| Title | Venue | Year | Impact | Source |
| 2201 | Most Common Social Media Platforms in Saudi Arabia for Sharing COVID-19 Medical Information INTRODUCTION: This study is a quantitative analysis of the most commonly used social media platforms during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among health care workers (HCWs) and non-HCWs (NHCWs) for sharing medical information pertaining to protective measures against COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: An online survey was administered during the first 3 months of COVID-19 lockdown in Saudi Arabia. The sample size of the study was 1,249, including 275 HCWs and 974 NHCWs. RESULTS: The findings show that WhatsApp is the most used social media platform in Saudi Arabia, followed by Twitter. Popular social media sites among HCWs are Instagram, WhatsApp, Snapchat, Telegram, and Twitter. Future researchers might investigate how HCWs assess the validity, trust, and reliability of information on social media platforms. CONCLUSION: This study has implications for how to effectively disseminate information through social media platforms based on health care specialty and demographics. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2202 | Food Insecurity in Portugal during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prevalence and Associated Sociodemographic Characteristics INTRODUCTION: The current worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has been having a considerable impact not only on health but also on the economy of societies, emphasizing food insecurity as a significant public health concern. AIM: The objective of this study was to characterize the scenario of food insecurity in Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic and explore its related sociodemographic characteristics. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional study, using data from an online survey, performed from November 2020 until February 2021, including 882 residents aged 18 years or older in Portugal. Data on sociodemographics and food security status were collected, the latter was evaluated using the United States Household Food Security Survey Module: Six-Item Short Form. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models were performed (covariates: education, household income perception, and the working status during the COVID-19 pandemic). The odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. RESULTS: Most participants were women (71.3%), with a mean age of 36.8 years (SD 11.0). Food insecurity prevalence was 6.8%. Less-educated individuals (≤12 years of schooling; OR 2.966; 95% CI 1.250–7.042), and those who were and remained unemployed since the beginning of the pandemic (OR 2.602; 95% CI 1.004–6.742) had higher odds of belonging to a food-insecure household, regardless of education, working status during the COVID-19 pandemic, and household income perception. Moreover, lower odds of belonging to a food-insecure household were observed among those reporting a comfortable household income (OR 0.007; 95% CI 0.001–0.062) than those who perceived their household income as insufficient, independently of education and the working status during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the population groups that are at a greater risk of food insecurity during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Effective public health strategies should be developed aiming to address food insecurity during this crisis, especially among the higher risk groups. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2203 | Using Digital Technologies in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Portugal Digital technologies revolutionized the way we dealt with the COVID-19 pandemic and outstood the obvious societal change in the information age. Currently, data are an essential element of any health institution. Their use has the potential to radically reduce the cost and time needed to strengthen scientific evidence on the effectiveness of interventions. Likewise, information and the potential of these technologies have become a crucial part of the response to the pandemic. Effective implementation of data management strategies has depended on the adoption of digital technologies and their integration with health policies and care systems. In August 2020, Nature Medicine published an article about technological maturity and digital responses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aims to provide a contextualization of the technologies adopted in Portugal in the current crisis while highlighting, when applicable, requirements, potentials, constraints and aspects of possible improvements. The digital maturity of health services is a gradual process that requires preparation, adaptation and response. The future of public health and health care systems will be increasingly digital, and it is necessary to promote a culture of innovation, coordinate and standardize processes and make room for a new paradigm of sustainable digital transformation. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2204 | A Case Report of Atrial Myxoma in the Time of Corona Presenting with Systemic Embolization Myxomas are very rare intracardiac benign tumors. They can arise in any of the cardiac chambers, although 75% occur in the left atrium. Atrial myxomas (AMs) show a female predominance with a sex ratio of 3:1. There is a diversity in the clinical presentation; it may resemble many cardiovascular or systemic diseases. Furthermore, it is possible to present as an acute upper or lower limb ischemia or organ infarction due to systemic emboli. Hereby, we report a previously healthy 38-year-old male, who presented to the emergency department with acute pain of both lower limbs, unilateral upper limb, and acute abdomen. A bedside transthoracic echocardiogram was done which showed a mass that was confirmed to be an AM. The patient underwent surgical embolectomy and tumor resection. As this tumor is rare, the duration between the onset of symptoms to finally reaching the correct diagnosis is usually prolonged, and meanwhile, the patient can experience irreversible neurological damage or even death. Hence, we would like to highlight the role of echocardiogram in detecting AMs. In addition, excluding the primary cause of the thrombi, the patient's ischemic pain has a spectrum of differential diagnosis ranging from peripheral vascular disease to COVID-19. We would also like to emphasize the importance of a high index of suspicion by emergency physicians when such cases present. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2205 | Anti-BCMA-CAR-T-Zell-Therapie bei einem Patienten mit rezidiviertem und refraktärem Multiplen Myelom nach einer COVID-19-Infektion: ein Fallbericht Hintergrund: Über das Risiko einer Virusinfektion mit dem schweren akuten Atemwegssyndrom Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) bei Krebspatienten, von denen viele immungeschwächt und damit anfälliger für eine Vielzahl von Infektionen sind, ist sehr wenig bekannt. Als Vorsichtsmaßnahme haben viele klinische Studien während der ersten Welle der weltweiten Pandemie des neuartigen Coronavirus (COVID-19) die Aufnahme von Patienten pausiert. In diesem Fallbericht beschreiben wir die erfolgreiche Behandlung eines Patienten mit rezidiviertem und refraktärem Multiplem Myelom (MM), der unmittelbar nach der klinischen Genesung von COVID-19 mit einer chimären Antigenrezeptor (CAR)-T-Zelltherapie mit Anti-B-Zellreifungsantigen (BCMA) behandelt wurde. Fallvorstellung: Der 57-jährige weiße männliche Patient war seit 4 Jahren an MM erkrankt und galt bei der Vorstellung zur CAR-T-Zelltherapie als pentarefraktär. Er hatte eine Immunsuppression in seiner medizinischen Vorgeschichte und er erhielt am Tag vor der COVID-19-Diagnose eine Dosis lymphdepletierender Chemotherapie (LDC). Dieser Patient konnte eine erhebliche Immunantwort gegen das SARS-CoV-2-Virus aufbauen, und antivirale Antikörper bleiben auch 2 Monate nach Erhalt einer Anti-BCMA-CAR-T-Zelltherapie noch nachweisbar. Die kürzliche SARS-CoV-2-Infektion bei diesem Patienten führte nicht zu einer Exazerbation des CAR-T-assoziierten Zytokin-Freisetzungssyndroms (CRS) und umgekehrt führte die CAR-T-Zelltherapie nicht zu Komplikationen im Zusammenhang mit COVID-19. Einen Monat nach der CAR-T-Zell-Infusion wurde bei dem Patienten ein unbestätigtes partielles Ansprechen nach den Kriterien der International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) festgestellt. Schlussfolgerung: Unser Fall liefert einen wichtigen Kontext für die Wahl der Behandlung von MM-Patienten in Zeiten von COVID-19 sowie für die Frage, ob die CAR-T-Therapie auch bei Patienten verabreicht werden kann, die von COVID-19 genesen sind. Da die COVID-19-Pandemie weltweit anhält, ist eine umfangreiche Diskussion über die Entscheidung, ob mit der CAR-T-Zelltherapie fortgefahren werden soll, erforderlich, wobei die potenziellen Risiken und Vorteile der Therapie gegeneinander abgewogen werden müssen. Dieser Fall legt nahe, dass es möglich ist, die Anti-BCMA-CAR-T-Zelltherapie nach der Genesung von COVID-19 erfolgreich abzuschließen. Die Studie CRB-402 wurde am 6. September 2017 bei clinicaltrials.gov registriert (NCT03274219). | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2206 | A Retrospective Case Study Report of the Projectification and Quick Wins during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Governmental Healthcare Sector: Lessons Learned from Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most challenging disasters healthcare institutions are facing, requiring healthcare systems to balance meeting general healthcare needs with those caused by the pandemic. Healthcare systems were not designed to deal with this crisis: an unpredictable, large-scale challenge that has required urgent resource mobilization, affecting whole populations. However, there has also been no time to debate systems' abilities to deal with the crisis, not least because the pandemic opposes the general direction of these systems. The urgent need for new fast-track, quick-win projects was necessary because we were time-constrained. We also needed an effective approach − which globally known project management tools could be efficiently applied? The widely accepted Project Management Institute (PMI) model and the popular Six Sigma Define, Measure, Analyze, Implement, Control (DMAIC) approach were two reasonable methodologies to select, so we aimed to modify these tools to achieve quick results. An initial needs assessment of the pandemic's challenges required careful consideration of our high-impact healthcare facilities' ability to meet those challenges. Our assessment concluded that ability was limited, and as Lean Six Sigma DMAIC principles are more effectively applicable to quality improvement initiatives, the combined application of DMAIC and PMI principles, which enable robust and stable project initiation, governance, enterprise engagement, and measurable quality deliverables, enabled us to focus on structured project management and quality outcomes. METHODS: This modified approach was applied to the 10 main Ministry of Health (MOH) hospitals and 2 specialized care centers in the Al-Ahsa region, to design and initiate 40 mini-projects that could yield quick wins. This study was designed to measure the value of applying these tools and learn lessons retrospectively. RESULTS: The successful ability to eliminate identified healthcare challenges within 5 weeks of launching the mini-projects, meeting an average of 74% of planned baseline targets. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2207 | Von Alpha bis Omikron: Das 3. Jahr der COVID-19-Pandemie | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2208 | Prueba nasofaríngea con resultado positivo tardío para COVID-19, un estudio de caso con correlación clínica y patológica ANTECEDENTES: Hay varias razones por las que las pruebas de PCR nasofaríngeas para la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) dan un resultado positivo tardío, no sólo en casos asintomáticos sino también en pacientes gravemente enfermos. Los atributos fisiopatológicos aún se desconocen. Exploramos esta posibilidad mediante el reporte de un caso. PRESENTACIÓN DEL CASO: Un varón de 64 años con antecedentes de infección fúngica pulmonar, asma y enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC), diabetes y arteriopatía coronaria se presentó con dificultad respiratoria, fiebre e imágenes torácicas de opacidad esmerilada y engrosamiento intersticial reticular, altamente sospechoso de COVID-19. Sin embargo, las pruebas de hisopado nasofaríngeo fueron discordantemente negativas durante cuatro ocasiones en dos semanas, y los anticuerpos IgG para COVID-19 también fueron negativos. Sin embargo, el nivel de IgE en suero era elevado. No se identificaron otros patógenos. Sus síntomas se deterioraron a pesar del tratamiento con corticosteroides, antibióticos y broncodilatadores. Se realizaron un lavado broncoalveolar (LBA) y una biopsia en cuña a pulmón abierto para el diagnóstico de la etiología. Se demostró la presencia de neumonía organizativa fibrosante positiva para RNA viral COVID-19, y daños en las vías respiratorias caracterizados por un efecto citopático sospechoso de origen viral, inflamación mixta neutrofílica, linfoplasmática, histiocítica y eosinofílica, y fibrosis, además de los cambios esperados en el asma y la EPOC. Una semana después, las pruebas nasofaríngeas de COVID-19 repetidas en los días 40 y 49 resultaron positivas. CONCLUSIÓN: Nuestro caso y la revisión de la literatura indican que el asma alérgica y el alto nivel de IgE asociado a ella, junto con la inhalación de corticosteroides, podrían contribuir a la positividad retardada del hisopado nasofaríngeo en las vías respiratorias superiores; la obstrucción crónica de las vías respiratorias relacionada con la EPOC y la adición de fibrosis provocaron dependencia del ventilador y un mal pronóstico en la neumonía por COVID-19, y deberían ser objeto de tratamiento junto con la terapia antiviral. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2209 | Mecanismos del COVID-19 en el cuerpo humano: Lo que sabemos hasta ahora Ha transcurrido más de un año y medio desde el inicio de la pandemia debida a la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), y el mundo se esfuerza por contenerla. Al ser causada por un virus hasta ahora desconocido, en el periodo inicial hubo una escasez extrema de conocimientos sobre los mecanismos de la enfermedad, lo que dificultó las medidas preventivas y terapéuticas contra el COVID-19. En un esfuerzo por comprender sus mecanismos patogénicos, se han llevado a cabo extensos estudios experimentales en todo el mundo con experimentos basados en cultivos celulares, organoides de tejidos humanos y modelos animales, enfocados en varios aspectos de la enfermedad, como las propiedades del virus, su tropismo tisular y su patogénesis específica en ciertos órganos, la implicación de los sistemas fisiológicos y la respuesta inmunitaria humana contra la infección. El enorme conocimiento científico acumulado sobre todos los aspectos del COVID-19 cambió el escenario, de una gran desolación, a la esperanza. A pesar de que se han producido avances espectaculares en todos estos aspectos, quedan múltiples lagunas de conocimiento que deben abordarse en futuros estudios. Además, desde el inicio de la primera oleada de COVID-19 han surgido en todo el mundo múltiples variantes del coronavirus tipo 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2), que parecen tener mayor transmisibilidad/virulencia y capacidad de escape inmunológico que la cepa de tipo salvaje. En esta revisión narramos los avances realizados desde el inicio de la pandemia en nuestros conocimientos sobre los mecanismos del COVID-19 en el cuerpo humano, incluyendo las interacciones virus-huésped, las manifestaciones pulmonares y sistémicas, las desregulaciones inmunológicas, las complicaciones, la vulnerabilidad específica del huésped y las consecuencias a largo plazo en los supervivientes. Además, ofrecemos una breve revisión de las pruebas actuales que explican los mecanismos moleculares que confieren mayor transmisibilidad, virulencia y capacidad de escape inmunológico a las variantes emergentes del SARS-CoV-2. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2210 | COVID-19: Una enfermedad multiorgánica BACKGROUND: Findings from autopsies have provided evidence on systemic microvascular damage as one of the underlying mechanisms of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to correlate autopsy-based cause of death in SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive patients with chest imaging and severity grade of pulmonary and systemic morphological vascular pathology. METHODS: Fifteen SARS-CoV-2 positive autopsies with clinically distinct presentations (age 22–89 years) were retrospectively analyzed with focus on vascular, thromboembolic, and ischemic changes in pulmonary and in extrapulmonary sites. Eight patients died due to COVID-19 associated respiratory failure with diffuse alveolar damage in various stages and/or multi-organ failure, whereas other reasons such as cardiac decompensation, complication of malignant tumors, or septic shock were the cause of death in 7 further patients. The severity of gross and histopathological changes was semi-quantitatively scored as 0 (absent), 1 (mild), and 3 (severe). Severity scores between the 2 groups were correlated with selected clinical parameters, initial chest imaging, autopsy-based cause of death, and compared using Pearson χ2 and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: Severe pulmonary endothelitis (p = 0.031, p = 0.029) and multi-organ involvement (p = 0.026, p = 0.006) correlated significantly with COVID-19 associated death. Pulmonary microthrombi showed limited statistical correlation, while tissue necrosis, gross pulmonary embolism, and bacterial superinfection did not differentiate the 2 study groups. Chest imaging at hospital admission did not differ either. CONCLUSIONS: Extensive pulmonary endothelitis and multi-organ involvement are characteristic autopsy features in fatal COVID-19 associated deaths. Thromboembolic and ischemic events and bacterial superinfections occur frequently in SARS-CoV-2 infection independently of outcome. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2211 | Risk of COVID-19 in Health Professionals: A Case-Control Study, Portugal INTRODUCTION: Health professionals face higher occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to estimate the risk of COVID-19 test positivity in health professionals compared to non-health professionals. METHODS: We conducted a test-negative case-control study using Portuguese national surveillance data (January to May 2020). Cases were suspected cases who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2; controls were suspected cases who tested negative. We used multivariable logistic regression modelling to estimate the odds ratio of a positive COVID-19 test (RT-PCR; primary outcome), comparing health professionals and non-health professionals (primary exposure), and adjusting for the confounding effect of demographic, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics, and the modification effect of the self-reported epidemiological link (i.e., self-reported contact with a COVID-19 case or person with COVID-19-like symptoms). RESULTS: Health professionals had a 2-fold higher risk of a positive COVID-19 test result (aOR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.69–2.11). However, this association was strongly modified by the self-report of an epidemiological link such that, among cases who did report an epidemiological link, being a health professional was a protective factor (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.82–0.98). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that health professionals might be primarily infected by unknown contacts, plausibly in the healthcare setting, but also that their occupational exposure does not systematically translate into a higher risk of transmission. We suggest that this could be interpreted in light of different types and timing of exposure, and variability in risk perception and associated preventive behaviours. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2212 | A Descriptive Evaluation of Health Literacy and Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance among Patients with IgA Nephropathy with High Vaccine Uptake AIMS: Shared decision-making regarding COVID-19 vaccination in IgA nephropathy involves the ability to handle health information regarding potential benefits and risk of flare, but few studies have evaluated health literacy in the context of vaccination. We aimed to evaluate the health literacy and COVID-19 vaccination uptake and acceptance in IgA nephropathy. METHODS: Single-center cross-sectional study of 126 consecutive patients with IgA nephropathy. Health literacy was assessed using the HLS-EU-47 questionnaire. Determinants of vaccine acceptance such as contextual influences, individual and group influences, and vaccine-specific issues were adapted from the World Health Organization framework. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients (38.1%) with IgAN nephropathy completed the survey between June and August 2021. The participants' median age was 40.5 (31.6, 52.8) years with median disease duration of 2.8 (1.3, 4.3) years. The median general health literacy index was 31.74 (29.88, 35.82) with significantly greater difficulty in the competency of appraising health information and in the domain of disease prevention (p < 0.001). Forty-five patients (93.8%) received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine between January and August 2021. Among the 3 unvaccinated patients, 2 intended to receive the vaccination while and 1 did not intend to get vaccinated. There was a high level of trust and belief that their government and healthcare providers had their best interests at heart and that the healthcare providers were honest about the vaccine's risk and benefits, although 31.2% did not understand how the vaccine works and 22.9% believed that there were other ways to prevent infection. Most thought there was adequate safety information, were confident in the system for tracking adverse events and had no issues with access to the vaccine. CONCLUSION: Participants with IgA nephropathy had high health literacy scores and low vaccine hesitancy. The determinants for vaccine acceptance can potentially guide efforts to optimize vaccination coverage. | Glomerular Dis | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2213 | Lungenfibrose: Diagnostik peripherer Lungenläsionen nicht verzögern Background: Radial probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (RP-EBUS-TBLB) is widely used for diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions (PLLs). To date, there have been no reports regarding the clinical outcomes of RPEBUS-TBLB for PLLs in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Objectives: This study was performed between October 2017 and December 2019 to identify the safety and diagnostic performance of RP-EBUS-TBLB in IPF patients. Methods: Patients were divided into the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) group (n =39, 4%), the probable UIP group (n = 12, 1%), and the noninterstitial lung disease (non-ILD) group (n = 903, 95%). Results: The diagnostic yield was significantly lower in the UIP group than in the non-ILD group (62% vs. 76%; p = 0.042), but there were no significant differences between the UIP and probable UIP groups (62% vs. 83%; p = 0.293) or the probable UIP and non-ILD groups (83% vs. 76%; p = 0.741). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the mean diameter of PLLs, positive bronchus sign on CT, and «within the lesion» status on EBUS were independently associated with success of the procedure. Especially, the presence of the UIP pattern on CT (OR, 0.385; 95% CI: 0.172–0.863; p = 0.020) was independently associated with failed diagnosis. Among patients with UIP, «within the lesion» status on EBUS (OR, 25.432; 95% CI: 2.321–278.666; p = 0.008) was shown to be a factor contributing to a successful diagnosis. Overall, there were no significant differences in complication rates among the 3 study groups. Conclusion: RPEBUS-TBLB can be performed safely with an acceptable diagnostic yield, even in patients with IPF. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2214 | Dificultad respiratoria y COVID-19: Un llamado a la investigación La dificultad respiratoria, también conocida como disnea, es un síntoma frecuente que causa debilidad. Varios reportes han destacado la ausencia de disnea en un subgrupo de pacientes que padecen COVID-19, en la llamada hipoxemia «silenciosa» o «feliz». Los reportes también han mencionado la falta de una relación clara entre la gravedad clínica de la enfermedad y los niveles de disnea referidos por los pacientes. Se ha demostrado en gran medida que entre las complicaciones cerebrales del COVID-19 hay alta prevalencia de encefalopatía aguda, que podría afectar el procesamiento de las señales aferentes o bien la modulación descendente de las señales de disnea. En esta revisión pretendemos destacar los mecanismos implicados en la disnea y resumir la fisiopatología del COVID-19 y sus efectos en la interacción cerebro-pulmón. Posteriormente, presentamos hipótesis sobre la alteración de la percepción de la disnea en pacientes con COVID-19 y sugerimos formas de investigar más a fondo este fenómeno. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2215 | Moderate bis schwere SARS-CoV-2-Infektion: Patienten können von niedrig dosierten Kortikosteroiden profitieren Background: We performed a multicenter, randomized open-label trial in patients with moderate to severe Covid-19 treated with a range of possible treatment regimens. Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to one of three regimen groups at a ratio of 1:1:1. The primary outcome of this study was admission to the intensive care unit. Secondary outcomes were intubation, in-hospital mortality, time to clinical recovery, and length of hospital stay (LOS). Between April 13 and August 9, 2020, a total of 336 patients were randomly assigned to receive one of the 3 treatment regimens including group I (hydroxychloroquine stat, prednisolone, azithromycin and naproxen; 120 patients), group II (hydroxychloroquine stat, azithromycin and naproxen; 116 patients), and group III (hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir (116 patients). The mean LOS in patients receiving prednisolone was 5.5 in the modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population and 4.4 days in the per-protocol (PP) population ompared with 6.4 days (mITT population) and 5.8 days (PP population) in patients treated with Lopinavir/Ritonavir. Results: The mean LOS was significantly lower in the mITT and PP populations who received prednisolone compared with populations treated with Lopinavir/Ritonavir (p = 0.028; p = 0.0007). We observed no significant differences in the number of deaths, ICU admission, and need for mechanical ventilation between the Modified ITT and per-protocol populations treated with prednisolone and Lopinavir/Ritonavir, although these outcomes were better in the arm treated with prednisolone. The time to clinical recovery was similar in the modified ITT and per-protocol populations treated with prednisolone, lopinavir/ritonavir, and azithromycin (p = 0.335; p = 0.055; p = 0.291; p = 0.098). Conclusions: The results of the present study show that therapeutic regimen (regimen I) with low dose prednisolone was superior to other regimens in shortening the length of hospital stay in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. The steroid sparing effect may be utilized to increase the effectiveness of corticosteroids in the management of diabetic patients by decreasing the dosage. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2216 | Reporte de caso: Papel potencial de los corticosteroides en el tratamiento de la neumonía post-COVID-19 Tras recuperarse de una neumonía grave debida a la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), algunos pacientes permanecen sintomáticos en el periodo posinfeccioso, ya sea de manera clínica, radiológica o respiratoria. El periodo post-COVID-19 se caracteriza por síntomas clínicos cuya duración varía de un sujeto a otro y no parece depender de la gravedad de la neumonía inicial. Las reacciones inflamatorias o inmunitarias persistentes en el periodo post-COVID-19 pueden desempeñar un papel en el desarrollo de las lesiones pulmonares. Aquí reportamos el caso de un hombre de 61 años con neumonía grave por COVID-19, complicada con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda y embolia pulmonar, que requirió ingresar a la unidad de cuidados intensivos y oxigenoterapia de alto flujo. El paciente permaneció hospitalizado durante 23 días para tratar la neumonía grave por COVID-19. Posteriormente, se le envió a casa tras una prueba negativa de PCR para el SARS-CoV-2. El periodo posterior al COVID-19 se caracterizó por una sintomatología respiratoria compleja, con tos, disnea en reposo y disnea de esfuerzo que requirió oxigenoterapia durante varias semanas. Sorprendentemente, la tomografía computarizada torácica de seguimiento realizada cuatro semanas después del alta reveló lesiones pulmonares intersticiales bilaterales. Tras descartar una sobreinfección pulmonar, el paciente recibió tratamiento con corticosteroides orales durante tres meses en dosis digresiva. En nuestro caso, el uso de corticosteroides en la fase posterior al COVID-19 mejoró la enfermedad pulmonar. Estos beneficios se caracterizan por una rápida mejoría sintomática, la reparación acelerada de las imágenes pulmonares, la rápida retirada de oxígeno y un pronto retorno a las actividades cotidianas. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2217 | Climate change and its impact on biodiversity and human welfare Climate change refers to the long-term changes in temperature and weather due to human activities. Increase in average global temperature and extreme and unpredictable weather are the most common manifestations of climate change. In recent years, it has acquired the importance of global emergency and affecting not only the wellbeing of humans but also the sustainability of other lifeforms. Enormous increase in the emission of greenhouse gases (CO(2), methane and nitrous oxide) in recent decades largely due to burning of coal and fossil fuels, and deforestation are the main drivers of climate change. Marked increase in the frequency and intensity of natural disasters, rise in sea level, decrease in crop productivity and loss of biodiversity are the main consequences of climate change. Obvious mitigation measures include significant reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases and increase in the forest cover of the landmass. Conference of Parties (COP 21), held in Paris in 2015 adapted, as a legally binding treaty, to limit global warming to well below 2 °C, preferably to 1.5 °C by 2100, compared to pre-industrial levels. However, under the present emission scenario, the world is heading for a 3–4 °C warming by the end of the century. This was discussed further in COP 26 held in Glasgow in November 2021; many countries pledged to reach net zero carbon emission by 2050 and to end deforestation, essential requirements to keep 1.5 °C target. However, even with implementation of these pledges, the rise is expected to be around 2.4 °C. Additional measures are urgently needed to realize the goal of limiting temperature rise to 1.5 °C and to sustain biodiversity and human welfare. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2218 | Postdigital Learning for a Changing Higher Education This article draws upon the authors’ previous work on the opportunities and challenges learners face as they move into, through, and out of transitional learning spaces. The authors argue that equipping students to locate themselves with/in the tensions of learning is imperative, especially in postdigital learning environments. Teaching in ways that enable students to acknowledge their ‘will to learn’ and to understand that liminal learning can prompt distress and disjunction or the ability to think differently is discussed. This article begins by examining the relationship between the postdigital and the liminal, offers an Integrated Model of Transitional Learning Spaces, and presents different types of disjunctions. It then explores how learners navigate the liminal and concludes by arguing for a need to focus on postdigital learning and liminal learning in a changing higher education landscape. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2219 | Essential readings in international and comparative adult education: Jost Reischmann (Ed.). Ziel Verlag, Augsburg, 2021, 320 pp. ISBN 978-3-96557-093-1 (pbk) | Int Rev Educ | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2220 | Expanding into new product lines in response to COVID-19: The interplay between firm age and performance aspirations Unprecedented environmental shocks, like the outbreak of COVID-19, sometimes trigger firms to adjust to the new environment, by expanding quickly into new—relevant to the shock—product lines, as a means to capitalize on the booming demand of urgently needed supplies. This study examines the role of firm corporate liabilities, as the ones enclosed to firm age, in influencing the number of new product lines a firm introduces in response to the pandemic, and its reaction time to the shock. The way in which performance aspirations interfere in these managerial decisions is also examined. In testing hypotheses, we employ a novel multivariate matching approach, namely entropy balancing, which allows researchers to create balanced samples and accounts for the existence of non-random factors influencing the results. Using a sample of 973 manufacturers that introduced new product lines in response to COVID-19, our hypotheses, positively linking firm age to product line introductions, and negatively to response time to the environmental shock, are supported. Our results indicate that for firms with higher levels of performance above industry average, the positive influence of firm's age on the number of new product lines introduced is weaker than for firms with lower levels of performance above industry average. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2221 | Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants: Why, how and what's next? The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant poses a striking threat to human society. More than 30 mutations in the Spike protein of the Omicron variant severely compromised the protective immunity elicited by either vaccination or prior infection. The persistent viral evolutionary trajectory generates Omicron-associated lineages, such as BA.1 and BA.2. Moreover, the virus recombination upon Delta and Omicron co-infections has been reported lately, although the impact remains to be assessed. This minireview summarizes the characteristics, evolution and mutation control, and immune evasion mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 variants, which will be helpful for the in-depth understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 variants and policy-making related to COVID-19 pandemic control. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2222 | Navigating the "Dual Pandemics": The Cumulative Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Rise in Awareness of Racial Injustices among High School Students of Color in Urban Schools We explored the psychological and educational impact of distance learning during the COVID-19 and racial injustice pandemics. The sample included 19 urban high school students of Color from the San Francisco Bay Area. Interview data were analyzed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis revealing seven themes: (1) challenges learning from home; (2) shifts that impact students’ experience with school; (3) emotions emerging from the COVID-19 pandemic; (4) increased awareness and engagement related to racial injustices; (5) emotional reactions to the rise in awareness to racial injustices; (6) shifts in identity due to social isolation; and (7) coping strategies and support needed. | Urban Educ (Beverly Hills Cali | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2223 | Plan d'urgence sanitaire appliqué à une pharmacie hospitalière durant la pandémie COVID-19: le retour d'expérience de l'Institut national d'oncologie marocain Objectifs Une pandémie est une catastrophe sanitaire pouvant conduire à la perturbation du déroulement des activités de soins au sein d’un établissement hospitalier. L’objectif de ce travail est la présentation d’un modèle de plan d’urgence sanitaire applicable à la pharmacie hospitalière en temps de crise, et la description de l’expérience de la pharmacie de l’Institut national d’oncologie marocain dans la lutte contre la pandémie COVID-19. Méthode Mise en place d’un ensemble de procédures pour l’organisation pharmaceutique dans le cadre d’un plan d’urgence sanitaire, la création d’un dispositif dont la dotation permet la prise en charge rapide de 25 patients simultanés, et d’un système de gestion des risques de pénuries. Par ailleurs, l’ensemble des missions assurées par la pharmacie durant la pandémie COVID-19 ont été présentées et commentées. Résultats Élaboration de trois listes de produits de santé indispensables à l’exercice de médecine de catastrophe, d’un total de 125 références. Les modalités de leur engagement et de réapprovisionnement sont définies par une procédure de déploiement de la pharmacie du plan d’urgence sanitaire. Conclusion En temps de crise, les systèmes d’approvisionnements habituels sont fortement perturbés et les ruptures en produits de santé sont nombreuses. Dans ce sens, un plan d’urgence préétabli prévoit une organisation pluridisciplinaire où la pharmacie hospitalière joue un rôle déterminant. Objectives A pandemic is a health disaster that can lead to the disruption of hospital's health care activities. The objective of this work is the presentation of a health emergency plan model applicable to the hospital pharmacy in times of crisis, and the description of the Moroccan National Institute of Oncology's pharmacy experience in fighting COVID-19 pandemic. Method Establishment of a set of procedures for pharmaceutical organization as a part of a health emergency plan, the creation of a device whose endowment allows the rapid management of 25 simultaneous patient's health care, and a system for managing the risks of shortages. In addition, all the missions carried out by the pharmacy during the COVID-19 pandemic were presented and discussed. Results Three medical endowment lists of essential therapeutic products were created, with a total of 125 references. The terms of supplies are defined by a procedure for deploying health emergency plan's pharmacy. An interhospital pharmaceutical inventory monitoring system was also put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion In time of crisis, supply systems are severely disrupted and shortages in therapeutic products are common. An emergency plan is an organization of multidisciplinary actions to deal with a health disasters in which the hospital pharmacy plays a decisive role. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2224 | Interplay of All Drive Types | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2225 | Teacher beliefs, personal theories and conceptions of assessment literacy-a tertiary EFL perspective The purpose of this study was to pursue an enhanced understanding of teacher assessment literacy by investigating tertiary EFL practitioners’ assessment-related personal theories, conceptions and beliefs. The study was based on sociocultural theory as a theoretical framework and informed by interpretivism philosophical underpinnings. Twelve teachers from three tertiary educational institutions in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia participated in semi-structured interviews. The data were analysed employing a thematic analysis approach. The findings revealed diversity, complexity and uncertainty in teacher beliefs and personal theories related to various aspects of assessment and testing. The findings also provided deeper insights into the role of contextual and institutional dynamics that influence teachers’ assessment-related decision-making process. These findings have implications for teacher education and professional development programmes in terms of assessment policy, procedures and practice. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40468-022-00158-5. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2226 | 652 Using implementation science to understand teledermatology during the COVID-19 pandemic | J Invest Dermatol | 2021 | | CORD-19 |
| 2227 | 651 Moisturizer prevents skin barrier damage induced by prolonged face mask usage | J Invest Dermatol | 2021 | | CORD-19 |
| 2228 | 281 Racial and language disparities in teledermatology visits for acne during the COVID-19 pandemic | J Invest Dermatol | 2021 | | CORD-19 |
| 2229 | 177P COVID-19 pandemic impact in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients (BCP) at a third level hospital | Ann Oncol | 2021 | | CORD-19 |
| 2230 | 391 Public sunscreen dispensers and consumer sunscreen trends during the COVID-19 pandemic | J Invest Dermatol | 2021 | | CORD-19 |
| 2231 | Online self-evaluation: the EFL writing skills in focus Students need more independent roles to evaluate their learning performance, especially in the absence of teachers’ feedback due to some constraints such as technology and poor experience. This study investigates the potential of online self-evaluation on students’ writing skills in English as a foreign language (EFL). It examines the preparatory year (PY) level one students’ most improved EFL writing areas and perceptions when they use online self-evaluation in writing. In this quasi-experiment, two groups of PY EFL writing program students (N = 60) participated in the study for the first semester 2020–2021. A mixed-method design was applied: Self-monitoring checklists, self-evaluation questionnaires, achievement tests, and students’ portfolios. Findings revealed that most of the learners’ mistakes were in punctuation marks, capitalization, informal language, and subject-verb agreement. It was also perceived that learners were doing fine about where and how they should be. The study proved that the students’ self-evaluation and performance in writing correlated significantly; however, the effect size was low. Based on the research findings, it is recommended that training programs on strategy are to be boosted, especially in institutions where learners receive less feedback. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2232 | Public and private healthcare sectors during COVID-19: the main challenges in Lithuania The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has overwhelmed the Lithuanian healthcare system. In an attempt to meet its emergency situation and mitigate the new challenges, the Government reached out to the private sector, aiming to develop a sustainable cooperation approach in healthcare service provision. The article examines the potential implications for the healthcare system in Lithuania and adaptation paths. The preliminary overview refers to the assumption that the efforts to deliver sustainable service in the healthcare sector were uncoordinated and showed institutional vulnerability in both private and public sectors. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2233 | COVID-19 and the structural vulnerabilities in the Spanish health and long-term care systems The article analyses the impact of COVID-19 on health and long-term care systems, as well as institutional resilience by applying indicators of preparedness, agility and robustness. The study shows how the weakness of intergovernmental and cross-sectorial coordination instruments, and the particularities of the Spanish health and long-term care sectors, hindered the initial response to the challenges presented by the pandemic. However, after the first tragic wave of the disease, the intensification of cooperation mechanisms between health and social services authorities, as well as the free initiative of long-term care facility managers, corrected these initial errors and reversed the long-term care facilities’ extremely fragile situation. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2234 | Making a difference: the effects of institutional resilience in society during COVID-19 The COVID-19 crisis and countries’ reactions led to analyses about how governance systems influenced the management of the pandemic and how COVID-19 influenced businesses. The concept of institutional resilience transcends these directions of research, but we know little about what it means and how to measure it. This paper proposes an innovative framework to conceptualize and assess institutional resilience based on three organisational traits: preparedness, agility and robustness. This approach provides the opportunity to sequence actions before, during and after the pandemic. This framework will be applied through various cases studies in Europe in the contributions to this symposium. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1057/s41304-022-00380-y. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2235 | Building resilience in times of global crisis: the tourism sector in Croatia The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent global travel restrictions created an unprecedented crisis for the tourism industry. Considering that tourism generates about one fifth of the Croatian, the COVID-19 crisis posed a threat not only to companies in tourism, but also to the Croatian economy as a whole. This article examines the interplay of public and private institutions whose aim was to support resilience in tourism and prevent negative spill overs to other sectors. The regional Civil Protection Headquarters and a large hospitality company were analyzed as a part of the resilience assessments. Although both institutions have shown a high level of agility and resilience in their crisis management, this article outlines the deep societal interdependence between the public and private sector in times of global crisis. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2236 | Analyse der Kontaktzeiten in der Bundesliga während der SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie mittels Tracking Daten | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2237 | 2D MXenes for combatting COVID-19 Pandemic: A perspective on latest developments and innovations The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected the world, causing enormous loss of lives. A greater impact on the economy was also observed worldwide. During the pandemic, the antimicrobial aprons, face masks, sterilizers, sensor processed touch-free sanitizers, and highly effective diagnostic devices having greater sensitivity and selectivity helped to foster the healthcare facilities. Furthermore, the research and development sectors are tackling this emergency with the rapid invention of vaccines and medicines. In this regard, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are greatly explored to combat the extreme severity of the pandemic. Among the nanomaterials, the 2D MXene is a prospective element due to its unique properties like greater surface functionalization, enhanced conductivity, superior hydrophilicity, and excellent photocatalytic and/or photothermal properties. These unique properties of MXene can be utilized to fabricate face masks, PPE kits, face shields, and biomedical instruments like efficient biosensors having greater antiviral activities. MXenes can also cure comorbidities in COVID-19 patients and have high drug loading as well as controlled drug release capacity. Moreover, the remarkable biocompatibility of MXene adds a feather in its cap for diverse biomedical applications. This review briefly explains the different synthesis processes of 2D MXenes, their biocompatibility, cytotoxicity and antiviral features. In addition, this review also discusses the viral cycle of SARS-CoV-2 and its inactivation mechanism using MXene. Finally, various applications of MXene for combatting the COVID-19 pandemic and their future perspectives are discussed. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2238 | Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice about biomedical waste management among healthcare staff of Fasa educational hospitals in COVID-19 pandemic An efficient management of biomedical waste (BMW) is essential to maintaining health and preventing environmental threats during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the present research aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice about BMW among the healthcare staff of Fasa educational hospitals. The present cross-sectional study used an online questionnaire survey to collect data from 251 employees in Valiasr and Shariati hospitals in 2021. T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to test the relationships between and among the variables. Demographic findings showed that the men and women participated to an almost equal rate. Most participants were young and had less than 5 years' work experience. Their mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice were 38.8±6.1, 83.0±8.8, and 47.5±14.5, respectively. These values point to a satisfactory level of each variable in relation to BMW management. Pearson's correlation coefficient test showed a strong positive association between knowledge and practice (r = 0.725). The T-test results showed a statistically significant relationship among knowledge, attitude, and practice across demographic variables. These included gender, ward (COVID vs. Non-COVID), and workplace (p < 0.05). ANOVA results showed statistically significant divergences in knowledge, attitude, and practice across the demographic variables, including education, position, and employment type (p < 0.05). Considering the current deficiencies among employees in terms of BMW acronyms, lack of waste training courses, and inappropriate waste plans for COVID-19 waste management, BMW training courses should be held continuously and regularly, and the content of the programs should be updated according to the emergencies. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2239 | Concurrent catatonia and COVID-19 infection in a demented patient: A case report Catatonia is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that comprises motor, behavioral and autonomic abnormalities. It occurs in the context of general medical, neurological, and psychiatric conditions. The study of catatonia in the elderly is particularly challenging due to the higher somatic and cognitive comorbidity, polymedication and the higher prevalence of delirium. Catatonia remains underdiagnosed in this population, especially in those with dementia. We describe a case of an 82-years-old patient with mixed dementia, who developed catatonia for the first time, during her admission to our general medical ward due to SARS-CoV-2 organizing pneumonia. Besides the specific treatment for SARS-CoV-2 organizing pneumonia, catatonia was treated symptomatically with benzodiazepines and memantine with success. In general, catatonia in older patients tends to have a good prognosis if detected early, its cause treated, the symptoms managed, and complications avoided. We report this case to alert clinicians in medical wards to this condition, to improve its overall diagnosis and treatment rates. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2240 | Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in wastewater and river water samples There are only a few established methods to determine the concentration of encapsulated viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, in water matrices, limiting the application of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE)—an important tool for public health research. The present study compared four methods that are commonly used to concentrate non-encapsulated enteric viruses for determining SARS-CoV-2 concentration in wastewater and wastewater-enriched river water samples. The four methods tested were electronegative membrane with Mg+2 addition, aluminum hydroxide-based precipitation, polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 precipitation, and ultrafiltration (with porosity of 10 and 50 kDa). Prior to the concentration step, filtration or centrifugation was performed to remove suspended particles from the samples (pretreatment). To evaluate the recovery efficiency (%), samples of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal swabs obtained from RT-qPCR-positive patients were used as spiked samples. The second part of the analysis involved the quantification of the SARS-CoV-2 copy number in analytes without SARS-CoV-2-spiked samples. Among the tested methods, pretreatment via centrifugation followed by ultrafiltration with a 50-kDa cut-off was found the most efficient method for wastewater samples with spiked samples (54.3 or 113.01% efficiency). For the wastewater-enriched river samples with spiked samples, pretreatment via centrifugation followed by filtration using an electronegative membrane was the most efficient method (110.8% and 95.9% for N1 and N2 markers, respectively). However, ultrafiltration of the raw river water samples using 10 or 50 kDa cut-off filters and PEG 8000 precipitation showed the best concentration efficiency based on copy number, regardless of the pretreatment approach or sample type (values ranging from 3 × 105 to 6.7 × 103). The effectiveness of the concentration method can vary depending on the type of sample and concentration method. We consider that this study will contribute to more widespread use of WBE for the environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2241 | Disseminated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection in a child with IL-12Rbeta1 deficiency Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease describes a spectrum of inherited defects, of which complete deficiency of the interleukin-12 receptor β subunit 1 (IL-12Rβ1) is the most common cause. This condition results in a predisposition to severe disease caused by mycobacteria. We report a case of disseminated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis with extensive central nervous system affection with SARS-CoV-2 co-infection, in a 4-year-old child with IL-12Rβ1 complete deficiency. | Indian J Tuberc | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2242 | SARS-CoV-2 Dissemination Using a Network of the US Counties During 2020 and 2021, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission has been increasing among the world’s population at an alarming rate. Reducing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and other diseases that are spread in similar manners is paramount for public health officials as they seek to effectively manage resources and potential population control measures such as social distancing and quarantines. By analyzing the US county network structure, one can model and interdict potential higher infection areas. County officials can provide targeted information, preparedness training, and increase testing the researchers conclude that traditional the researchers conclude that traditional in these areas. While these approaches may provide adequate countermeasures for localized areas, they are inadequate for the holistic USA. We solve this problem by collecting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections and deaths from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and adjacency between all counties obtained from the United States Census Bureau. Generalized network autoregressive (GNAR) time series models have been proposed as an efficient learning algorithm for networked datasets. This work fuses network science and operations research techniques to univariately model COVID-19 cases, deaths, and current survivors across the US county network structure. | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2243 | Post covid primary cutaneous mucormycosis in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia induction-Case report | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2244 | Delivering pediatric oncology services during a COVID-19 pandemic in India: The E revolution | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2245 | SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in transfusion-dependent thalassemia | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2246 | The impact of COVID-19 in children post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Experience from a pediatric transplant unit in India | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2247 | Back with a vengeance: Viruses make their mark! | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2248 | SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with cancer: Experience from a tertiary care center in North India | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2249 | Deleterious impact of COVID-19 pandemic on delivery of care in children with cancer | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
| 2250 | Predictors of poor outcome in COVID-19 infection, in a cohort of pediatric cancer patients, during the second wave in India | N/A | 2022 | | CORD-19 |
