curb the spread of Covid‐19 in the United Kingdom has reduced both the quality of auditory information and availability of visual and non‐verbal cues during conversations with others. This is likely to have a greater impact on efficiency and effectiveness of communication for people living with dementia and particularly those with a language‐led dementia: Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA). METHOD: Twenty‐four people living with dementia (PLWD), 95 caregivers (on behalf of PLWD) and 38 healthy older controls anonymously reported their experiences of wearing face coverings and the associated impacts on communication via an online survey that ran between December 2020 and April 2021 (age ranges: PLWD 38‐90 years; controls 32‐100 years). The majority of questions were self‐reflective experiences compared to when not wearing face coverings. Mann‐Whitney U tests were used to compare Likert ratings for impact of wearing face coverings on aspects of speaking, listening and holding conversations between PLWD or diagnosis subgroups (27 PPA; 26 Frontotemporal Dementia, FTD; 29 Alzheimer’s disease, AD; 24 Posterior Cortical Atrophy, PCA) and the controls. RESULT: Wearing a face covering made both speaking (80%) and listening (90%) more effortful for the majority of survey respondents and had a greater impact on people living with PPA. Overall PLWD were more likely to require help communicating and those with PPA relied more on non‐verbal strategies (e.g. body language or gestures) than when not wearing a face covering, compared to controls (p=0.001) and other diagnosis subgroups. People with PPA also experienced greater difficulty understanding across diverse everyday listening conditions and most aspects of conversation than controls (p<0.05). People with PCA (p=0.039) also had more difficulty knowing when it was their turn to speak and those with FTD had more difficulty speaking over others (p=0.032), compared to controls. The use of face coverings during the Covid‐19 pandemic also prevented more PLWD from taking part in activities than controls. CONCLUSION: PLWD, and in particular those with a diagnosis of PPA, are particularly susceptible to the negative impacts of the use of face coverings on communication. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2925 | Campus safety sees mission, duties expand in response to COVID-19 The Campus Security Report Advisory Board met to discuss the way that COVID‐19 has changed campus police duties, expectations, and the expansion of campus safety's mission amid student mental health crises on campus. | N/A | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2926 | An exploratory study of caregiver burden amongst urban upper class adults in India during COVID-19 BACKGROUND: The COVID pandemic has impacted caregivers of older adults globally and families have been wary of approaching hospitals due to increased risk of exposure. We explored reasons for help seeking and caregiver burden amongst a sample of consecutive urban upper class adults who approached a non‐hospital based organization providing elderly support in Delhi, India. METHODS: A detailed assessment was carried out by trained care specialists using a clinical interview, Hindi Mental Status examination, evaluation of independence in activities of daily living and caregiver burden using the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). The assessment was conducted online or in person depending on comfort of the family. Descriptive analysis was carried out to understand the caregiver profile and reasons for seeking help. RESULTS: Of the 39 adults assessed, majority had a primary diagnosis of dementia (80%). 10% had other psychiatric illness and 10% other neurological illness. 87% families preferred an in person assessment, stating that an online assessment would not be possible with their family member. Primary caregivers were mostly female (80%) and older adults (46%). The main reason for seeking help was inability to manage challenging behaviors at home (97%), followed by concerns about increased cognitive impairments during COIVD (80%), mood related disturbances (41%) and difficulties with activities of daily living (41%). Assessment using ZBI revealed 82% primary caregivers experienced mild to moderate caregiver burden, however, they felt that they were doing their duty and none spontaneously reported a need to seek any form of support for themselves. CONCLUSION: Currently India does not have a public health system that supports dementia care and public awareness about management is limited. Our findings highlight that caregivers experience significant stress particularly managing challenging behaviors. Most caregivers are female older adults in whom caregiver burden may be more due to factors like role‐strain and limited independence. In absence of a supportive public health system, our findings also highlight the important role that non‐hospital based organizations play in bridging a gap for dementia care delivery, particularly during these COIVD times. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2927 | P5-111: SARS-CoV-2 PCR and antigen positivity continued for 3 months after treatment for severe COVID-19: Case report | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2928 | O5-2: Factors affecting compliance to COVID-19 infection prevention and control measures and its effects on the risk of COVID-19 infection among physicians in a tertiary government hospital | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2929 | P5-54: Guillain-Barre syndrome-acute motor axonal neuropathy as neurologic sequela in a COVID-19 critically-ill patient: A case report | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2930 | Subjective cognitive decline is associated with higher anxiety and depression during the COVID-19‒related confinement BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is often related to affective symptoms and both predict cognitive decline. We investigated whether SCD status predicted higher anxiety/depression during the Covid19‐related confinement, along with amyloid positivity in cognitively unimpaired older adults. METHOD: We included 205 participants from the ALFA+ study (Table 1). During the confinement, anxiety and depression (Hospital Depression and Anxiety scale, HADS), perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale) and stress resilience (Brief Resilience Scale) were measured. Participants completed HADS, SCD‐Questionnaire, and underwent a [(18)F]flutemetamol‐PET scan on average 2.4 years before confinement (baseline). We ran linear analyses with (i) cross‐sectional HADS scores during the confinement as well as (ii) change from baseline to confinement (delta scores) as dependent variables. SCD and amyloid status (+/‐, defined with a Centiloid threshold of 12) and their interaction were considered as predictors, and demographics, APOE‐ε4 status, and baseline HADS (for longitudinal analyses) as covariates. In a second step, perceived stress and stress resilience were considered in the models among covariates. RESULT: Twenty‐seven percent (n=56) of the participants were classified as SCD and 12.7% as amyloid positive. When main effects were tested, both SCD (p=0.03) and amyloid positivity (p=0.003) were associated with higher HADS scores during confinement (Table 2a). Further, a significant SCD*amyloid interaction was observed (p=0.001) such that only SCD participants with an amyloid positive scan showed higher HADS scores (p=0.001). SCD participants showed higher perceived stress than non‐SCD participants (p=.044), but no differences were found in stress resilience (p=0.6). The inclusion of perceived stress and stress resilience as covariates reduced the SCD effect to a trend (p=0.06) but not the effect of amyloid (p=0.003). Longitudinal analyses with delta scores showed similar results for amyloid but not for SCD main effects (Table 2b). The amyloid*SCD interaction was also significant in longitudinal analyses (p=0.002) with amyloid status predicting an increase in HADS scores only in participants with SCD (p=0.003) (Fig. 1). CONCLUSION: Having SCD and being amyloid positive is synergistically related to increased anxiety/depression during the Covid19‐related confinement. Longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate the impact of higher confinement related anxiety/depression in the clinical prognosis of the SCD population. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2931 | P5-6: A convenient risk prediction score for COVID-19 in determining whether hospitalization should be recommended: Kanagawa admission priority assessment score (KAPAS) | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2932 | Alcohol during the pandemic: Steady for women, down for men A new RAND study found that alcohol consumption during the COVID‐19 pandemic declined among men, while it remained steady among women. In general, alcohol‐related problems increased during the pandemic, by 49% for women and 69% for men, but the reasons for the problems remain unclear. The findings were published online last week by the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence. “Both men and women report increases in negative consequences from their drinking as the pandemic goes on,” said Joan Tucker, lead author of the study and a senior behavioral scientist at RAND, a nonprofit research organization. “For men, this finding is particularly striking in that the increase in alcohol‐related problems during the pandemic was occurring even as there was a steady decline in the amount they were drinking.” An earlier RAND survey found that among women there was a pronounced increase in frequency of drinking days and binge drinking days from pre‐pandemic to early pandemic. This study surveyed 1,118 people in the RAND American Life Panel about their alcohol consumption during three time periods — May to July 2020, October to November 2020 and during March 2021. The study found that feelings of loneliness and motivations for using alcohol during the pandemic may play a role in alcohol consumption patterns. For both men and women, stronger coping and social motives for drinking early in the pandemic were associated with an initial higher level of alcohol use, and stronger coping motives were associated with an initial higher level of alcohol problems. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2933 | P5-93: Therapeutic effectiveness and tolerability of favipiravir in mild COVID-19: Real world experience from India | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2934 | The protective impact of telecare on persons with dementia and their caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic BACKGROUND: Social distancing under the COVID‐19 pandemic has restricted access to community services for older adults with neurocognitive disorder (NCD) and their caregivers. Telehealth is a viable alternative to face‐to‐face service delivery. Telephone calls alone, however, may be insufficient. Here, we evaluated whether supplementary telehealth via video‐conferencing platforms could bring additional benefits to care‐recipient with NCD and their spousal caregivers at home. METHOD: Sixty older adults NCD‐and‐caregiver dyads were recruited through an activity centre. The impact of additional services delivered to both care‐recipient and caregiver through video conference (n=30) was compared with telehealth targeted at caregivers by telephone only (n=30), over 4 weeks in a pretest‐posttest design. Interviews and questionnaires were conducted at baseline and study’s end. RESULT: Supplementary telemedicine had averted the deterioration in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment evident in the telephone‐only group (η (p) (2)=0.50). It also reversed the falling trend in quality of life observed in the telephone only group (QoL‐AD, η (p) (2)=0.23). Varying degrees of improvements in physical and mental health (Short‐Form 36 v2), perceived burden (Zarit Burden Interview Scale) and self‐efficacy (Revised Caregiving Self‐Efficacy Scale) were observed among caregivers in the video‐conferencing group, which were absent in the telephone‐only group (η (p) (2)=0.23–0.51). CONCLUSION: Telehealth by video conference was associated with improved resilience and wellbeing to both people with NCD and their caregivers at home. The benefits were visible already after 4 weeks and unmatched by telephone alone. Video conference as the modus operandi of telehealth beyond the context of pandemic‐related social distancing should be considered. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2935 | P5-63: Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy among COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2936 | The impact of COVID-19 outbreak on individuals with Alzheimer's disease: Information released through online news BACKGROUND: Total confirmed cases for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) have been increased quickly worldwide after the emergence of COVID‐19 in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. As of January 21, 2021, the total confirmed coronavirus cases are 97,736,758 worldwide with 25,124,602 in the United States (Worldometer). Prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) had been growing rapidly rendering them major threats to human health. COVID‐19 impacted health care for persons with neurodegenerative diseases. This study reviews current research findings and their online news coverage related to the impact of COVID‐19 outbreak on persons with Alzheimer’s Disease (PWAD) in the 10 months from April 2020 to January 2021 and available resources for caregivers and PWAD. METHOD: We searched “COVID‐19 Alzheimer’s Disease” in Google News and obtained the URLs of all online news reports from April 1(st) 2020 to January 15, 2021 for data analysis. The news stories were: a. in English language, b. non‐duplicate, and c. applicable to Alzheimer’s disease occurrence or symptoms related to COVID‐19 positive cases. The content of the selected new stories is being analyzed for references to: 1. Upload date of news report; 2. Country in which the patients in the report are located; 3. Hospital or University names/studies; 4. Journal or source of the information that is being reported; 5. Alzheimer’s disease signs / symptoms; 6. Physical/ medical comorbidities; 7. Comorbidities / associated neuropsychiatric problems mentioned; 8. Alzheimer’s disease management issues; 9. Age of patients. RESULT: The study is in progress. We are currently collecting news stories and are analyzing the data. CONCLUSION: This study will provide information how the COVID‐19 pandemic influences the course of AD and emerging self‐management strategies for PWAD. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2937 | P5-103: Post covid cavitatory lung lesions: Individualised approach | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2938 | The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cognitive health BACKGROUND: The COVID‐19 pandemic has presented an extraordinary and unprecedented challenge to individuals, society and governments. Aside from the direct clinical impacts of COVID‐19, the social restrictions are likely to have had considerable impacts on cognitive and mental health. Understanding these trends will be critical to improve future responses to outbreaks and to improve the treatment and care provided to individuals affected. METHOD: PROTECT is an innovative online study (www.protect.org.uk) in adults aged 50 and over in the UK, Participants complete annual cognitive assessment and health measures including the PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7. Participants were divided into three cohorts (Normal Cognition, Stage 2 Early AD and Stage 3 Early AD, based on the FDA framework) using baseline data from the cognitive assessment battery. This analysis utilised data from a total of 5301 participants followed annually over the last 5 years, including the year of the COVID‐19 pandemic. It also utilises the newly published FLAME composite cognitive measure that has shown sensitivity to cognitive decline. RESULT: In the participants with worsening PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 scores between 2019 and 2020 (63%), composite measures of Speed [Stage 2: p=0.008, d=0.27; Stage 3: p=0.0006, d=0.17], and accuracy of Attention [Stage 2: p=0.004, d=0.11; Stage 3: p=0.0016, d=0.21], Memory [Stage 2: p=0.0011, d=0.3; Stage 3: p=0.0009, d=0.22] and Executive Function [p=0.08], as well as the composite FLAME measure [p=0.0014, d=0.28], showed a larger decline over the last 12 months compared to the prior assessment period. Whilst no significant increase in the rate of decline was seen in people without worsening of depression or anxiety. CONCLUSION: The pandemic has had a detectable and significant detrimental impact on key aspects of cognitive health in adults over 50, including adults with early cognitive impairment (stage 2 and 3 pre‐clinical AD in the FDA framework) mediated predominantly through worsening of mental health. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2939 | Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the caregiver burden and quality of life in caregivers of patients with dementia BACKGROUND: Family caregivers of dementia patient are at higher risk for perceived burden of caregiving and stress from COVID‐19 than general population. The current study examines the current status COVID‐19‐specific stress, anxiety, burden of caregiving and health related‐ quality of life that may be significantly deteriorated for family caregivers in understanding cargiver burden and their stress experienced due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. METHOD: About two hundred family caregivers aged 20‐79 years in the South Korea will be recruited to collect the data on their stress, anxiety related to ongoing COVID‐19, burden of caregiving, and health‐related Quality of life in an online or telephone survey. RESULT: The present study will show that the current status of perceived stress, anxiety, burden of cargiving of person with dementia associated with COVID‐19 pandemic. The increased stress, anixety, and burden of cargiving could negatively affect their health‐related quality of life. The specific study findings will be demonstrated in poster presentation of the conference. CONCLUSION: The present study will be demonstrated that the association between COVID‐19‐specific stress, burden of caregiving, and health related quality of life for family caregivers of dementia patient. This study findings will encourage future development of public interventions to address burden of caregiving in family caregivers with COVID‐19 pandemic. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2940 | Qualitative study of frontotemporal lobar degeneration caregivers' coping strategies and concerns during COVID-19 BACKGROUND: The coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic has been particularly arduous on those living with dementia and their caregivers as they depend on in‐person support and programs. High rates of depression and anxiety were reported in Alzheimer's disease during the COVID‐19 pandemic (El Haj, 2020). In patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) there are additional challenges as these patients have motor, language, behavior disorders and cognitive deficits. We examined the impact of COVID‐19 on FTLD caregivers. METHOD: From March 2020‐June 2020, we carried out a qualitative study with FTLD caregivers to determine the impact of COVID‐19 on their continued ability to care for the person with dementia. We examined the following: patient’s age, relationship to primary caregiver, number of people in household, access to virtual telecommunication, access to exercise, caregivers’ greatest supports, their identified needs and fears. RESULT: We included 52 FTLD patient‐caregiver dyads (5 behavioral variant (bvFTD), 17 primary progressive aphasia (PPA), 19 Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS), and 11 Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)). Mean age of patients was 67.9+/‐8.76. 57% of caregivers were female. 60% of patients lived alone with spouse, 23% lived with spouse and a child, 2 patients lived in LTC, 3 with a family member (not spouse) or friend, 1 was in hospital, and 2 lived alone. 75% had access to virtual telecommunication. 44% were engaged in physical activity (mostly walking). 16 caregivers (25%) reported their greatest needs were reinstating or increasing Personal Support Worker hours, 8 (15%) needed access to other health care providers and for 7 (13%) they wanted Adult Day Programs to reopen. 31 caregivers (60%) reported their greatest support was family; 8 (15%) were grateful for community supports. 22 caregivers (42%) were concerned about ongoing decline whilst only 11 (21%) feared COVID. CONCLUSION: We provide some qualitative data on FTLD caregivers’ experience during COVID. The most frequent concern was ongoing decline. Over 50% of caregivers reported their greatest need was access to services and their greatest support was family network. Enabling easily accessible and safe in‐home care is important to support people living at home with FTLD during the pandemic. REFERENCES: El Haj, M. Psychiatry Research, (2020). | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2941 | "A brutal disadvantage for my wife [living with dementia] That has set us back years": Results of a quantitative survey of caring relatives of people living with dementia during the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany BACKGROUND: The Covid‐19 pandemic poses a major challenge to the entire population. People living with dementia and their caring relatives, mostly older people, are considered a high risk group for infection with Covid‐19. As people living with dementia have a particular need for consistent daily routines and care, the restrictions during the pandemic presented relatives with new burden. Here, we investigated how caring relatives experienced the time during the Covid‐19 pandemic. METHOD: We planned to conduct focus groups with different stakeholders in dementia care. Due to contact restrictions, we carried out a quantitative survey with a semi‐structured questionnaire as an alternative method of data collection. Questionnaires (n = 45) including open and closed questions were sent by post to the leaders of four self‐help groups for relatives of people living with dementia and then distributed to the members by the group leaders. We asked about the current health status of the respondents, the limitations during the Covid‐19 pandemic and changes in the care of people living with dementia. RESULT: A total of 23 questionnaires were completed and returned to us. Participants had a mean age of 70.4 years (range 51 to 88 years). The majority of participants were female (69.6%). More than half of the participants assessed their health status as less good or bad (56.5%). Compared to the health status before the Covid‐19 pandemic, more than one third of respondents felt their own health was deteriorating (39.1%). Feelings of isolation and social exclusion increased in 39.1% of the participants during Covid‐19 pandemic. Most participants suffered from limitations of social contacts and leisure activities. The temporary closure of day care facilities for people living with dementia was a particular burden for caring relatives. CONCLUSION: The majority of respondents experienced the Covid‐19 pandemic as burdensome with regard to their health and their care responsibilities. The statements of relatives underline the importance of maintaining clear structures in everyday life and in care of people living with dementia even in periods of crisis. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2942 | Social contact, social participation and their changes among elderly people in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic BACKGROUND: The study aims to assess changes of social contact and social participation during the COVID‐19 pandemic among the US elderly, and what roles the prior physical and cognitive performances of the elderly played. METHOD: Data were from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) COVID‐19 questionnaire in 2020 (n=3,188, response rate=80.5%).(1) Data was linked to the 2019 round to include the demographics, physical and cognitive performances of the participants. Participants that reported COVID‐19 diagnosis and symptoms (n=288) and represented by proxies (n=414) were excluded. Frequencies of social contact with family and friends (phone calls/emails/texts/person visits) and with health care providers, and social participation (working, volunteering, attending religious services, and attending organized activities) prior to and during the COVID‐19 were compared using paired t test for summed scores, Wilcoxon signed rank for paired categorical variables, and McNamara test for paired binary variables. Weighted linear and logistic regressions adjusted for multiple covariates were used to investigate the effects of prior physical and cognitive performances on social contact and social participation, prior to, during, and changes in the COVID‐19. RESULT: A total of 2,486 participants were included (mean age: 78.24 years; female: 56.20%; non‐Hispanic White: 88.43%). The COVID‐19 resulted in significant increased social contact with family and friends but decreased social participation, among the elderly. Furthermore, elder people with better prior physical performance reported significant increased social contact with family and friends and social participation, both prior to and during the COVID‐19, while they reported significant decreased social participation during the COVID‐19. Specially, better prior physical performance was associated with significant increased video calls and volunteering work during the COVID‐19. However, prior cognitive ability was not found a significant risk factor. CONCLUSION: The COVID‐19 pandemic affected the pattern of social contact and social participation of the US elderly. Prior physical performance, rather than prior cognitive ability, significantly affected the social way old people respond to a pandemic crisis. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2943 | Adjustments in the range of activities offered in long-term care facilities during the COVID-19 visitor ban: Lessons learned BACKGROUND: Residents of long term care facilities (LTCFs) are one of the most vulnerable groups worldwide to the coronavirus. During the COVID‐19 outbreak in the Netherlands, as well as in many other countries, a national visitor‐ban for LTCFs was in place (starting 20 March and (partly) ending on 15 June 2020). Organized (group) activities, offering a meaningful and pleasant day structure for both residents, were scaled down or completely stopped. So far, it remains unclear which particular types of activities were cancelled, whether ‘replacement’ activities were introduced that may acquire a structural character in the future, and how this affected care workers. METHOD: Online questionnaire research into the consequences of the COVID‐19 outbreak and restrictive measures in long term care facilities in the Netherlands was conducted at two points in time; six weeks after the COVID‐19 visitor‐ban was implemented (T1) and one week after the ban was (partly) lifted (T2). Residents, family members and care professionals were recruited independently for each measurement. This study only uses care professionals’ data. Descriptive statistics, frequencies and independent t‐tests were performed. RESULT: During T1, 811 professionals completed the questionnaire, during T2 324. Care workers reported a decrease in regular group activities during the visitor‐ban. For example, exercise activities, creative activities and music activities were undertaken less frequently. Domestic activities such as eating together and watching television were also scaled down as compared to before the visitor‐ban. However, activities that could be easily done on the unit with sufficient social distance, such as music activities, conversations and playing games in the living room, were undertaken more frequently during the visitor‐ban. The impact of the up‐ and downscaling of activities on care professional burden, and the perceived ability to provide adequate care, will be presented. CONCLUSION: Activities are an important means for residents of long term care facilities for obtaining pleasure and giving a meaningful structure to the day. Future lessons can be learned from the adjustments that had to be made in the range of activities offered during the COVID‐19 visitor‐ban. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2944 | Neurochemical signs of astrocytic and neuronal injury in acute COVID-19 normalizes during long-term follow-up BACKGROUND: Neurologic manifestations are well‐recognized features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). However, the longitudinal association of biomarkers reflecting CNS impact and neurological symptoms is not known. We wished to determine whether plasma biomarkers of CNS injury were associated with neurologic sequelae after COVID‐19. METHOD: Patients with confirmed acute COVID‐19 were studied prospectively. Neurological symptoms were recorded during the acute phase of the disease and at six months follow‐up, and blood samples were collected longitudinally. Healthy age‐matched individuals were included as controls. We analyzed plasma concentrations of neurofilament light‐chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAp), and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF‐15). RESULT: We recruited 100 patients with mild (n = 24), moderate (n = 28), and severe (n = 48) COVID‐19 who were followed for a median of (IQR) 225 (187–262) days. In the acute phase, patients with severe COVID‐19 had higher concentrations of NfL than all other groups (all p < 0.001) and higher GFAp than controls (p < 0.001). GFAp was also significantly increased in moderate disease (p < 0.05) compared with controls. NfL (r = 0.53, p < 0.001) and GFAp (r = 0.39, p < 0.001) correlated with GDF‐15 during the acute phase. After six months, NfL and GFAp concentrations had normalized, with no persisting group differences. Despite this, 50 patients reported persistent neurological symptoms, most commonly included fatigue (n = 40), “brain‐fog” (n = 29), and changes in cognition (n = 25). We found no relation between persistent neurological symptoms and CNS injury biomarkers in the acute phase. CONCLUSION: The normalization of CNS injury biomarkers in all individuals, regardless of previous disease severity or persisting neurological symptoms, indicate that post‐acute COVID‐19 neurological sequelae are not accompanied by ongoing CNS injury. Although injury biomarkers commonly increase in severe acute COVID‐19, further investigations into the causes of post‐infectious sequelae are needed. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2945 | P10-24: Successful extubation in a phenobarbital overdose attempted suicide in a non-ideal set-up at the time of COVID-19 pandemic | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2946 | Neuroinflammation in COVID-19 and ADRD: Similarities, differences and interactions BACKGROUND: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐COV‐2) causes various neurological manifestations including neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is also present in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). Despite the widespread and devastating impact of these conditions, the full causal mechanisms leading to neuroinflammation and its impact on outcomes remain elusive. Here we examine neuroinflammation in COVID‐19 and ADRD in order to identify similarities, differences and interactions that could aid in addressing the biopsychosocial mechanisms and consequences in both conditions. METHOD: Using an expanded Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) approach we constructed a framework to compare the similarities and differences in key events leading to neuroinflammation. The framework is based on a meta‐survey of the literature as well as existing AOPs. Key findings were assessed for similarities and differences regarding the clinical presentation, biological mechanisms, risk, protective factors, and treatment interventions. Additionally, we considered health disparities that may contribute to the worsening progression of both COVID‐19 and ADRD. RESULT: The comparison and intersections of COVID‐19 and ADRD show various overlapping factors across scales. An overlap of immune system and inflammatory processes exacerbate both conditions, potentially leading to increased mortality rates. Although there are major differences in the initiating events, timelines and molecular cascades, there are significant pathway commonalities across scales. Furthermore, commonalities in underlying conditions, such as obesity, Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and metabolic disorders, are major risk factors in both COVID‐19 and ADRD, which worsen the outcomes. Additionally, lifestyle risk factors, such as poor nutrition, physical inactivity and cognitive status, may further exacerbate the deadly prognosis for both conditions. CONCLUSION: Given the crucial role of inflammation and immune system functioning in both these conditions, implementing preventative measures to strengthen the immune system and decrease comorbid conditions and lifestyle risk factors is imperative, especially for vulnerable populations. Mapping approaches such as AOPs can be particularly helpful in evaluating the weight of current evidence and knowledge gaps in a rapidly evolving scientific data landscape, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic. These approaches can also serve as a foundation to further probe the complexities of multiscale interactions in diseases that may otherwise initially appear unrelated. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 2947 | Sex, caregiver status and amyloid positivity predict increased anxiety and depression during the COVID-19‒related confinement BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression are more prevalent in women and caregivers and are associated with increased Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. We investigated multimodal predictors of increased anxiety/depression during the Covid19‐related confinement in cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults with an increased risk for AD with a special focus on sex/gender. METHOD: We included 921 CU participants from the ALFA study (Table 1). Anxiety and depression (Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale, HADS), perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS) and stress resilience (Brief Resilience Scale, BRS) were measured during Covid19‐related confinement. A subgroup completed the HADS (n=767) and underwent [(18)F]flutemetamol‐PET imaging and sMRI (n=254) 2.4±0.8 years before confinement. Cross‐sectional anxiety/depression measurements and change in anxiety/depression (delta score) from baseline to confinement were our primary outcomes of interest. We considered amyloid status (+/‐) and cortical thickness (Cth) from the AD signature regions as imaging biomarkers. First, we investigated sex differences in the variables assessed during confinement. Second, we ran regression models to predict (i) cross‐sectional anxiety/depression scores during confinement and (ii) change in anxiety/depression from baseline to confinement. Age, sex, education, APOE‐ε4 status, caregiver status, stress related‐variables and imaging biomarkers were considered as predictors. RESULT: Fifteen percent of the participants were caregivers, 69% of which were women. Women showed increased stress perception relative to men (p=<0.001) – notably, when they were caregivers (p=0.01). There were no sex‐differences in stress resilience (p=0.5). In cross‐sectional models, sex (women) and higher stress perception were independent predictors of greater anxiety/depression during confinement (Table 2a). Being a caregiver additionally predicted increase in anxiety/depressive symptomatology from baseline (Table 3a). Finally, in the subsample with biomarkers, amyloid positivity ‐ but not Cth in the AD signature ‐ contributed to predict anxiety/depression both cross‐sectionally (Table 2b) and longitudinally (Table 3b) along with sex (women), caregiver status and stress perception. CONCLUSION: Our results showed sex differences in caregiver status and stress perception during the Covid19‐related confinement. Further, women, caregivers and those with higher self‐perceived stress showed an increase in anxiety/depressive symptomatology. Amyloid pathology prior to confinement was associated with greater levels of anxiety/depression suggesting a role of amyloid pathology in anxiety/depressive symptomatology. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2948 | The effect of prolonged lockdown due to COVID-19 on demented patients of different stages and on their caregivers BACKGROUND: The impact of the new coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is deteriorating as time passes and the virus keeps spreading. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of prolonged isolation because of the COVID‐19 pandemic on people with dementia and their caregivers. METHOD: Caregivers answered online questions regarding their own physical and psychological burden, and of the person they take care of. The study took place in Athens, Greece, from November 2020 to April 2021. Participants were mostly members of online seminars of the Athens Alzheimer’s Association. Questions referred to their own burden, the overall decline of the persons they take care of, and changes in specific domains as well (i.e., mood, mobility, compliance with the new measures). Further, we also asked about any changes between the two major lockdown periods. Possible answers were: “not at all”, “moderately”, “a lot”. Statistical analysis included descriptive (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percent) and inferential statistics (chi‐square test). Analysis was performed including the total sample and then, by three different stages of dementia (early, middle, late). RESULT: A total of 339 caregivers took part in the study. People suffering from dementia that were referred at, were mostly women, with a mean age of 81 (S.D.: 7.5) years old, mostly being in the middle stage of dementia. Results indicated significant decline, both in an overall aspect of the people with dementia, and in specific domains (mostly communication and mood). Regarding the caregivers, they reported having significantly increased physical and psychological burden, and also, noticing an overall change between the two lockdowns in their own burden. Analysis by dementia‐stage group indicated that significant decline occurred both in the middle‐stage and the late‐stage group. CONCLUSION: An urgency for further support of both the people with neurodegenerations and their caregivers is needed. Collaboration among care workers, online programs, governmental support, and day‐care centers should be planned to ensure continuity of care for those in need during the pandemic. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2949 | Pandemic impact in care homes: Care homes perspectives BACKGROUND: Care Homes (CH) are a vital resource in the health and social care system to support elderly people who may be unable to live at home independently. Older adults and carers have been disproportionately affected by coronavirus (COVID‐19). With 410 00 people living in CH, we lack data of how these major changes have impacted CH, and how CH are managing during the pandemic outbreak. We require knowledge, including what policies and procedures CH currently have; how they are mitigating risks; and how current experiences and guidance can improve care of CH residents during the current pandemic and future crises. METHOD: CH members of the Care Home Research Network (CHRN) were invited to take part on an online anonymous survey. An email invitation was sent to 225 CH, with surveys completed between August to October 2020. The questionnaire comprised of 49 questions, focusing on CH details, their views of the impact on the CH, staff and residents, and questions exploring strategies, ideas, and guidelines that the CH followed. RESULT: Fifty care homes completed the survey. With 60% of the CH having between 10‐40 beds, and 40% between 50 to more than 100 beds. 76% of the respondents felt that their institution had been affected by the pandemic, with 52% having residents dying due to COVID‐19 and 68% had staff absent due to COVID‐19. 94% of respondents felt an increased level of stress in their role due to COVID‐19, with 22% saying that they could not cope with the increase in the workload and 52% hiring staff to cope with the workload. 70% of respondents felt that residents were feeling lonelier and 56% that residents were more depressed. CONCLUSION: CH have been greatly impacted by the Pandemic, with increased anxieties and stress in staff, they lacked the support and resources needed to better overcome the challenges caused by this Pandemic. Moreover, residents were lonelier and more depressed, and their family members were more anxious/worried, requiring more resources from CH to support residents and family members. CH had to adapt, be innovative, find new working ways and using technology to meet residents and family needs. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 2950 | P5-68: The use of an institutionalized respiratory protocol as a decision-making tool improved outcomes among severe and critically-ill COVID-19 patients in Perpetual Succour Hospital | Respirology | 2021 | CORD-19 |
(1) COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). 2020. Version 2022-06-02. Retrieved from https://ai2-semanticscholar-cord-19.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/historical_releases.html. Accessed 2022-06-05. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3715506
(2) Chen Q, Allot A, & Lu Z. (2020) Keep up with the latest coronavirus research, Nature 579:193 and Chen Q, Allot A, Lu Z. LitCovid: an open database of COVID-19 literature. Nucleic Acids Research. 2020. (version 2023-01-10)
(3) Currently tweets of June 23rd to June 29th 2022 have been considered.