This version of BIP! Finder aims to ease the exploration of COVID-19-related literature by enabling ranking articles based on various impact metrics.
Last Update: 18 - 01 - 2023 (628506 entries)
Popularity: Citation-based measure reflecting the current impact.
Influence: Citation-based measure reflecting the total impact.
Reader Attention: The current number of Mendeley readers.
Social Media Attention: The number of recent tweets related to this article.
*More details on these impact measures can be found here.
Exceptional score (in top 0.01%).
Substantial score (in top 1%).
Average score (in bottom 99%).
Score not available.
CORD-19 dataset(1) (list of papers)
LitCovid hub(2) (list of papers)
PMC & PubMed (citations)
Mendeley (number of readers)
COVID-19-TweetIDs(3) (tweets)
| Title | Venue | Year | Impact | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5701 | Mortality Among COVID-19 Patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU): A Single-Centre Study from a Malaysian Perspective Purpose This study investigated the prevalence of mortality among COVID-19 patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) at a single centre hospital in Klang Valley, Selangor, Malaysia. Besides, adverse clinical events (ACE) among COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU who died and were alive were compared, and the factors associated with mortality were explored. Methods & Materials Patients admitted to a single centre ICU with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed of SARS-CoV-2 virus within February 2020-2021 were included in this study. Adverse clinical event (ACE) consists of the presence of pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), line-related thrombosis, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) during their ICU admission. A composite of ACE comprised ≥ 1 PE, DVT, line-related thrombosis, stroke, MI and PAD. Mortality is defined as COVID-19 patients who died during ICU admission throughout data collection. Results Mean (SD) age was 56.6 (13.7) with 63.5% male and 61.6% Malay. Median (IQR) 7 (3-14) days of ICU admission, 64.2%, 53.2 % and 20.9% had underlying hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, respectively. Out of 534 patients included in the study, 122 patients died, with 64.8% developed ≥ 1 ACE compared to 39.1% patients who survived the infection. Higher proportion of deceased patients developed PE (47.5% vs. 34%; p=0.006), MI (16.4% vs. 4.6%; p<0.001), stroke (12.3% vs. 1.5%; p<0.001) and DVT (2.5% vs. 0.2%; p=0.04) than those who survived. Significant predictors of mortality on multivariate logistic regression model include age [OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.03 – 1.07)], length of ICU stay [OR 1.05 (1.02 – 1.07), chronic kidney disease [OR 2.30 (1.32 – 4.01), and presence of ≥ 1 ACE [OR 2.32 (1.45 – 3.72)]. Conclusion The overall mortality of COVID-19 patients admitted to a single centre ICU is high (22.8%), with greater proportion of patients who developed ≥1 ACE. Key factors associated with the mortality were age, length of ICU stays, underlying chronic kidney disease and presence of ≥ 1 ACE. This finding might be helpful to the healthcare providers in the early detection and prevention of ACE associated with mortality among COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5702 | Beyond Diagnostics: The role of a RT-PCR laboratory in a pandemic Purpose The gold standard for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 is Real Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR (rRT-PCR). A combination of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs improves the sensitivity of detection of SARS-CoV-2 in samples. The first wave of COVID-19 impacted Chennai in May 2020 and lasted till October 2020. The second wave began in March 2021 and lasted till June 2021. The aim of this study is to compare and analyze the COVID-19 waves in 2020 and 2021 based on the data from a tertiary care centre in Chennai, India. Methods & Materials A total of 42,374 samples were tested by rRT-PCR (Rotor Gene-Q) between March 2020 and June 2021. RNA was extracted using Zybio nucleic acid extraction kit. The target regions of the RT-PCR kits (ViroQ SARS CoV2, Bag Diagnostics, Germany) were the E-gene and RdRp gene. Quality control is maintained by routine participation in the external quality assurance scheme (EQAS). Results In 2020, 22,905 samples were tested and 3,415 samples tested positive for COVID 19. During the first wave of COVID-19 between May-October 2020, 2989 samples tested positive for COVID 19. Between January and June 2021, 19,469 samples were tested and 2,320 samples were COVID-19 positive. A total of 2,155 samples were positive for COVID-19 in the second wave between March-June 2020. The duration of the first wave was longer with a smaller peak in incidence of COVID 19. The second wave in 2021 had a shorter duration with a more pronounced spike in COVID-19 cases in April 2021. Conclusion The number of COVID 19 positive cases are similar between the two waves of COVID 19. However, the first wave of COVID-19 took place over a period of nearly six months, while the second wave occurred over three to four months. There is a noticeable surge in COVID-19 incidence observed in April-May 2021. This could indicate the increased infectivity of the virus as observed with the cases doubling rapidly during this time. Documenting the characteristics of the wave in terms of its rapidity of onset of disease and peaks in incidence would offer insight into the progression of COVID-19. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5703 | Assessing the Shift in Reasoning for COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States Using a Six-Month Cross-Sectional Analysis from December 2020 to June 2021 Purpose Vaccine hesitancy's increasing prevalence in the U.S. is hindering COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Understanding why individuals are vaccine hesitant can establish paths to increase vaccinations. As the COVID-19 vaccine landscape develops, reasons for hesitancy have likely shifted over time. Methods & Materials We gathered 757,618 responses between December 6, 2020, and June 13, 2021, from a validated web survey administered by OutbreaksNearMe.org on Momentive.ai. From December 6 to January 11, individuals self-reported on willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, and starting January 12, their COVID-19 vaccination status. Those who indicated being unsure or not planning to get vaccinated were prompted to report their reasoning (non-exclusive.) Proportions of reasoning were calculated as the number indicating that reason over the total question responses. Proportions were compared across time intervals with significant vaccine, pandemic guideline, and political occurrences. Results 47.1% of the study population are vaccinated, 11.5% are unsure about vaccination, and 11.9% have no plans to get vaccinated. Prior to vaccine approval, 47.2% indicated enough hesitancy to delay vaccination, and 10.8% indicated not wanting any potential COVID-19 vaccine. Overall, the top reported hesitancy reasons were ‘The vaccine being too new/not enough data’ (60.8%) and ‘Concerns about side effects’ (60.0%). ‘Lack of trust in government’ and ‘Lack of trust in scientists’ were less prevalent initially (28.1% and 11.0%), but have been increasing since January 2021, reaching 50.2% and 40.2% in June. ‘COVID-19 being an exaggerated threat’ also follows this trend, starting at 8.7% and reaching 31.6%. ‘Already had COVID-19’ and ‘Never get any vaccine’ are also increasing in prevalence across time, at a slower rate. Different hesitancy reasons have steeper increases throughout the study period corresponding to certain events like new guidelines for vaccinated persons. Conclusion Concerns surrounding side effects and the vaccines’ newness were consistently the top reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy across the study population. Higher prevalence of lack of trust in government, science, and COVID-19 being exaggerated reasoning have been observed over time. Hesitancy reasoning seems somewhat influenced by significant events, however, those still not getting vaccinated have different reasoning for their hesitancy than was observed earlier in the pandemic. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5704 | Microflora in patients with community-acquired pneumonia and hospital environment in Blagoveshchensk during pandemic Purpose An increase of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) incidence has been detected during COVID-19 pandemic. Aim: to conduct analysis of bacterial microflora isolated from patients suffering from CAP and hospital environment in hospitals. Methods & Materials Bacteriological survey of sputum obtained from 210 hospitalized patients with CAP was conducted from December 2020 - March 2021 in the Blagoveshchensk city. A simultaneous sanitary-bacteriological control of hospital environment was performed (210 environment samples and 24 air samples). The research was conducted during 12 weeks (6 cycles, one cycle lasted two weeks). Bacteriological assessment was performed via classical method. Identification of isolated pathogens and evaluation of drug-resistant strains were performed with bacteriological analyzer “Multiscan”. Results Examination of sputum that was obtained from 151 patients with CAP revealed 43 isolates and 8 bacterial species in 32 patients (21.2%). Candida spp. fungi (51.16±7.62%) and Gramm-positive microflora without drug-resistant strains (39.53±7.46%) were prevailing in the structure of detected isolates Gramm-negative enterobacteria were presented by one species of Klebsiella pneumoniae with multiple drug-resistance – ESBL (4.65±3.21%) and non-fermenting Gramm-negative bacteria – one species of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.33±2.30%). Evaluation of 210 environmental samples showed bacterial microflora in 49 samples (23.3% cases) that was comparable to frequency detection of bacterial pathogens from patients (21.2%). Microflora identified from environment was presented by 12 pathogenic species including Gramm-positive microflora (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. hominis, E.faecalis, E. Faecium) – 55.0%, Gramm-negative enterobacteria (K. pneumoniae, E. coli, E.agglomerans, E. cloacae, C. freundii) – 38.8%, non-fermenting Gramm-negative bacteria (A. baumannii, A. lwoffii) – 6.1%. Should be noted that during first three cycles bacterial contamination was detected in 19 out of 90 samples (21.1%) including 3 cases with multiple drug-resistance (3.3%). During following three cycles, bacterial contamination was revealed in 25.0% of samples (30 out of 120 samples) including 13 samples that had multiple drug-resistant bacteria (10.8%). Evaluation of 24 air samples showed no evidence of microbial contamination. Conclusion Dynamic surveillance revealed wide circulation of bacterial pathogens in the hospital as well as build up of epidemiologically significant pathogen strains in hospital environment during observation period. These findings indicate considerable risk of nosocomial infections formation among patients. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5705 | SARS-CoV-2 variants detection using TaqMan SARS-CoV-2 mutation panel molecular (genotyping) assays Purpose For rapid detection and tracking of SARS-CoV-2, alternative method for screening in few hours is highly desirable. Here, we evaluated performance characteristics of TaqMan SARS-CoV-2 mutation panel genotyping molecular assay for detection of most common published SARS-CoV-2 variants using specific RT-PCR assays targeting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Methods & Materials A total of 150 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples from March to July were included for this study. In addition, five controls comprised of synthetic RNA B.1.1.7_601443, B.1.351_678597, B.1.351_678597, P.1_792683, B.1.617.1_1662307 and MN908947.3-Wuhan-hu-1 from Twist bioscience and B.1.1.7 (England/204820464/2020) and B.1.351 (South Africa/KRISP-K005325/2020) from (Zeptometrix, NY, USA) were used for validation. RNA from all specimens were extracted using Omega Bio-Tek Mag-Bind Viral RNA Xpress Extraction Kit and tested for known SARS-CoV2 variants using ThermoFisher TaqMan SARS-CoV-2 mutation panel molecular assay on the Quant Studio 12K Flex. Nine representative samples have been compared with sequencing. Data were analyzed by genotype calling using QuantStudioTM design and analysis software v2.5 with the genotyping analysis module. Results All validation controls were tested in triplicate and repeated in singlet on three different days and all reported variants were matching as expected. Out of 150 SARS-CoV-2 positive specimens, 69 (46%) were B.1.617.2, 49 (32.7%) were B.1.1.7, P.1 and P.2 were 4 (2.7%) each and B.1.351 and B.1.427/B.1429 were 2 (1.3%) each. 3 (2%) were B.1.526, and 17 (11.3%) have mutation in D614G. Genotyping results from present study showing B.1.617.2, B.1.1.7 and B.1.526 variants and their mutation genes were concordance with sequencing results. Conclusion Our study indicates that TaqMan SARS-CoV-2 mutation panel molecular (genotyping) assays detects and differentiate all published common variants B.1.617.2 (Delta), B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.526 (Iota), B.1.351 (Beta), P.1 (Gamma), B.1.617.1 (Kappa) and B.1.427/ B.1.429 (Epsilon) that can be used for surveillance and epidemic control and prevention. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5706 | Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in Healthcare Personnel in Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang Indonesia Purpose Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) had been infecting the world including healthcare personnel (HCP), but many survivors still experienced symptoms although had recovered with negative PCR results. This study aimed to identify post-COVID-19 syndrome among HCP in our hospital. Methods & Materials We conducted a cross-sectional study, asking HCP, surviving COVID-19 from April 2020 until February 2021, confirmed by twice negative PCR SARS CoV-2, and still working at the hospital at the time the research was conducted, to fill in an online questionnaire asking questions about symptoms related to post COVID-19 syndrome. Results Total study participants who completed the questionnaire were 164, 106 (65%) of them were women, consisted of 21 (13%) specialists, 52 (32%) residents, and 91 (55%) nurses. The average age was 37 (26 – 69) years old. When they experienced COVID-19, 60 (37%) participants were in asymptomatic, 76 (46%) mild, 26 (16%) moderate, and 2 (1%) severe-critical condition. Among participants, 78 (48%) still had symptoms by the time the survey was conducted, 61 (78.2%) were women, and these symptoms were still experienced in 41 (53%) survivors who had recovered more than 3 months. Fatigue was the most common symptom reported (55, 71%), followed by cough (15, 19%), joint pain (12, 15%), headache (10, 13%), muscle pain (9, 12%), breathing difficulty (7,9%), anosmia (5, 6%), bitter tongue (4, 5%). Conclusion Post-COVID-19 syndrome was quite common in HCP and this might cause the inability to work, treat, and care for patients optimally. Particular attention should be paid to this condition. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5707 | Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Among Blood Donors in Malaysia During the Pre-Vaccination Period Purpose We aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus among blood donors in Klang Valley; a cohort that represent healthy individuals in a city which recorded a high number of COVID-19 infections in the country. Methods & Materials A total of 806 blood donors at the National Blood Centre were recruited between February to March 2021 during the third wave of the pandemic in Malaysia, a period just prior to the national COVID-19 vaccination programme began. 5 ml of blood were collected from each donor and the serum was subjected to qualitative determination of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus using two tests. The first test detected total antibodies against SARS CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) [Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), Roche Diagnostics] while the second test detected the total antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) [WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 Antibody (Enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA), China]. The tests were performed according to the manufacturer guidelines. The sera which produced positive results from both screening tests were then subjected to quantitative determination of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 RBD [Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S (ECLIA), Roche Diagnostics] Results Out of 806 sera collected from the blood donors, qualitative screening of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus showed 37 samples (4.59%) were positive for total antibodies against RBD, while 25 (3.10%) were positive against N proteins. 28 samples (3.47%) were tested positive by the quantitative determination of the antibodies. Conclusion Our study revealed similar seroprevalence rate found in an identical study conducted in Los Angeles whereby 4.06% out of 865 collected sera were positive. While the blood donor population may not represent the Malaysian population in general, the finding of the seroprevalence in this group could indicate the rate of people infected with this virus is far more than reported and could aid public health decision making. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5708 | Tuberculosis and COVID-19: An epidemic submerged in the pandemic: A case series from Eastern India Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 has spread globally causing over eighteen million positive cases and about half-a-million deaths. During the ongoing pandemic, TB diagnosis might be missed or delayed due to similar clinical presentation. While TB-COVID 19 co-infection is uncommon and might be purely incidental; a higher mortality of 12.3% in cases of co-infections is alarming especially in patients with co-morbidities. With resources being diverted towards COVID and fear of handling sputum, TB control has spiralled to what it was a decade ago. Here we are reporting a case series of SARS-CoV– TB co-infection from Eastern India. Methods & Materials Nasal swab was collected for the diagnosis of COVID -19 and RT-PCR done for the suspected cases. Sputum/ pleural tissue samples were collected from hospitalised suspected patients who did not improve clinically or developed atypical radiological picture and were subjected to staining, Xpert MTB/Rif assay (CBNAAT). Samples that were positive for acid fast bacilli (AFB) and MTB DNA by CBNAAT were considered as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Results There were four cases of SARS-CoV 2–TB co-infection from our hospital. Two patients presented with COVID-19 before the diagnosis of TB, one with both infections occurring in same week, and one patient with TB followed by COVID-19. Conclusion We screened the admitted patients who didn't improve clinically and having atypical radiographic pictures. As both the diseases have respiratory symptoms predominantly, but TB takes longer time to develop we might have missed many patients with tuberculosis. It is important to screen patients of TB for COVID 19 and not to miss the possibility of coexistence of both diseases, especially in high-risk individuals. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5709 | Early phase of COVID-19 epidemic in Albania Purpose The index case of COVID-19 was diagnosed on March 8th with symptoms onset identified on March 6th, with a travel history within Italy. During the first month the number of identified imported cases was 25. The first 291 laboratory-confirmed cases of the COVID -19 outbreak are used to characterize the epidemiological pattern and estimate the epidemiological parameters such as serial interval, basic and effective reproduction numbers and to evaluate the effectiveness of first timely disease spread containment measures. Methods & Materials Epidemiological data were collected through case-based disease COVID -19 surveillance, outbreak investigation and contact tracing data for every confirmed case comprising information on demographics, travel history, date of symptom onset, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, hospitalization, and contacts details. Estimates of the reproduction number and serial interval were performed in R statistical software using R packages developed by the R Epidemics Consortium. Results Public health authorities were able to identify and trace an average of 10 close contacts per for every positive case. The number of transmission events reported per infector ranges from 1 to 16, with 30% having two secondary cases per infector. The median value of every positive case was with 2 secondary infected cases (mean 3.3, standard deviation 3.2). Based on 43 pairs of primary infectors and secondary cases the mean serial interval was estimated 4.8 days (standard deviation 3.9). The basic reproduction number has been estimated at 2.19 (95% CI 1.6 to 2.8), while effective reproduction number showed a decreasing trend by the second week and reaching a plateau around the critical value during the first month. The social distance measures such as were implemented March 12 going to a total lockdown on March 15 with all travels suspended. Conclusion Following the detection of the first COVID -19 case, Albania acted swiftly to implement immediate social distancing and lockdown measures. Such drastic measures had a huge effect on COVID-19 control in the beginning. However, the trend of effective reproduction numbers show a plateau for almost the last two weeks of the month with no signs of further decline. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5710 | Surveillance of Immunological Status after Vaccination by two Serological Assays based on SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Purpose Two serological assays, an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and a Lateral Flow Assay (LFA), have been developed based on the SARS-CoV-2 recombinant Receptor Binding Domain (RBD-ELISA) and the combination of Trimeric Spike (S) and Nucleoprotein (N), S-LFA and N-LFA, respectively, as candidate tools for both indirect measurement of virus circulation and assessment of infection and vaccine-induced immunity. Methods & Materials A total of 1272 human serum samples collected from volunteers (SARS-CoV-2 infected, non-infected or vaccinated) were evaluated by the two assays. For the RBD-ELISA, plates were coated with RBD, sera were added at 1/5 dilution and bound antibodies were detected with RBD labelled with Horseradish Peroxidase. For the LFA, two parallel strips were used: one for detection of N-specific antibodies (Hoste A. el al, 2020); and another one for detection of S-specific antibodies, using S both as capture and detector reagent. Twenty microliters of blood or ten microliters of serum were applied to each cassette and results were interpreted after ten minutes. A seroneutralization assay was used as reference for the detection of neutralizing antibodies with RBD-ELISA and Reference sera (World Health Organization), for determination of the Limit of detection (LoD). MedCalc® 10 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The potential diagnostic application with sera from naturally infected and non-infected volunteers showed sensitivity, specificity and agreement (kappa) values of 95.1%, 99.0% and 0.94 respectively for RBD-ELISA; while 97.2%, 99.3% and 0.967 respectively for N-LFA; or 93.2% 98.3 %, 0.923, respectively for S-LFA. Serum samples from vaccinated individuals were analyzed for the specific detection of antibodies to the S protein: for vaccinated but non-infected individuals, sensitivity reached 97.3% after 15 days post-second vaccination dose whereas for previously infected people reached 100% after only 15 days post-first dose. The performance of RBD-ELISA showed good agreement with seroneutralization and excellent agreement with S-LFA (kappa 0.979). Conclusion The dual N/S LFA represents a valuable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection due to its complementary information on N and S-specific antibody response. Furthermore, the S-LFA and RBD-ELISA are both proven to be able to determine the extent of antibody response after vaccination. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5711 | Case series of acute kidney injury in children with SARS-CoV-2 associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome Purpose In the first part of 2021 in Khimki regional hospital was eight-times increase of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in children vs 2020. There are some data on association of HUS and COVID-19 in the literature. Our aim to describe case series of HUS in children with SARS-Cov2 associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). Methods & Materials We developed 8 children, age 1-11 yrs. (Me 4,5), 3M/5F. All had anemia (Hb 58 - 105, Me 83,8 g/l), thrombocytopenia (45 -136, Me 84*109/l) and kidney injury (azotemia, diuresis decrease, reduced GFR). Results In anamnesis nobody had COVID-19, SARS-Cov2 RNA (oropharyngeal swab) was negative. 6 had anti-SARS-Cov2 IgG. 3 patients had antibody inversion during hospitalization. That means, they developed acute kidney injury (AKI) in early convalescence period of COVID-19. 6 children had fever, vomiting and diarrhea in anamnesis. 1 had only myalgia, 1 had transient hemorrhagic rush. All children had SIRS: ESR acceleration (15-43 mm/h), CRP increase in 6 cases (not more 5 norms), elevated ferritin (307-648 mkg/l) and D-dimer (3,24-8 mkg/ml). Mixed urinary syndrome was noted: proteinuria (0,1 - 6 g/l), hematuria (RBC 6-50). 100% had azotemia: urea (12,7-65,3, Me 35 mmol/l), creatinine (74-1450,2, Me 499 mkmol/l). GFR by Schwartz formula was reduced in all cases (1,7-58,1 ml/min/1,73 m2). 3 had anuria, 2 oliguria. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) performed in 5 cases: 3 hemodiafiltration (HDF) only; 2 - HDF + plasma exchange (1 - 7 procedures). All children were complex treated and discharged with normal clinical urine test and creatinine level, diuresis 1,6-2,4 ml/kg/h. Conclusion In MIS-C pathogenesis thrombotic microangiopathia is one of the key points. We saw elevation of HUS in children in the COVID-19-pandemia period. 6 from 8 described cases had connection of AKI with previous COVID-19. In addition, they all had SIRS markers, corresponding diagnostic criteria of SARS-Cov2 associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5712 | High Yield Pedagogy and FOAM as Dynamic Drivers of Building Human Capital and Successful Pandemic Rapid Responses in a Low Middle Income Country Purpose We hypothesized that utilizing a High Yield Pedagogy Model of our own design would result in a successful self-sufficient pandemic response capacity in a Resource Limited Environment by promoting rapid upscaling of skilled clinician-educators and complex knowledge translation into clinical practice. Methods & Materials In response to the eruption of SARS-CoV2 in Guyana, which resulted in a surge of patients combined with a paucity of trained Critical-Care Medicine / Pulmonology Providers, we developed a blended learning Mechanical Ventilation course to rapidly upscale Human Capital and Critical-Care Medicine capacity. Our course primarily utilizes U.S. Special Operations Medicine Force Multiplier Train the Trainer strategies combined with a dynamic flipped classroom High Yield Pedagogy approach based in cognitive neuroscience to optimize rapid knowledge acquisition, retention and translation into clinical practice. We incorporated two on-line Free Open Access Meducation (FOAM) resources (one purely didactic and the other a ventilator simulator), several novel self-study clinical scenarios that dynamically progressed in tandem with assigned learning, and we culminated with an in person clinician-student driven intensive scenario based training (SBT) exercise in which each student was not only required to present a variety of complex cases, but also to effectively conduct training in an environment emphasizing Psychological Safety, Dynamic Process Improvement and a continuum of 360 degree feedback mechanisms. Results Our High Yield Pedagogy model rapidly and successfully produced a sustainable and self-sufficient Critical-Care Medicine Capacity. We were able to provide comprehensive just in time, turnkey SARS-CoV2 Mechanical Ventilation didactic and clinical training for Guyana's Ministry of Health, which in turn allowed them to dynamically pivot, rapidly upscale human capital, and successfully manage their initial surge of COVID-19 patients. Conclusion High Yield Pedagogy with a focus on sustainable self-sufficiency utilizing a flipped classroom, FOAM, and Psychological Safety is an effective mechanism to promote rapid knowledge translation and upscaling to increase critical-care capacity and optimize complex clinical outcomes under pandemic surge conditions in Low Middle Income Countries and severely Resource Limited Environments. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5713 | Accelerating COVID-19 Contact Tracing Capacity through Multi-Sectoral Collaboration Training in Indonesia Purpose Contact tracing is a pivotal component for containing an outbreak to stop the spread of COVID-19. As the 4th most populous country in the world, contact tracing in Indonesia is resource intensive. There was an insufficient human resources to undertake the reporting task with surveillance staff already overburdened with sample and data collection. Participation of various stakeholders is critical in providing an effective capacity surge in tracing. This paper describes how multi-sectoral collaboration training can contribute to accelerate contact tracing capacity in Indonesia. Methods & Materials A series of contact tracing training program in Indonesia was held through the various stakeholder collaboration, including the Ministry of Health, COVID-19 National Task Force, Ministry of Education and Culture, Universities, and international partners. Not only primary healthcare officers, the training engaged community volunteers, young professional, and university students to enable them performing COVID-19 contact tracing and data management across Indonesia. Descriptive statistics and paired t-test analysis were taken to measure the effectiveness of the pre- and post-test training, and evaluation questionnaires to improve participants’ knowledge. Results A total of 2,513 community volunteers and young professional from 10 provinces and 2,005 university students from 268 universities across Indonesia have been trained from January - July 2021. 4 batches of trainings have produced 64 data managers in all 34 provinces. At the beginning of the training, only 33% of participants reached satisfactory score. Post-training scores increased significantly to 66% participants reached satisfactory score with p-value = 0.000 (CI: 95%). 82% participants rated the effectiveness of training as good, and 90% stated that the training responded to their needs. The training has successfully increased the number of tracers in Indonesia as and improved the national tracing data collection. Surveillance data showed that from January to July 2021, the national tracing data has increased from 261,482 to 785.711 COVID-19 close contact traced. Conclusion Multi-sectoral participation and collaborative contact tracing training has helped the Government of Indonesia to increase human resource numbers and capacity in providing an effective capacity surge of tracing for the country. This will enable to support COVID-19 mitigation and intervention program and policy. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5714 | SARS-CoV-2 in pets of infected family groups in a severely affected region in Spain Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented health crisis with devastating effects. Current evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 could have an animal origin. Many uncertainties about the behaviour of the virus still persist, and understanding all the keys of this epidemic requires an interdisciplinary One Health approach spanning the human and animal health sectors. The closest coexistence between people and animals occurs in large cities. This study aims to identify the epidemiology (infection rate, risk habits, etc...) and evolution of the disease in pets that have coexisted during the confinement with family groups affected by the disease in areas of high population density and high disease incidence, i.e. Madrid. Methods & Materials A network of veterinary clinics was created to provide sampling points for the pets. The family groups included both health workers from the collaborating hospitals and affected pet owners informed through the network of clinics. Results Epidemiological and clinical data were collected from 60 family groups and their pets. An epidemiological questionnaire and sample collection (oral and nasal swabs, faeces and blood) were carried out on each pet. The samples were analyzed by RRT-PCR and ELISA. Of the 55 pets analysed (17 cats and 38 dogs), 5 cats presented antibodies. This seroprevalence is in agreement with that shown by Patterson et al, 2020 in cats in Italy in highly affected areas. Conclusion This study intends to extend the knowledge of the epidemiology and evolution of the disease in pets. This work was funded by a national project SANICOVID and international project JIP06-COVID19-COVRIN H2020. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5715 | Epidemiological Surveillance of COVID-19, in the Province of Callao in Peru, from March 2020 to June 2021 Purpose Epidemiological surveillance of novel Coronavirus SARS CoV-2 in the Constitutional Province of Callao in Perú. Methods & Materials We used the data collection about the notifications of cases of COVID-19. The database was uploaded from the application of the national notification system (Notiweb). We analyzed the information from 13th March in 2020 to 27th June in 2021. Concerning deaths, the names and dates also corroborated by the death notification system (Sinadef). Results The first notified confirmed case in the region was a female patient on 13th March in 2020. We have 154 977 notifications cases as accumulated total; 97 381 confirmed cases (with laboratory analyzes that confirm infection), 43 970 suspected cases (compatible symptoms of COVID-19), 12 646 discarded cases and 984 compatible cases (suspected case more epidemiological criteria or suspected case more radiological criteria). The districts with more cases are Callao and Ventanilla. The group of age more affected was an adult (30-59 years old) with 43 702 cases (54.60%). The primary care is provided by three “Redes de Salud”, the Red de Salud Ventanilla report 17 421 confirmed cases of COVID-19, Red de Bonilla 13 706 confirmed cases and Red de Salud BEPECA 10 786 confirmed cases. The hospitals, private clinics and others notification centres report the rest of the cases. From 9290 deaths as confirmed cases, the majority occur at the big hospitals; 6948 deaths occur at Essalud Hospitals, 1175 deaths at National Hospitals, 977 deaths at the Navy Army hospital, 45 deaths at private clinics. The rest outside third-level establishments; 92 deaths on their residence place, 45 on temporary isolation services, 06 on public roads and 02 on primary care's centres. Conclusion The province of Callao is a remarkable region in Peru because it has two points of entry to the country, the International Airport “Jorge Chavez” and the international seaport “Terminal Portuario del Callao”, and also have 01 prisons. The curve of the total number of reported cases of COVID-19 shows two waves; this second wave is currently decreasing, with 9290 deaths over 97 381 confirmed cases, we have a Lethality rate of 9.54% | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5716 | Prolonged shedding of SARS-CoV-2 at high viral load amongst hospitalised immunocompromised persons living with HIV in South Africa Purpose There is limited information on SARS-CoV-2 shedding duration amongst persons living with HIV (PLWH). We hypothesised that PLWH shed SARS-CoV-2 for longer periods and at higher viral load than HIV-uninfected persons. Methods & Materials From May through December 2020, we conducted a prospective cohort study at 17 hospitals in South Africa. Patients aged >18 years hospitalised with symptomatic COVID-19 were enrolled and followed up every two days with nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) swabs until cessation of SARS-CoV-2 shedding (two consecutive negative NP/OP swabs). Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing for SARS-CoV-2 was performed and Cycle-threshold (Ct) values <30 were considered a proxy for high SARS-CoV-2 viral load. Accelerated time-failure Weibull regression models were used to assess factors associated with prolonged shedding. Results Of 2,175 COVID-19 patients screened, 300 were enrolled and 258 individuals (156 HIV-uninfected and 102 PLWH) had >1 swabbing visit (median visits 5 (range 2-21)). Median time to cessation of shedding was 13 days (inter-quartile range (IQR) 6-25) and did not differ by HIV status. Among PLWH, when adjusting for CD4 count and obesity, those not currently taking antiretroviral therapy were more likely to have prolonged SARS-CoV-2 shedding (median 13 days (IQR 6-37) vs 10 days (IQR 4-22) on antiretroviral therapy, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.002-0.38, p=0.007). Amongst a subset of 94 patients with initial respiratory sample Ct values <30, median time of shedding at a high SARS-CoV-2 viral load was 8 days (IQR 4-17). Adjusting for age and glucocorticoid use, PLWH with a CD4 cell count<200 cells/µl shed at high SARS-CoV-2 viral loads for longer (median 27 days, IQR 8-43, aHR 0.14, 95% CI 0.07-0.28, p<0.001), whereas PLWH with CD4 cell count>200 cells/μl shed at high SARS-CoV-2 viral loads for a similar time period (median 7 days, IQR 4-10, aHR 1.14, 95% CI 0.56-2.31, p=0.713), compared to HIV-uninfected persons (median 7 days, IQR 4-13). Conclusion PLWH not on treatment or with CD4 cell count<200 shed SARS-CoV-2 for a longer duration and at a higher SARS-CoV-2 viral load than HIV-uninfected persons. Better HIV control may facilitate quicker clearance of SARS-CoV-2. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5717 | Assessing the epidemiological and economic impact of alternative vaccination strategies: a modeling study Purpose Given limited supplies of vaccines, having information on the costs, and associated health and economic impacts, is important for the development of optimal vaccination strategies. This study explores the epidemiological and economic impact, in terms of the value of lost production, of four vaccination strategies – fixed-dose interval (M1), prioritization of the first dose (M2), screen and forego vaccine for those with COVID-19 infection history (M3), and prioritization of the first dose along with screen and forego vaccine for those with COVID-19 infection history(M4), under constraints limiting the daily vaccine supply. Methods & Materials Using mathematical and statistical modelling, we quantified the number quarantined, hospitalization days, vaccine doses saved, and deaths averted, and production losses, for each strategy, in comparison to M1. The model parameters and initial conditions were based on Canadian data, and the simulation ran over 365 days starting from June 1, 2021. Sensitivity analyses explored how each strategy changes with different conditions of daily vaccine supply, the initial proportion recovered from COVID-19 infection, and initial coverage of the first dose. Results Strategy M2 results in a reduction of 67,130,775 doses of vaccine administered, 20 lives saved, and a reduction of $3.8 billion of lost production in comparison to M1. M3 does not save any vaccine dose administered, but results in 5 lives saved, and a reduction of $575,149 in lost production in comparison to strategy M1. Due to the large proportion of the Canadian population who have already received a first vaccine dose, no screening actually occurs under scenario M3 and the daily vaccine supply was used entirely to provide second doses. While M2 is the dominant strategy under the current Canadian setting, sensitivity analyses revealed that M3 dominates when the vaccine supply increased or when the initial recovered proportion from COVID-19 was large enough. Conclusion The findings quantify the potential benefits of alternative vaccination strategies that can save lives and costs. Our study findings can help policymakers identify the optimal COVID-19 vaccination strategy and our study framework can be adapted to other settings. | Int J Infect Dis | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5718 | Pollution Abatement Strategy and the Dichotomy of "Green" Versus "Non-green" Products: A New Analytical Insight This paper shows how a strategy of reducing greenhouse gas emissions combined with economic cycles can lead to particular consumption behaviours. We are assuming the existence of an “economic” demand for “non-green” goods and a “social” demand for “green” goods. We are also assuming the existence of a dispersion of household characteristics organised around an average profile in each class. In times of sustained economic recession, incomes of individual agents fall. Therefore, the budgetary constraint becomes stronger, and falling incomes will have a negative impact on the demand for “green” goods. Consumers with higher incomes will reduce their demand for “green” goods, creating pressure on prices and quantities. As consumers abandon the “green” goods market, they will switch to the “non-green” goods market, especially as prices are lower there, which will stimulate demand and create a new upward pressure on the demand for “non-green” goods. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5719 | Metamorphosen-(un-)gewisse Gedanken zur Geschlechtsidentität This work examines the irritating awareness of the culturally conditioned attachment of one’s own perceptions of gender difference and identity. The article addresses the uncertainties both personal and also theoretical, when we consider gender not only as biologically natural as in Freud but also as socially, culturally and historically constructed. These irritations and (un)certainties in gender, which masquerade as certainties, become apparent in a psychoanalytic treatment of a trans man and become active in the analyst’s countertransference. Being able to hold gender irritations and (un)certainties within oneself is seen as an equally important task as avoiding a slide into pathologization and standardization of the gender in the thinking of the treating psychoanalyst and in psychoanalytic discourse. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5720 | Measuring the fire in their hearts: assessing passion for the profession among students pursuing surgical careers BACKGROUND: Leaders in surgery have posited that passion for the surgery profession is diminishing among entering trainees, and that its scarcity is related to the high levels of attrition observed in general surgery training. This study explores trends in passion for the profession among applicants to general surgery training. METHODS: Applicants to a large midwestern academic general surgery program were invited to complete a voluntary, anonymous 12-item Passion for Surgery Index (PSI) as part of their supplementary application package during the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 residency selection seasons. The PSI is adapted from a generic work-related passion index and is based on the dualistic model of passion, organizing scores into harmonious passion and consuming passion. Applicants completed the index on a stand-alone website which automatically generated results pertaining to overall passion, harmonious passion, and consuming passion for the surgery profession. Applicants were provided with their results and provided feedback. RESULTS: Sixty-one percent (871/1428) of invited applicants completed the PSI. Approximately 67.4% (N = 587) of these applicants reported an overall high level of passion for surgery, while 31.1% (N = 271) reported a moderate level and the remaining 1.5% (N = 13) reported a low level. When comparing the two different types of passion, the vast majority of applicants (92.8%; N = 808) reported a high level of harmonious passion and only 7.1% (N = 62) reported a moderate level of harmonious passion. The results for consuming passion were much more varied, with 36.9% (N = 321) reporting a high level, 47.5% (N = 414) reporting a moderate level, and 15.6% (N = 136) reporting a low level of consuming passion for the profession. DISCUSSION: These results suggest that there is substantial variation in passion for the profession among those pursuing a career in surgery. While the majority of applicants reported a high level of harmonious passion for surgery, less than half of applicants reported a high level of consuming passion for surgery. This variability in consuming passion among entering trainees is concerning, as individuals with low or only moderate passion for the profession may not have the motivation or drive to persist in demanding training environments. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5721 | Emotion, Well-Being and Resilience-Theoretical Perspectives and Practical Applications: Editors Dr. Rabindra Kumar Pradhan & Dr. Updesh Kumar, Publisher: Apple Academic Press, 2021. Pages: 532, ISBN (hardcover): 9781771888905, ISBN (eBook): 9781003057802 Resources are required to minimize the daily threats in life; thus, discussions about the role of emotions, well-being, and resilience become imperative for human survival. The book reviewed here attempts to highlight the associations among human well-being, emotions, and resilience. The book showcases resilience as a conceptually and empirically robust construct useful for research and practice, and takes a comprehensive endeavour to provide the importance of resilience in various contexts by presenting suitable empirical evidences and applications. The book is deeply rooted in positive psychology and would be meaningful for scholars, leaders of organizations, and health professionals working in the areas of counselling, well-being, and community development. | Psychol Stud (Mysore) | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5722 | How you can get involved in community projects to improve access to dental care and meet the needs of your local population | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5723 | Nach 1 Jahr Deutsche Hirnstiftung: erste Meilensteine erreicht | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5724 | A day in the life of… a Dental Officer | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5725 | Mitteilungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5726 | Nanotechnology for making a paradigm shift in COVID-19 vaccine | N/A | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 5727 | Collaborating in response to COVID-19: editorial and methods initiatives across Cochrane With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, health decision-makers needed trustworthy evidence to help answer many questions, and they needed it quickly. During 2020, the Cochrane community worked with partners to find ways to respond to this situation and meet the needs of evidence users. This Supplement to the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews collects initiatives involving Cochrane groups, in the form of short reports. The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF. | Cochrane Database Syst Rev | 2020 | CORD-19 | |
| 5728 | Ecosystem Health and Risk Assessments for High Conservation Value Mountain Ecosystems of South Asia: A Necessity to Guide Conservation Policies Mountain ecosystems across South Asia are facing huge pressure and are threatened by different drivers of loss. Red List of Ecosystems, to assess risks and ecosystem health, offers an exciting prospect to address complex challenges faced by ecosystems. This opinion is an outcome of the brainstorming organized to mark the International Mountain Day in December 2020, followed by further discussions among key stakeholders for initiating the Red List of Ecosystem (RLE) assessment in the region. As an initial endeavor, we have explored the evidence available to be integrated with the basic RLE requirements to undertake the ecosystem health assessment for mountain ecosystems in South Asia. We argue that the existing data gaps and insufficient understanding of the RLE process are a key-barriers to initiating ecosystem health assessment for supporting and contributing to knowledge-based conservation, governance, livelihood, land use, and macroeconomic planning. The RLE-based planning should be expanded and implemented for diverse ecosystems by enhancing transboundary cooperation, research collaboration, co-production of knowledge, and involving local communities. This opinion paper is an effort to facilitate, encourage and enhance discussions among wider stakeholders for developing a multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary network of experts in the region for undertaking large scale RLE assessment for different mountain ecosystems that are threatened by an array of drivers of biodiversity and ecosystem services loss. This can guide strategic conservation efforts to halt and reverse the losses by community supported landscape restoration programmes. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5729 | Alternative approaches to measuring concentration in liner shipping Shipping has always had a special relationship with competition law and economics. Even if special competition law regimes for the shipping industry continue to exist, most countries nowadays accept the notion that shipping markets should be more competitive. Competition authorities monitor this in a more or less regular fashion, with various market concentration indexes. The liner shipping industry is peculiar in its widespread cooperation schemes between carriers, in the form of vessel sharing agreements, also known as consortia. Carriers engage in cooperation with all of their major competitors in a system of consortia that is highly interlinked. This brings considerable risks of abuse of market power. Yet, the system of inter-linked consortia has never been systematically mapped, nor do competition authorities appear to monitor them. This article addresses this gap, by proposing alternative indicators, in addition to the traditional industry concentration indexes such as the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI), that take the reality of consortia into account. Here, five possible alternative indicators are considered: the market share of consortia and independent operators; the share of consortia exceeding market share thresholds; the industry market concentration of consortia; a modified HHI that takes consortia into account; and interlinkages between consortia. We analyse the current state of concentration of liner shipping on the basis of these indicators using a new and unique database that contains deployed ship capacity of container carriers on all of their liner services. Based on this dataset we provide an overview of differences in industry concentration across world regions and developments over time. Traditional indicators show an increase in industry concentration. For example, over the trade corridors to and from Northern Europe, the HHI scores in 2006 ranged from 604 to 2463, and from 1164 to 4882 in 2021. The alternative criteria show additional industry concentration. We show that in 2021, 704 out of more than 1500 agreements among carrier consortia had a combined market share of at least 30%, and 102 of them had a combined market share of at least 50%. We also observe that in 2021, the carriers active in alliances operated 85% of the consortia capacity. Although carriers that are in the same alliance operate most of these consortia, it is also noteworthy that carriers that are not in the same alliance operate a considerable part (24%) of the consortia. Our calculations of modified Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (MHHI)indexes that take consortia into account show that industry concentration is higher when consortia are taken into account: for example on the trade corridor Northern Europe-North America East Coast, the MHHI has reached the threshold of 2500 points, despite an HHI score of around 1500. In the conclusion of the article, we put forward ways in which these alternative indicators could be used by competition authorities. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5730 | Tracking SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among Canadian blood donors | Transfus Med Rev | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5731 | Loss of repeat convalescent plasma donors due to waning anti-SARS-CoV-2 plaque reduction neutralization test titers (April-December 2020) | Transfus Med Rev | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5732 | David Marski, Schutz des Patienten durch Kontrahierungszwang? | Medizinrecht | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5733 | Private Investments, Public Goods: Regulating Markets for Sustainable Development In the new ecosystem for financing the sustainable development goals (SDGs), private actors are no longer passive bystanders in the development process, nor engaged merely as clients or contractors but as co-investors and co-producers in development projects and programmes. This ‘private turn’ in the financing of international development and other global public goods sees the enmeshment of public and private finance that brings aid and other forms of official development finance into sharp contact with regulatory regimes commonly associated with commercial investments, capital markets and corporate activity. The shift away from public resources for financing (e.g., multilateral sovereign loans) to leveraging financial markets for development capital (e.g., equity and portfolio investments) will insert countries into global financial markets and engagements with corporate actors in ways that will change forms of regulation, accountability and transparency of public finance. Zooming in on the creation of markets for sustainable development investments (SDI), this paper explores how this broader ‘reengineering of public finance’ is establishing new forms of governance that are restructuring the relationship between states and markets and between transnational capital and their host communities. Specifically, the movement towards private investments and financial markets as key drivers of financing for sustainable development has two critical impacts on transnational governance: (a) the use of private markets, in their capital allocation roles, as quasi-regulatory tools for achieving the SDGs and other global public goods; and (b) the deployment of private regulatory regimes (e.g., contracts, codes of conduct, corporate governance codes) as mechanisms to govern the social and environmental externalities of transnational economic activity. These developments have wide-ranging impacts on the domestic legal, political and civic constitution of states that can paradoxically constrain fiscal and policy space for enabling the attainment of the SDGs. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5734 | Max Rust, Die Substantiierungslast im Zivilprozess | Medizinrecht | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5735 | Éditorial | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5736 | Wealth taxes and the post-COVID future of the state Over the last 30 years, Critical Perspectives on Accounting has published work placing tax as the central object of study. While this literature offers insights into the social, economic, environmental, and political importance of corporate tax, few focus on the individual. In placing the individual at the centre of this essay, we argue for a wealth tax targeting the super-rich to restore equality, decency, and the social contract. While there has been much discussion of wealth taxes, building popular support for a tax on the rich is extraordinarily difficult. Here we make the case for a tax on wealth, drawing on both consequentialist and non-consequentialist notions of justice, suggesting that a wealth tax may offer a crucial antidote to the social inequalities that have intensified as a result of COVID-19. At the very least, a wealth tax needs to be considered as a means to recalibrate the financial gains made by a handful of individuals during the pandemic. If the state is to be an effective actor in the post-COVID future, we must build on the empirical evidence around us to make the case that sustained public wealth will always be essential to our collective survival. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5737 | Abstract of Special Issue | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5738 | Vient de paraître | Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5739 | Special issue on advances in data, information and knowledge engineering in data science era | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5740 | Face masks to fight against COVID-19 pandemics: A comprehensive review of materials, design, technology and product development The outbreak of COVID-19 has created renewed attention on research and large scale manufacturing of face masks. In the last two decades, usage of face masks for respiratory protection has gained increased importance as a measure to control the maladies and fatalities due to exposure to particulate pollutants and toxic pathogens. Numerous variants of surgical and high-performance respirator masks are available in the market, and yet the fibrous materials science researchers, manufacturers and public health agencies are making concerted efforts towards improvising them with respect to self-sterilisability, facial fit, thermo-physiological comfort, reusability and biodegradability, while maintaining or rather enhancing the filtration efficiency. This review article presents a compendium of materials, design and performance standards of existing face masks, as well as elaborates on developments made for their performance enhancement. The criticality of inculcation of good hygiene habits and earnest compliance to correct mask donning and doffing practices has also been highlighted. This review is expected to make valuable contributions in the present COVID-19 scenario when donning a face mask has become mandatory. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5741 | Distance learning during COVID-19 in Afghanistan: Challenges and opportunities This study examined students’ attitudes toward distance learning, and its relationship with the duration of using Telegram and schooling. It specifically explored students’ experiences of the challenges and opportunities that distance learning created during the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, two null hypotheses were formulated: (1) there is no significant relationship between students’ attitudes toward distance learning and the duration of using Telegram; and (2) there is no significant relationship between students’ attitudes towards distance learning and the duration of schooling. Data were collected from a survey questionnaire and in-depth semi-structured interviews with students from the English Department of Herat University, Afghanistan. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, an independent samples t-test, and ANOVA. The results of the t-test showed that the first hypothesis should be accepted, meaning there is no relationship between students’ attitudes toward e-learning and years of Telegram use. Further, the one-way ANOVA test showed that the second null hypothesis was affirmed. Moreover, the qualitative findings indicated that distance learning via Telegram is associated with context-specific challenges and several opportunities. | N/A | 2021 | CORD-19 | |
| 5742 | Trucking in the Era of COVID-19 COVID-19 resulted in health and logistical challenges for many sectors of the American economy, including the trucking industry. This study examined how the pandemic impacted the trucking industry, focused on the pandemic’s impacts on company operations, health, and stress of trucking industry employees. Data were collected from three sources: surveys, focus groups, and social media posts. Individuals at multiple organizational levels of trucking companies (i.e., supervisors, upper-level management, and drivers) completed an online survey and participated in online focus groups. Data from focus groups were coded using a thematic analysis approach. Publicly available social media posts from Twitter were analyzed using a sentiment analysis framework to assess changes in public sentiment about the trucking industry pre- and during-COVID-19. Two themes emerged from the focus groups: (1) trucking company business strategies and adaptations and (2) truck driver experiences and workplace safety. Participants reported supply chain disruptions and new consumer buying trends as having larger industry-wide impacts. Company adaptability emerged due to freight variability, leading organizations to pivot business models and create solutions to reduce operational costs. Companies responded to COVID-19 by accommodating employees’ concerns and implementing safety measures. Truck drivers noted an increase in positive public perception of truck drivers, but job quality factors worsened due to closed amenities and decreased social interaction. Social media sentiment analysis also illustrated an increase in positive public sentiment towards the trucking industry during COVID-19. The pandemic resulted in multi-level economic, health, and social impacts on the trucking industry, which included economic impacts on companies and economic, social and health impacts on employees within the industry levels. Further research can expand on this study to provide an understanding of the long-term impacts of the pandemic on the trucking industry companies within the industry and segments of the trucking industry workforce. | Am Behav Sci | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5743 | Transitioning From In-Person to Telehealth Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study in Flexibility in an Adverse Context Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a condition in which people consistently and persistently experience significant fear and/or anxiety about one or more social situations in which they may be scrutinized and negatively evaluated. SAD has historically been found to respond well to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) delivered both in-person and via telehealth; however, comparatively little information is available regarding response to treatment in the context of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic social and physical distancing guidelines, which have affected the way in which behavioral health services are delivered, as well as opportunities for interpersonal interactions which are either spontaneous or assigned as exposures. The current case study describes “Jennifer” (a pseudonym), a college student with a primary diagnosis of SAD, who was treated with primarily CBT interventions for 18 individual sessions over the course of approximately 6 months, which included treatment with a psychologist and a graduate student, implemented both in-person and via telehealth, both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Jennifer responded well to treatment, as evidenced by her self-report and decreases in symptom measure scores, engaged in CBT adapted to pandemic restrictions, and was able to utilize strategies learned during SAD treatment to address generalized anxiety and pandemic-related concerns. This case study demonstrates the feasibility of transitioning SAD care between providers and formats, as well as the robustness and flexibility of CBT strategies in the face of significant change, stress, and limitations of the external environment. | Clin Case Stud | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5744 | Life Purpose as a Predictor of Resilience and Persistence in College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which life purpose explained the variance in college students’ levels of resilience and persistence amidst COVID-19 pandemic. This study utilized a cross-sectional design and focused upon the three dimensions of life purpose: awareness of purpose, awakening to purpose, altruistic purpose. Structural equation modeling showed that both resilience and persistence were predicted positively by awakening to purpose when a traditional three-correlated factors model was used to specify the measure of life purpose. When a bifactor model was used, the general factor of purpose emerged as a positive predictor of both resilience and persistence. Additionally, awakening to purpose emerged as a positive predictor of resilience above and beyond the general factor of purpose. Practical implications of this study lie in supporting students to actively explore and fulfill their life’s purpose since doing so might strengthen their resilience and intent to persevere. | J Coll Stud Ret | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5745 | Japanese educational culture in times of the COVID-19 pandemic National culture determines educational culture. The educational culture characteristics of each country will be demonstrated through the awareness of education, the way the educational apparatus is organized, and the way that education deals with the crisis in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic on a global scale. The study uses structural functionalism theory to systematize the elements in educational culture and analyzes these elements in symmetrical pairs to outline the Japanese educational culture during the COVID-19 pandemic from the beginning of the year 2020 until now. In addition, from the view of the specific Japanese educational culture, the study also uses Hofstede’s cultural dimension theory to analyze pandemic response policy. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5746 | Of essential workers and working from home: Journalistic discourses and the precarities of a pandemic economy This article considers how reporting about work during the COVID-19 pandemic operated as a field of discourse that challenged the ideological workings of neoliberalism. By documenting the risks and stresses workers of all classes faced during the first year of the pandemic, the reporting began to question neoliberal capitalism as socially unsustainable. Drawing on a corpus of 151 long-form articles and commentary, we show how journalistic discourse structured relationships between different classes of workers and implicated institutions for failing to properly mitigate the risks associated with COVID-19, even though the discourse largely centered on professionals working from home. As the reporting substantiated the precarities revealed by the pandemic as social facts, it challenged presumptions that undergird neoliberal ideologies, though it remains to be seen whether journalism will discursively re-center neoliberal logics in the wake of the pandemic. | Journalism (Lond) | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5747 | EU-Ukraine "deep" trade agenda: the effectiveness and impact perspectives The EU-Ukraine deep and comprehensive free trade area (DCFTA) is marked by an impressive scope of regulatory approximation and market integration. Nonetheless, the performance of the DCFTA often tends to be assessed through the sole prism of changes in the volume of trade between the parties. This paper seeks to complement such an approach by an in-depth investigation of EU-DCFTA’s performance from the effectiveness and impact perspectives. It finds that the EU-Ukraine “deep” trade agenda is marked by medium effectiveness, with the strongest concerns, attributed to corruption, weak rule of law and strong oligarchic influence. At the same time, the DCFTA had been a strong engine for trade-related reforms (e.g. countering technical barriers to trade; public procurement; competition and state aid) in Ukraine over the period from 2014 to 2019. Yet, the reforms’ tempo slowed down after the most recent presidential elections, with numerous changes pending in the domains of transport and infrastructure, financial sector reform and customs reforms. Nonetheless, the EU-Ukraine DCFTA is found to exert a considerable impact on the interplay of the regulatory spaces and influences in the regions and the role of the EU as a trade power. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5748 | Modeling and mitigating supply chain disruptions as a bilevel network flow problem Years of globalization, outsourcing and cost cutting have increased supply chain vulnerability calling for more effective risk mitigation strategies. In our research, we analyze supply chain disruptions in a production setting. Using a bilevel optimization framework, we minimize the total production cost for a manufacturer interested in finding optimal disruption mitigation strategies. The problem constitutes a convex network flow program under a chance constraint bounding the manufacturer’s regrets in disrupted scenarios. Thus, in contrast to standard bilevel optimization schemes with two decision-makers, a leader and a follower, our model searches for the optimal production plan of a manufacturer in view of a reduction in the sequence of his own scenario-specific regrets. Defined as the difference in costs of a reactive plan, which considers the disruption as unknown until it occurs, and a benchmark anticipative plan, which predicts the disruption in the beginning of the planning horizon, the regrets allow measurement of the impact of scenario-specific production strategies on the manufacturer’s total cost. For an efficient solution of the problem, we employ generalized Benders decomposition and develop customized feasibility cuts. In the managerial section, we discuss the implications for the risk-adjusted production and observe that the regrets of long disruptions are reduced in our mitigation strategy at the cost of shorter disruptions, whose regrets typically stay far below the risk threshold. This allows a decrease of the production cost under rare but high-impact disruption scenarios. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5749 | The 34th international symposium on pediatric surgical research This was a highly successful virtual meeting at which 70 papers on pediatric surgical research and 7 invited Keynote lectures were presented. The International Board of Pediatric Surgical Research thanks Professor Richard Kiejzer and his team for a highly successful virtual meeting. On behalf of the Scientific Committee of the International Board of Pediatric Surgical Research: This year again due to the ongoing global Covid-19 pandemic and resulting travel restrictions, the 34th International Symposium on Pediatric Surgical Research (ISPSR) was held online from Winnipeg, Canada from 10 to 12 December 2021. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Pediatric Surgery International is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.) | Pediatr Surg Int | 2022 | CORD-19 | |
| 5750 | Covid-19 and Capital Flows: The Responses of Investors to the Responses of Governments This paper examines the effect of national government response measures to Covid-19 on German international capital flows. Analyzing highly disaggregated monthly data from the German balance of payments statistics over the period from January 2019 through January 2021, we find that bilateral financial interactions are negatively affected by stricter containment and closure policies as well as health system policies of a partner country, while German capital flows benefit from a partner’s economic support policies. Moreover, to the extent that public interventions to fight the pandemic affect financial interactions, the adjustment mainly takes place along the intensive margin. | N/A | 2022 | CORD-19 |
(1) COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). 2020. Version 2022-06-02. Retrieved from https://ai2-semanticscholar-cord-19.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/historical_releases.html. Accessed 2022-06-05. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3715506
(2) Chen Q, Allot A, & Lu Z. (2020) Keep up with the latest coronavirus research, Nature 579:193 and Chen Q, Allot A, Lu Z. LitCovid: an open database of COVID-19 literature. Nucleic Acids Research. 2020. (version 2023-01-10)
(3) Currently tweets of June 23rd to June 29th 2022 have been considered.